Showing 229 results for SAR
Sh Rafiei Tehrani , A Saraf Nejad , Sa Mir Ghani Zadeh ,
Volume 51, Issue 1 (30 1993)
Abstract
Listeria infection is still a dominant infectious problem in Iran, particularly in abortion. Looking for a paraclinical technique other than bacterial methods (which is not always available) lead to serological survey indicating estimation anti listeria antibody by Immunoflourescent test. Unfortunately the false positive results due to cross reaction between "listeria monocytogenesis" and certain gram positive cocci, made it an unacceptable technique. Here we performed a test to extract the Listeria M. (Stranin 4a and 1b) soluble antigen and detecting the antibody by counter immunoelectrophoresis (CEI). The results indicated that of four bacterial soluble antigen fractions F1 and F3 were significantly positive with patients sera. We will discuss using the soluble antigen by CEI technique may be helpful to omit the false positive reactions.
N Khonsari , P Jafari , J Dukan ,
Volume 52, Issue 1 (30 1994)
Abstract
We have studied the effect of amitriptyline, a tricyclic anti-depressant drug on several immune parameters of the Balb/c mice in order to evaluate its immunomodulatory effects. Results showed that amitriptyline will potentiates all of the immunocytes functions except for the production of PGE2 by LPS stimulated monocytes. We have also showed that amitriptyline can normalize the immunosuppressive effect of dexamethasone on mice (experimental stress). These results suggest that one of the mechanisms of action of the tricyclic anti-depressant drugs might be through the modulation of the immune system which has been suppressed by stress or distress
T Mehrannia , T Altariehie , A Sarafnejade , Y Mohammadie ,
Volume 54, Issue 2 (30 1996)
Abstract
The effect and arrangement of cytoskeleton (microtubules, microfilaments and neurofilaments) in neurulation of chick embryo examined by immunoperoxidase method from stage 6 to stage 12. The results were as follows: 1) Microtubules aggregated in the perinuclear region from which they radiated to take longitudinal course beneath the membrane. 2) Microfilaments were aggregated in the apical ends (free-surface) of neural epithelium causing the cells to become flask-shaped. 3) Neurofilaments (Nfs) had no important role in neural tube formation
Sadeghipur Rudsari,
Volume 55, Issue 3 (30 1997)
Abstract
The discovery of antifertility activity of gossypol led the scientists and researchers to the development of compounds with antifertility activity that can be used as male contraceptive. It is obvious that without the contribution and sense of responsibility in men, the population control programs and family planning will have no considerable success. In the present study, I have tried to evaluate two newly synthesized analog of diaminopyrimidines compounds with the chemical name of 2,4-diamino-5 (3,4-dichlorophenyl) 6-alcheloxymethylpyrimidine (ethyoxy and isobothyloxy) on male rats. This study indicates that this compounds without any toxic effects, significantly decrease the serum testosterone, sperm mortility (SM), percent of viable sperms, daily sperm production (DSP), epididimal sperm reserve (ESR) and fertility rats
G Shagari , A Sarrafnegad , G Behzadiannegad ,
Volume 55, Issue 3 (30 1997)
Abstract
It seems, rapid destruction of gram negative bacteria by antibiotics contribute to the clinical deterioration of some patients with lethal endotoxemia. In this research we evaluated LPS (lipopolysaccharide) release during antibiotic killing of salmonella typhi (Ty2-5536). The organism was incubated in the presence of Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin and Co-trimoxazole at concentrations that killed >99.9% of the organisms as determined by quantitative culture techniques. After incubation the antibiotic-bacterial cultures were centrifuged and the supernatants were filtered and collected for "in vivo" and "in vitro" studies. Injection of 1 ml/kg of filtrates in rabbits raised normal temperature of the animals by 1.2°C that it showes the presence of LPS in the filtrates. Quantitative chromogenic limulus amebocyte lyssate (L.A.L) assay was used to determine the amount of LPS in the filtrates. The amount of LPS was 86.67±2.53 Pg/ml for chloramphenicol, 113.33±8.07 Pg/ml for Ampicillin and 134.18±11.59 Pg/ml for Co-trimoxazole. According to our investigation chloramphenicol is the best antibiotic against S.typhi because it decrease the induced-pathological effects of LPS in gram negative infection
B Larigani , M Bastanhagh , M Pajoohi , N Sarhaddi ,
Volume 55, Issue 5 (1 1997)
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma is a rare disease. A retrospective study of the signs and clinical course of this disorder was performed by evaluating medical records. Our fidings indicate that the prevalence of pheochromocytoma was equal in men and women, and most patients (56%) were in their second and third decades of life. In 10% of the cases, the disease was bilateral, and in 13% it was outside the adrenal (totally para-aortic). The tumor was more common on the right side (8%), and 3.5% were familial. Almost all cases had a history of hypertension and hypertensive crises. Attack-like episodes of clinical symptoms and signs and hypertension were observed in 98%, headache in 71% and profuse perspiration in 68% of the cases. An abdominal mass was palapated in 13% of the cases, 26% had overt diabetes, 23% had ECG changes. Malignancy was observed in 4%, with metastases to the liver (n=2) lung (n=1) and spine (n=1). In the latter four cases, the metastic lesion was histologically proven to be pheochromocytoma. In three of the 28 female cases, the first hypertensive crisis occurred during pregnancy causing abortion in one case.
Sm Rabiy Hashemi , A Geransar ,
Volume 55, Issue 5 (1 1997)
Abstract
Primary hyperaldosteronism is one of the few causes of hypertension that can be cured by surgery. Primary hyperaldosteronism is caused by adrenocortical adenoma or hyperplasia. It is important to differentiate between adrenal adenoma and hyperplasia because the preferred treatments are different. In all patients with new-onest or worsening hypertension the primary hyperaldosteronism should be considered as an etiology. Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism classically have hypertension with spontaneous hypokalemia. The serum sodium concentration is usually normal in patients with primary aldosteronism who are not taking diuretics. Weakness, fatigue, paresthesia, tetany and even paralysis may develop. Renin and angiotensin II are suppressed in both forms of primary hyperaldosteronism due to feedback. Polyuria may develop secondary to vasopressin resistance from chronic hyperkaliuria. Hypertension or eclampsia during pregnancy is common in women with primary hyperaldosteronism. Case report: A 42-years-old woman presented with headache, severe hypertension, general weakness, easy fatigability, vertigo, palpitation, visual disorders and nocturia. She had a past history of eclampsia 10 years ago. In laboratory investigation there was hypokalemia, elevated serum aldosterone, low renin activity and hyperkaliuria. In abdominal CT-scan there was a hypodense mass measuring 2 cm in diameter in her left adrenal gland. The patient had primary hyperaldosteronism due to aldosteronoma.
M Ansari , E Javadi , M Vosughi , V Nikeghbal ,
Volume 55, Issue 6 (1 1997)
Abstract
L-fucose (6.deoxy. L.galactose) is the only monosacharide which is placed in non reducting position of glycoproteins structure in L-deoxy form. L-fucosidase and fucosy 1 transferase directly take part in the elevation or decrease of sorum L-fucose levels. Tumors may directly induce enzymes that release L-fucose from glycoproteins formed in the neoplastic tissue, or the glycoproteins may be released indirectly as a result of body-defense metabolic secretion of glycoproteins and their filtration in glomeruls, and has a close correlation with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In this study we compared urinary L-fucose of 30 known cases of cancer versus 40 healthy people. Fifteen patients had Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and 15 patients Gyneclologic (Gyn) cancer. There was significant difference between urinary L-fucose of patients with GI cancer and controls (P<0.01), and also we saw the same result (P<0.01) in Gyn patients in comparison with controls. Significant elevations of urinary L-fucose, in GI and GY cancers may lead us in the way to further evaluation of its relationship with L-fucose levels to make its early diagnosis and better prognosis in susceptible individuals and those at a high risk of developing cancer, possible.
M Hashemipoor , R Klishadi , N Sarrafzadegan , N Bashardoost ,
Volume 55, Issue 6 (1 1997)
Abstract
A case-control study was performed by the Research Center of Isfahan University, to determine the predisposing factors of early atherosclerosis. Children of cases admitted to a university hospital in Isfahan with early myocardial infarction (MI) were considered for the study. The affeckted cases (n=116), had 120 children aged 2-14 years. The control group were selected from children of the neighbors of the cases. The two groups were similar in age of parents, children and socio-economic status. Mean cholesterol and triglyceride levels and the frequency of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly higher in the children of MI cases. The mean lipid concentration of the controls was significantly higher than standard levels. These results emphasize the importance of evaluating children of high risk cases for risk factors of MI.
H Eftekhar , A Batebi , F Azadegan , F Alianfini , N Sarhaddi ,
Volume 55, Issue 6 (1 1997)
Abstract
The growth and developmental status of 252 children with low birth weight (<2500 gr) born from 1988 to 1989 as cases were compared with 312 children with normal birth weight (>2500 gr) at the fifth birthday. The results of comparing these two groups of children show that: 1) In relation to weight for age of survivors, with increasing of age, weight gaining is higher in the control group in comparison with the case group (P=0.00). 2) In relation to height for age the study revealed, that this indicator differs in two groups but the difference is not significant. 3) In regard to Gomez classification: The percentages of all grades of malnutrition (mild, moderate, severe) is grater in the case group than controls. 4) By considering the developmental criteria (skipping, drawing triangle from copy, naming 5 colors, repeating sentences of 10 syllables, counting of 10 coins correctly and respectively): The study showed that developmental indicator of the case group differs from controls. The test statistic "t" showed, there is a significant difference between two variables (P=0.005). 5) By using the Riven test for evaluation of IQ, our findings characterized that, the IQ mean of the LBW and NBW are not truely different.
A Abhari, Gh Sarrami,
Volume 56, Issue 1 (30 1998)
Abstract
SCL-90-R-scale was used to asses 1184 enrolled medical colleges students, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Out of nine orthogonal symptome dimensions of the instrument, paranoid ideation, interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive complusive were the most frequent in the study.
Difference between males and females was significant in depression, anxiety and phobic anxiety dimensions. Mean psychopathological dimensions in students with GPA lower than 14 were detected to be more significant than others
N Sarrafzdegan , N Mohammadifard , M Rafiy ,
Volume 56, Issue 2 (30 1998)
Abstract
Regarding the importance of cardiovascular disease in the health of societies, Hyperlipidemia is considered as an important risk factor. One of the case recently put forward in the fat profile, is high TG (triglycerides) and low HDL-C (High Density Lipoprotein). Nowadays, we believe that TG without the presence of low HDL-C is not considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. So it was decided to perform a descriptive study to define the prevalence of this syndrom, like other risk factors, in urban population of Isfahan. Samples were selected by random sampling method and the sample size, to have reliability of 95%, was about 1200 from the people over 20 year old in 6 age groups and 2 sexes. After inviting the people while going fast (about 14 hours), a questionnaire including perfect identifications was filled and blood factors include total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C (LOW Density Lipoprotein), HDL-C and F.B.S (Fasting Blood Sugar) were measured. Then the statistical analyzing of data was done to define the relation between TG and HDL-C. Regarding the coefficient of correlation and P.value <0.05 in different age and sex groups (except over 70 years old group which was not significant) was defined that TG has an inverse relation to HDL-C and the prevalence in the urban population of Isfahan is 19.7%. Results got from studying the relation between TG serum level and high LDL/HDL fraction (equal or more than five) showed that the more TG gets, the more the fraction is and regarding to its prevalence (11.6%) in Isfahan. It can be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. So regarding the high prevalence of High TG and low HDL-C syndrome, treating this syndrome can be considered as one of the primary prevention methods. To fufil the latter goal firstly the syndrome must be identified and the related patients must be treated. So the patients with high TG must be tested for HDL-C and LDL-C too. And secondly therapeutic actions to increase HDL-C and to decrease TG level must be done.
Sh Sarrafian , M Hashemirad ,
Volume 56, Issue 2 (30 1998)
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the common diseases leading to dialysis. In a cohort study, diabetic dialysis patients were compared with non-diabetic dialysis patients for one year about age, sex, cause and times of admission and rate of mortality. The study was done on 101 patients. At the end of the study, 88 patients remained. Results were interprected by T-test and chi-square statistical analyses and signified with P value less than 5 percent. Results: Diabetes was the cause of 17.8 percent of renal failure in 101 patients. The mean age of diabetics was greater than non-diabetics (P=0.02). Mortality of diabetics in one year was 20 percent, similar to non-diabetics. Infection (chills and fever) was the most common cause of admission in diabetics (33 percent) and non-diabetics (25 percent) with no significant difference. Conclusion: Mortality and morbidity between diabetic and non-diabetic dialysis patients had no significant difference.
A Mirsalehian , N Ebrahimi Daryani , A Sarrafnejad , H Rastegarian ,
Volume 56, Issue 3 (1 1998)
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H.Pylori) is the most common human infection in the world. This agent has a strong role in pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. Therefore introducing of simple and cost effective tests are important for diagnosis of H.Pylori infections. ELISA has been considered as an alternative test compare with biopsy, histological staining, culture and urease test in diagnosis of H.Pylori infection. In this investigation, 111 patients referred to GI endoscopy department of Imam Khomeini Hospitals for U.G.I problems which were evaluated for H.Pylori infection. Culture and histological staining (GIMSA and H & E) were used as a gold standard test compare with ELISA-IgG and urease test. Sensitivity and specificity for ELISA were 90%, 93% respectively. This report suggests that ELISA is a cost effect and valid test in diagnosis of H.Pylori infection
R Ansari , R Malekzadeh , J Mikaeely , Sm Tabib , M Khatibian , B Alizadeh ,
Volume 56, Issue 6 (9 1998)
Abstract
Introduction: It has been shown that repeated large volume paracenthesis associated with intravenous albumin infusion is a rapid, effective and safe therapy of massive ascites in cirrhosis. Our aim was to investigate wether IV infusion of albumin is necessary in large volume paeacenthesis therapy of cirrhotic ascites. Methods: 37 patients with tense cirrhotic ascites who were intractable to diuretic therapy were randomly assigned in two groups. 16 patients (group A) were treated with paracenthesis of 4 lit/day plus intravenous albumin infusion (7 gr/lit), and 21 (group B) with paracenthesis without albumin infusion. Hemodynamic status, liver and kidney function and serum lectrolytes were assessed before, while and after paracenthesis. Results: Paracenthesis without IV albumin did not induce significant changes in standard renal function tests, serum albumin, serum electrolytes and liver function tests. One patient from each group developed renal impairment. Two patients from group A and 3 from group B developed asymptomatic hyponatermia. One patient from group A died due to hepatic encephalopathy during paracenthesis. Conclusion: Intravenous albumin infusion is not necessary during large volume paracenthesis for treatment of tense ascites in cirrhotic patients.
H Sadeghipoor Rodsari , H Maaref , K Holakooie Naeeni ,
Volume 56, Issue 6 (9 1998)
Abstract
Increase in the rate of elderly population have persuaded the people and governments of the most developed countries to evaluated and confront the complexity of social, economic, and health issues involved. Increase in the number of aging people is commonly called the aging of society. Currently, in the countries of Western Europe (Germany, France, England, Sweden), the figure of the people over 60 years old comprises 12-15 percent of total population, and according to the forecasting estimate will reach to 25% up to the year 2020. In our country, based on censuses that have been carried out during the years of 1355, 1365, 1375 this figure is 5.12%, 5.25% and 7.67%, respectively. The number of 60 years old persons or over under the supervision of Tehran University of Medical Sciences was 135379 persons, in the year 1376. Due to these demographic changes that is arising from the phenomenon of aging of society, a considerable increase in the incidence of chronic diseases and health requirement of the elderly living in the society happens. This can be translated in terms of more demands in the affiliated fields of nursing, health care and treatment. This study has been proposed to clarify and evaluate the afore mentioned requitements. In this study, the following results can be concluded. Contrary to physical and psychological problems of adulthood, only 25% were aware of assisting economic, health and treatment institution that were available to them. These people were usually suffering from a single to multiple ailments that happen concurrently and ladies were complaining more in this respect. The interesting point in this study is the answer to the question of most basic problems of their life. Many elderly mentioned financial problems the most influential factor in their life. The figures concerning the responses to the question of basic problems of elderly for economic and physical problems were 37.7% and 18.3%, respectively.
N Alipoor Ghorbani , A Sarafnezhad , A Mirsalehian , R Malekzadeh , Z Jadali , Gh Behzadian , M Satari ,
Volume 57, Issue 2 (8 1999)
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is the most common human infection in the world. This agent has a strong role in pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. Therefore introducing of simple and cost effective and non invasive tests are important for diagnosis of H.pylori infections. In this study 215 patient suffering from different gastrointestinal disorders referred to GI endoscopy department of Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital were selected as case and another 50 as control group, which were evaluated for H.pylori infection. Direct smear (staining with Giemsa) and urease tests were used as gold standard tests compared with IFA-IgG and culture. Sensitivity and specificity and accuracy for IFA were 94%, 86% and 90%, respectively. Absorption with campylobacter jejoni did not change the level of IgG against H.pylori. Negativity of urease test dose not show the eradication or absence of bacteria, but shows the low number of bacteria in biopsy materials. This report suggest that IFA is an advantageous, sensitive and reliable test in diagnosis of H.pylori infection.
M Jamali Zavarehei , N Swdighy , Z Alizadeh , A Montazery , S Jarvandi , M Ansary ,
Volume 57, Issue 3 (8 1999)
Abstract
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of breast lesions has been used for more than six decades and has been established as an effective procedure in Europe for many years. In order to evaluate the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration with histopathologic confirmation, a retrospective study was performed in Iranian Center for Breast Cancer, using a computer database over one year period. All women who had had fine-needle aspiration breast biopsy with histopathologic diagnosis included open excisional biopsy or mastectomy specimen. A total of 49 patients fulfilled the criteria. The test had a 93% sensitivity, 73% specificity, 65% positive predictive value, and 95% negative predictive value. Fine-needle aspiration is a sensitive test that Van be useful as an adjuct in the diagnosis of breast cancer.
K Fooladsaz , M Rasaei , M Ansari ,
Volume 57, Issue 4 (9 1999)
Abstract
Nowadays immunochemical techniques have played a very important and valuable role in quantitative and qualitative assays of liquid compounds of the body. Producing antibody against immunogenes is the first step to make immunochemical kits. In this study production and purification of polyclonal antibody against melatonin has been considered. This hormone which has several important functions in physiological conditions such as migraine, cirrhosis, mammary gland cancer and other diseases, is the most important pineal gland secretion. This gland is a circumventricular organ of brain and according to histological and anatomical studies, it is a high secretory organ, that secretes active biological substances like melatonin, oxytocin, serotonin and ect. In this study, melatonin has been considered as hapten and has become an immunogen by being linked to the bovine serum Albumin. Then, by the immunization of three white New Zeland rabbits that had the booster injections in regular intervals, the antibody titer was detected to be 1/2000, by using checkboard curves, and with the use of melatonin linked to penicillinase as a labeled antigen, the titer was detected 1/200. Finally an antibody with high purification rate has been obtained, which can be used in immunochemical assays like RIA, ELISA, and EIA.
Hr Sadeghi Pour Roudsari , A Mahdavi , S Taamoli , Z Jalali ,
Volume 58, Issue 1 (6 2000)
Abstract
We studied fertility indices of Iranian and non-Iranian populations which were covered by 23 Rays health houses. This cross-sectional study aimed to prove the effect of increasing number of non-Iranian immigrants on health indices of the area covered by Tehran university of medical sciences and health services, consequently giving attention to specific health programs. The data collection method was census of permanent residents of the villages by means of vital horoscopes. 8494 of 27611 persons were non-Iranian. Dependency ratio and natural growth rate was 75%, 1.14% in Iranians and 98%, 1.74% in non-Iranians, respectively. Mortality in non-Iranians was 1.24 times more than Iranians. General fertility rate in Iranians was 60 and in non-Iranians was 110 live births in 1000 women of child bearing age. Total fertility rate in Iranians was 1.73 and in non-Iranians 3.27 neonates for each woman. Age-specific fertility rates were absolutely higher in non-Iranians. Gross eproductive rate was 0.87 in Iranians and 1.59 in non-Iranians. Mean number of girls born by a non-Iranian mother will be double times of an Iranian mother (P<0.01). Modern contraceptive methods coverage was 70% in Iranian couples and less than 40% in non-Iranian couples. 96.94% of Iranian deliveries and 70.9% of non-Iranian deliveries were safe (P<0.01).
