Showing 109 results for SR
M Mohyeddin , F Khosravi , B Nikbin ,
Volume 53, Issue 1 (30 1995)
Abstract
The Turkmans are one of the Iranian ethnic population. HLA typing (class I and II) was performed in this population. The data obtained from this study was compared with different populations of the world. We observed that the Turkman population is most similar to the Northern chinese and Uigur population. The distributions of HLA antigens in Turkmans are somewhat between Iranian population, Northern chinese and Uigur population. Natural selection and gene alteration select the people who could better adopt themselves with new conditions. Investigation of Turkman's HLA in comparison with Iranian's HLA reveals more details in genetics of Behcet's disease. Behcet's disease is very rare in Turkmans (index 0.5) whereas its frequency is high in other Iranians and Northern chinese. Distribution of susceptible antigens like B5 is the same in Turkmans and Northern chinese (19.5%) but much higher in other Iranians, whereas B35 have almost the same distribution in Turkmans and Iranians (37% and 33% respectively). DQW1 and CW4 antigens which were suspected to have a negative association with Behcet's disease are the most frequent antigens in Turkmans.
B Nasrallah Zadeh , M Abdollahi , M Mojir ,
Volume 53, Issue 1 (30 1995)
Abstract
In this work, we tried to know something more about the embryotoxicity effects of the doses of 50, 200, 400 mg/kg/day of ranitidine of (H2 antihistaminic agent) by intraperitoneal administration on mice. The studies were performed on albino mice kept under specific conditions and a constant dark-light cycle at 24+1C and 55+5% relative humidity. Generally, the animals were acclimatized for four weeks before mating. Two female mice at 12-14 weeks of age were placed overnight with a male of proven fertility. The day on which a vaginal plug was found, was taken as day one of pregnancy. Also the vaginal smear was prepared for further proof. Treatment of pregnant females was started from day 7 and continued up to the 15th day of gestation and then on day 18 they were necropsied for routine teratological observations. The live fetuses were weighed and inspected for gross external abnormalities under a dissecting microscope. Resorption plus dead fetuses less than 6mm of length were designated early death and dead fetuses of more than 6mm of length were consequently called late death. The statistical study was done by student t-test. One-third of the fetuses were fixed in bouin's fluid to detect visceral malformations by the rasor- section technique. There was no significant difference in the frequency of late death between the control groups and the groups given ranitidine. Differences were observed in the number of implantation sites except for 400 mg/kg/day. Data pooled from all experimental groups clearly show that pig tail, deformed cranium, low body weight and skeleton, unshaped external ear and jaw and polydactyly are the most common external abnormalities. Results of this study show the hazards o the ranitidine used during early pregnancy.
A Rabbani, Sr Mir Sharifi, Sh Razavi Emami ,
Volume 53, Issue 2 (5-1995)
Abstract
100 patients (93 females and 7 males) in ages ranging between 23 and 65 years were subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic (92 pts), acute cholecystitis (7 pts) or asymptomatic gallstones (1 pt). None had a history of icterus and in every case choledocholithiasis was excluded by means of serum alkaline phosphatase assessment and sonography (In addition to ERCP in 3 pts). 3 operations were converted to open cholecystectomy (Because of uncertainty about anatomy in 1 pt, extensive adhesions in 1 pt, and persistent bleeding in 1 pt). Mean operation time was 80 min. 90 patients were discharged on the 2nd post-operative day. Apart from 2 pts who were readmitted (For omental evisceration in 1 pt and sub hepatic hematoma in 1), complications were limited to minor complaints. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe procedure in the hands of a skilled surgeon who is aware of anatomic variations and is always prepared to liberally convert the operation to an open cholecystectomy
H Marzban, B Nasroallahzadeh, M Akbari, M Toobak, A Dehpoor, A Fazel, N Salsabili, H Raflghdust,
Volume 56, Issue 1 (30 1998)
Abstract
Disodium hemiphthalate Glycyrrhetinic acid (DHGA) possesses anti-inflammatory and analgestic activities. In our research, this agent was injected intraperitoneally to mice, according to the following schedule.
1) 25 mg/kg, 50mg/kg & 75mg/kg at 7th day of pregnancy.
2) 50 mg/kg & 75mg/kg at 8th day of pregnancy.
3) 50mg/kg & 75mg/kg at 9th day of pregnancy.
DHGA with doses of 50mg/kg and 75mg/kg at 7th, 8th and 9th day, delays the growth, decreases developing of ossification centers (specially in hand and foot middle phalanxes), decreases the number of caudal vertebrae of sacro-illiac joint and results in slight but important increases in fetus mortality.
Abbreviations
H & E=Haematoxylin & Eosin
CRL=Crown-Rump Length
BPD=Biparietal Diameter
W=Weight
ETS=Embryo Toxicity Score
F Shirvani, N Khosroshahi,
Volume 56, Issue 1 (30 1998)
Abstract
Perinatal mortality rate is an import health index. In this study, we have attempted to determine the causes and rate of perinatal mortality, in 18885 randomly selected newborns, in all the obstetrics and delivery centers of Tehran, during one year (1994-1995). The mortality rate was approximately 21/1.000. Cesarean section was performed in 42.2%, and vaginal delivery in 57.8% of cases. Prematurity was observed in 11.3% and 8.4% weighted less than 2500 gr (low birth weight : LBW). Perinatal mortality was significantly more frequent in the presence of prematurity (p = 0,000), LBW (p = 0.000), mothers who were older than 35 y (as compared to the 20-29 y age group p = 0.01), high parity (> 5 p = 0.00001), and high gravida (> 5 p = 0.04), low educational level (less than high school diploma p = 004), twin or multiple pregnancies (p = 0.000), congenital malformations (p = 0.000), low Apgar score (< 4 in 1 and 5 p = 0.000), and in the absence of perinatal care (p - 0.000 002)
Z Noroozi , N Khosroshahi ,
Volume 56, Issue 3 (1 1998)
Abstract
Febrile seizure is the most frequent type of seizure in childhood occurring in 2-4% of children under the age of 5. Although pathogenesis of seizure following fever is not well understood, multiple risk factors are known to contribute to its precipitation. One of the possible risk factors which had not been mentioned yet in reference texts and still is in the research phase is a serum sodium level below the normal limits which specially plays a role in the recurrence of febrile seizure. In this descriptive retrospective study records of 400 in-patients cases of primary episodes of febrile seizure in Bahrami children hospital in the years of 1996-1997 were reviewed. 214 (53.5%) cases had serum sodium levels of <135 m.mol/L. The mean serum sodium level for all the cases was 135.28±4.65 m.mol/L which is considerly less than the serum sodium level of 140±0.8 m.mol/L seen in healthy children. There was no significant difference in serum sodium levels different sex and age groups in this patient population
B Nasrollahzadeh , M Shamshiry , M Safari , B Minaee , H Marzban ,
Volume 57, Issue 3 (8 1999)
Abstract
With the intention of research about culture and autologus graft of epithelial tissue we used 4 french Albino Rabbits with an average age of 2 months. After reproduction on the support in EMEM (Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium) we used this for graft after 4 weeks. This region which grafted total replaced. After fixation of this sample and passing them through various process, histological sections were prepared. These sections were stained with H & E and masson's trichrome and studied by light microscope. We succeeded in graft. We hope in the near future by using the method of epithelium tissue culture improving to treat burned patients.
Sr Mir Damadi , G Setoodeh , F Siasi , Sa Keshavarz ,
Volume 58, Issue 1 (6 2000)
Abstract
Relationships among lipids, hormones and anthropometric indices of patients in a reproductive endocrinology outpatient clinic were investigated. Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to their hirsutism score (Hirsute score>=8, N=102 And non-hirsute score<8, N=83). Weight (Wt), height (Ht), waist (W) and hip (H) circumferences were measured in all women and serum levels of lipids, hormones and glucose were determined in about one half of them. Hirsute women were heavier and had higher waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio, increased LDL and decreased progesterone levels (In all cases, P<0.04). In 26 subjects with a high serum androgen level (Testosterone, and"or androstenedione and/or DHEAS) there was a significant correlation between triglyceride and testosterone levels (P<0.02). Multiple regression analysis showed that WHR was an independent variable for cholesterol and LDL Age for triglyceride Glucose for HDL And androstenedione for the LDL/HDL ratio. It is concluded that altered blood lipid profiles in women with hirsutism and"or hyperandrogenism may be the result of obesity, testosterone or androstenedione blood levels.
Toogheh Gh, Sadredini M, Keihani M, Sharifian Ra, Sefati Sr,
Volume 59, Issue 4 (9 2001)
Abstract
Many studies have shown the clinical importance of CD7 expression in AML patients. To evaluate the clinical importance and response to chemotherapy in CD7 positive AML, this study was conducted. From the patients, 76 cases were studied during 3 years. In 3 years of this study 70.5 percent of CD7 positive and 89.6 percent of CD7 negative patients achieved complete remission with no significant difference between these two groups (P=0.11). We concluded that despite no importance of expression of this antigen in our patients, prevalence of CD7 positive cases in our study in higher than similar studies done abroad (52.6 percent versus 30 percent). It seems in respect of small number of our patients for evaluation of clinical and laboratory properties, larger study is needed.
Aslani J, Ghaneei M, Khosravi L ,
Volume 60, Issue 6 (15 2002)
Abstract
Introduction: Occupational exposure to carbon, silica, and quartz, particles are known predisposing factors for bronchial anthracosis. In some cases bronchoscopy may reveal anthracosis infection to be associated with mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods: In a prospective study, from 1999 and 2001, 919 patients underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy for pulmonary diseases.
Results: Of these, 96 patients had some evidence of anthracosis infection. Twenty-six (27%) of these patients had positive smears or cultures for mycobacterium tuberculosis and only eight (8.3%) patients with positive history of occupational exposure. In the other 70 patients 29 had previous occupational exposure, and 41 stated no previous exposure.
Conclusion: Our findings show a significant association of tuberculosis with anthracosis however further studies are needed to document an etiologic relationship.
Fahimi D, Khosroshahi N, Al Hossein S M, Amin Nejad M, Ansari M,
Volume 61, Issue 6 (15 2003)
Abstract
Acute Pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most common bacterial infections seen in children that may lead to renal scarring. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an important risk factor of renal damage but not the only one.
Materials and Methods: In order to determine the association between dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphic and voiding cystourethrographic findings, a retrospective study was performed on 50 children (100 renal units) with APN that had been admitted to Bahrami Hospital from 1995 through 1998. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and DMSA scan were performed in all patients within 1 to 2 weeks after termination of treatment and a second scan was performed 6 months later in patients whose kidneys showed cortical defects in the first one. The grade of reflux was based on international reflux classification (I-V). The DMSA scans were considered abnormal if one or more areas of decreased cortical uptake were noted (cortical defect). The scar was defined as persistence of these defects in the second scan. DMSA cortical defect and VUR were demonstrated in 42 (42%) and 26 (26%) of renal units respectively.
Results: Fourteen out of 26 renal units (54%) with reflux had cortical defects and 28 out of 74 renal units (38%) without reflux had cortical defects (P=0.15). Permanent renal scarring was noted in 25/ 42 of renal units (62 %) in second scan.
Conclusion: It seems that VCUG alone is insufficient as a screening modality to identity those kidneys at risk of damage and DMSA scan may provide additional information about this.
M Khosravi , S.a Keshavarz , M Hoseini ,
Volume 63, Issue 1 (5 2005)
Abstract
Background, Materials and Methods: In order to evaluation the newborn’s nutrintional status in Bojnoard, 566 healty, Single full term newborn were examined. In this examination, the indicators of weight for age, height for age, weight for height and head circumference for age in the beginning of birth were calculated and compared to National Center of Health Statistics Standards (NCHS), with making use of fifth percentile of reference society for malnutrition edge, was specified that, nutritional status in above newborn’s is better than reference society’s newborns. Results&Conclusion: The data analysis of this research showed that between mother’s near delivery weight (P = 0.037) and mother’s nutritional attitude (P= 0.004) and numbers of family( P = 0.006 ) with height for age, between newborn’s sex (P= 0.004), mother’s age(P= 0.038), mother’s near delivery weight(P = 0.042) and mother’s nutritional practice during pregnancy (P= 0.041) with weight for height and between mother’s age (P= 0.043), mother’s near delivery weight (P= 0.048), mother’s height (P= 0.025), mother’s nutritional knowledge (P = 0.046) with head circumference for age, there is significant statistic connection. Also there was a weak statistic connection between newborn’s nutritional status and grade of birth (P= 0.09), but there is no significant meaningful connection between wanted or unwanted newborn and mother’s nutritional knowledge.
N Nokhostin-Ansari, M.r Hadian, H Bagheri, S Naghdi, Sh Jalaei , T. Khosravian-Arab,
Volume 64, Issue 2 (30 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Spasticity is a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex. The measurement of spasticity is necessary to determine the effect of treatments. The Modified Ashworth Scale is the most widely used method for assessing muscle spasticity in clinical practice and research. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrater reliability of Modified Ashworth Scale in hemiplegic patients.
Materials and Methods: Thirty subjects (16 males, 14 females) with a mean age of 59.40 (SD =14.013) recruited. Shoulder adductor , elbow flexor , wrist dorsiflexor , hip adductor , knee extensor and ankle plantarflexor on the hemiplegic side were tested by two physiotherapists.
Results: In the upper limb, the interrater reliability for shoulder adductor and elbow flexor muscles was fair (0.372 and 0.369, respectively). The reliability for the wrist flexors was good (0.612). The difference in Kappa value for the proximal muscle (shoulder adductor 0.372) and the distal muscle (wrist flexor 0.612) was significant (²X=33.87, df=1, p<0.05). In the lower limb, the reliability for the hip adductor was fair (0.350), but for the knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor was moderate (0.518 and 0.542, respectively). The Kappa value for the proximal muscle (hip adductor: 0.350) and distal muscle (ankle plantar flexor0.542) had no significant difference (²X =1.35, df=1, p >0.05). The mean value for the upper limb (0.505) and the lower limb (0,.516) was not significantly different (²X=0.1407, df=1, p>0.05).
Conclusion: The interrater reliability of Modified Ashworth Scale was not good . The limb, upper or lower, had no significant effect on the reliability. In the upper limb, the reliability for the proximal and distal muscle was significantly different. However. The difference in the lower limb was not significant.When using the scale, one should consider it&aposs limitation.
M Hajiabdolbaghi, A.a Amirzargar, M Khaledi, F Khosravi, M Rasoolinejad, Z Ahmadinejad, A Soodbakhsh, S Gafari, B Ansaripoor , B Nikbin,
Volume 64, Issue 2 (30 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The better understanding of immunopathologic mechanism of tuberculosis (TB) is necessary for the production of new vaccines and adjunctive immunomodulator drugs. Intended to this object, the following study including the measurement of serum concentrations of Th1 (Interferon (IFN)-y and interkeukin (IL)-2 and Th2 cytokines(IL-4AND IL-10 ) in patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB and comparisons of them with PPpositive healthy persons, was designed.
Materials and Methods: The HIV-negative patients that had sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB as defined WHO criteria and hospitalized in the infectious diseases ward of Imam Khomeini hospital or referred to health care centers in the south of Tehran, were included in the study. The PPD-positive healthy persons who were close contacts with pulmonary TB patients, were considered as control group.
Results: In this research 34 active pulmonary TB patients (including17men and 17 woman)and 23 healthy persons with PPD skin test results or = 10mm (including 12men and 11 woman) were studied. The mean ages of the patients and the healthy persons were 73 and 41 years and 74 and 27 years, respectively. The mean serum IFN-Y concentration was significantly higher in TB patients but the mean serum IL-2 IL-4and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher in healthy persons. The com parison of the mean serum levels of these cytokines before and during treatment (about 2 months after starting treatment) showed that the amounts of IFN-y and IL4 were increased and the amounts of IL2 and IL-10 were decreased but only the changes of IL-10 were statistically significant. There were no effect on the cytokine changes before and during treatment by age and gender of the patients.
Conclusion: The results of the study of serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines in pulmonary TB patients were different in comparison with the results of the studies of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with M.tuberculosis antigens. SO, the simultaneous measurement of them in serum, pleural fluid, BAL fluid and the medium culture of PBMCs stimulated with the antigens is recommended.
M. Khosravi, M. Ghaheryfar, A. Monfared,
Volume 64, Issue 4 (1 2006)
Abstract
Background: The etiology of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in every community differ according to genetic, nutrition, and public health status. ESRD,the terminal stage of chronic renal failure,needs replacement therapy otherwise could lead to death. The aim of the study is to determine the relative frequency of ESRD etiology in hemodialysis patients of Gilan province.
Methods:This descriptive study was performed on 407 patients who were being hemodialysis in all hemodialysis centers of the Gilan province from September 2002 to September 2003. The original data was collected from the medical records of patients.
Results: The most prevalent causes were: hypertension 35.4% unknown etiology 16.2% diabetes melitus 13.8% , glomerulopathies 9.6% , urologic causes 9.1%, cystic kidney diseases 7.6 % other causes 5.9 % congenital 2.5%.
Conclusion: In our study hypertension was the first etiology of ESRD, followed by unknown causes, however nephrology textbooks indicate diabetes melitus as the primary and hypertension as the secondary etiology of ESRD,.
Kassra Karvandian, Afshin Jafarzadeh, Asgar Hagipur,
Volume 64, Issue 6 (3 2006)
Abstract
Background: percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy was invented by ciaglia in 1985. With advent of various instruments, various methods such as Fantoni, Grigges and etc, it became a widesepreadly used method of tracheostomy, especially in intensive care unit wards. In our country this was began in 2005, along with many work shops conducted by anesthesiology department of Tehran University of Medical sciences, with help of specialist from Turin University from ITALY.
Case report: In this report two patients who underwent percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy are presented, and are compared with patients who had undergo surgical tracheostomy. Their long and short term complications such as bleeding, injury extents, and recovery was studied and presented.
Conclusion: Tracheostomy is an opening in front of neck, in to the trachea, through which breathing is made possible. Percutaneous Dilatational Ttracheostomy (PDT) is a method of tracheostomy, in which the need for surgery and transfer of patient to operation room is alleviated. Dispite various benefits, PDT has a few short term and long term drawbacks, which are cartilage fracture, injury to vital structures, perforation of posterior wall, sever bleeding displacement of tube, tracheo-esophageal fistula and trache-oinnominate fistula. Incidence of these complications are lower than surgical tracheostomy. Global reports, especialllly from countries with large scale experiences present a different statistic regarding its success as an alternative method for patients with long surveillance and under mechanical ventilation.
Baniaghil S, Sarafnejad A, Amirzargar A, Khosravi F, Ansaripour B, Moradi B, Dorkhosh S, Nikbin B,
Volume 64, Issue 11 (7 2006)
Abstract
Background: The outcome of acute hepatitis B infection may be influenced by host genetic factors like human leukocyte antigen (HLA). To investigate the association between the HLA-DRB, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles and chronic hepatitis B infection, 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B (based on 6 months positive of HBsAg and HBc antibody and HBeAg and antibody by serological test), were selected from Turkman population in north east of Iran .Allele frequency in patients were compared with a 65 aged and sex match control group from healthy blood donor of that ethnic population.
Methods: HLA DRB, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles were determined using polymerase chain reaction based on sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method. Allele frequencies in patients and control subjects were compared by Epi-info statistical soft-wear.
Results: There was a significant increase and positive association in HLA-DRB1*0301, DQA1*0501 and DQB1*0604 allele frequency in patients group while the frequency of HLA-DRB1*1301, 1501 and DQB1*0401 and DQA1*0401, 0102 were lower in patients than control group and shows negative association.
Conclusion: In Iranian Torkman population, HLA DRB1*0301, DQA1*0501 and DQB1*0604 have an important role in susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B infection and HLA DRB1*1301, 1501, DQB1*0401 are associated with protection to chronic hepatitis B infection. Larger case control studies may be helpful to confirm our investigation.
Sarrafzadeh J, Ebrahimi Takamjani A, Khosravi A, Haery F, Seyed Hosseini L,
Volume 64, Issue 12 (6 2006)
Abstract
Background: There is considerable professional debate over which technique is the best for lifting. The aim of this study is to compare three static lifting styles, the stoop, semi-squat and arm lift, using maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) as one indicator for recommending a lifting style.
Methods: Thirty healthy women (mean age: 22.37 years) participated in this quasi-experimental study. They performed the tests in static postures by standing on the platform of the Lift TrackTM and pulling the dynamometer of the instrument with maximum effort in three lifting styles: the stoop, semi-squat and arm lift. The subjects warmed-up by practicing the lifts first. The mean MIVC from the two other sets of lifts were used for statistical analysis by repeated measurements and SPSS (ver.10) software.
Results: There were significant differences between the MIVC of the three lifting styles in this study. The largest MIVC was for the semi-squat lift and was the least was for the arm lift (p<0.001). The MIVC of the stoop lift was larger than that of the arm lift (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The largest MIVC for the semi-squat lift suggests that this style is useful for lifting objects from the floor. The differences in biomechanical and muscle pattern activity changes could explain these results. It seems that activation of the quadriceps muscles in the semi-squat lift was a main factor for producing more MIVC, so when this style is recommended for lifting, attention to the power of the quadriceps is important.
Moghtadaei M, Malekpoor S, Farahini H, Khosravi A,
Volume 66, Issue 10 (4 2009)
Abstract
Background: Pin loosening and infection in skeletal traction are important problems in orthopedic surgery and methods which are usually used to manage these problems, are costly and sometimes complicated. In this study, the efficacy of using cast support in infection and loosening of proximal tibial pin was investigated.
Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 60 patients referring to Rasul-e- Akram hospital from 1383 to 1384, who needed to have proximal tibial pin for at least one month, were studied. All patients were treated with oral antibiotic until 24 hours after pin insertion. Depending on using cast support or not, they were randomly categorized into two groups (30, 30). The rate of pin loosening and infection between these two groups were compared.
Results: In the group without cast support infection rate was about %26.7 while this rate was %13.3 in the group with cast support, which means no significant difference (.33). In addition, although the rate of loosening in the group without cast support was more than the other group, it had no statistical meaning. (%20 compared with %10, p= 0.47)
Conclusions: Cast support doesn't affect the rate of pin loosening and pin site infection. However, considering correct technique for pin insertion including prevention of thermal injury and local hematoma is very important. Therefore, the use of cast support is an optional choice up to surgeons' preference.
Haji Nasrollah E, Alavi Sh, Mousavian Sa,
Volume 66, Issue 11 (3 2009)
Abstract
Background: Hydatid cyst is a zoonosis rarely occurred except in endemic areas that capable of making pulmonary cavities fascilating fungus growth within it. Aspergillo-ma is a glob formed by hyphae from saprophyte growth of aspergillous specious in previously performed cavities within pulmonary parenchyma.
Case report: A 28 years old male patient without any comorbidity presented in emergency department with progressive two month dyspnea. Tube thoracostomy is done because of respiratory distress and massive hydropneumothorax. Thoracotomy and lobectomy is performed due to complicated hydatid cyst. Histopathologic investigation reveals hydatid cyst layers with fungal hyphae within it on granulomatous background.
Conclusion: Hydatid cyst with fungal contamination must be mentioned in differentials of dyspnea with lower segment lung cavities, especially in endemic areas. Thoracic CT scan with IV contrast can reveal fungus ball. Surgery is a treatment of choice and capitonage can be a prophylactic measure from secondary fungal infection in hydatid cyst surgery.
