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Ranking the factors affecting the care and provision of health services to patients in medical centers using the VIKOR dempster-shafer method: a brief report
Mahsa Salehinejad Gilchalan , Mehdi Sadeghzadeh,
Volume 79, Issue 12 (March 2022)
Abstract
Background: Determining the rank of important parameters in ranking health care and providing health services to patients in medical centers.
Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of classification. The data is from the database of the Faculty of Health and Medicine of the University of Tehran, which was collected as an archive from April 1998 to May 1999. The statistical population were all experts, specialists and experts of the Faculty of Health 29 of whom completed the questionnaire. The weight of the criteria was evaluated using the AHP method and in the next stage, the medical centers were ranked using the DS-VIKOR method. The analysis method in this study consists of the following steps steps:
• Implementing a simple VIKOR method.
• Implementing the Dempster-Shafer and Vicker method.
• Implementing the AHP method
• Implementation of the Topsis method.
• Comparing the proposed methods to review and compare which ones work best.
Results: The weight of medical centers was assessed by AHP method and then the combined centers were ranked by Dempster-Shafer and VIKOR combined methods  using the information of four medical centers, the DS-Vikor approach was implemented. The purpose of six criteria and three experts was used for evaluation. The results show that the effectiveness of care and treatment process is more important from the experts' point of view. Dempester-Schaefer and Vicor The medical centers in question are ranked. For validation, at the end, the medical centers were ranked by TOPSIS method.
The integrated system includes various subsystems giving caring and providing health services to patients in medical centers that can be built and configured and are ranked.
The model can investigate the effectiveness of giving caring and providing health services to patients in medical centers.
Conclusion: By combining the two methods of Dempster-Shafer and Vicker, the confidence in the whole uncertainty is improved and the results are more reliable. This approach can help reduce the uncertainty caused by people's cognition to increase the level of decision-making, allowing us to overcome the problem of choosing the right level of uncertainty and to deal with uncertainty in a practical and justified way.

The impact of selenium and astaxanthin on sperm parameters and sensory-motor function recovery in spinal cord injured rats
Parviz Shahabi, Jalal Abdolalizadeh, Shirin Hasanpour, Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei , Soheila Bani,
Volume 82, Issue 2 (May 2024)
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a significant medical and social issue, leading to varying degrees of sensory and motor impairments. Most men experience sexual dysfunction and fertility problems. These issues can be partially attributed to pathophysiological mechanisms, including damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Targeted antioxidant therapy can significantly reduce oxidative stress and neuro inflammation. This study sought to examine the impact of selenium and astaxanthin on sperm parameters and the recovery of sensory-motor function in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: This experimental study utilized the rat animal model and was carried out at the Neuroscience Research Center Laboratory of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from December 30, 2022, to November 27, 2023. Fifty adults male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups of ten: control, sham, SCI, selenium-supplemented, and astaxanthin-supplemented. Except for the control and sham groups, spinal cord injury was induced in all other groups. Six weeks after the injury and upon completion of the treatment, the effects of selenium and astaxanthin supplementation on sperm parameters and spinal cord repair were assessed. The Basso, Beattie, and Brenham (BBB) scale was employed to evaluate motor function, while the Von Frey test was utilized to assess sensory status.
Results: A considerable rise in sperm concentration was noted in both the selenium-fed group and the astaxanthin-fed group when compared to the spinal cord injury group (P=0.001). Supplementation with selenium and astaxanthin improved sperm concentration, progressive motility, and viability, bringing these parameters close to control levels (P<0.001). However, neither of these substances had an effect on abnormal sperm morphology (P>0.05). Both selenium and astaxanthin supplementation enhanced the motor and sensory functions of the injured rats (P<0.001), with selenium showing a greater role in promoting repair compared to astaxanthin (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Selenium and astaxanthin supplements improved sperm parameters, except for sperm morphology, and were effective in enhancing motor and sensory functions after spinal cord injury. Selenium was found to be more effective than astaxanthin in promoting spinal cord repair.

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