M Kadivar , S Salmanzadeh,
Volume 57, Issue 2 (8 1999)
Abstract
Sepsis is the systemic response to severe infection in critically ill patients. Sepsis, septic syndrome & septic shock represent the increasingly severe stages of the same disease. Despite the remarkable improvements in outcome, sepsis & septic shock remain an important cause of morbidity & mortality in children. This is a retrospective study among the patients who were admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Children's Hospital Medical Center from Farvardin 1371 till Esfand 1375. During this period 4018 children were admitted in the PICU, 138 of these patients (3.4%) had the initial diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock. The age of these patients were from 3 months to 14 years (mean of 23.5 months). The male to female ratio was 2.1:1. Out of these 138 patients only 16 cases (11.6%) had sepsis and the others (88.4%) had criterias of severe sepsis or septic shock. Multiple Organ Dysfunction (MOD) were found in 96 cases (69.3%). Diarrhea was the most common primary disease that resulted in sepsis or septic shock. Only 20.3% of the cultures were positive, among which E-Coli was the most in 8.7%, Staphylococcus aureus in 5.7%, Klebsiella in 2.9% and pseudomonas in 1.4%. 66.7% of these patients expired, the mortality rates of the patients with severe sepsis or septic shock that concommitantely had MOD were higher than the other (P<0.0005). So it may be better if children with clinical diagnosis of sepsis be hospitalized in an intensive care unit or at minimum in a facility that can closely monitor these patients during the initial stabilization period.
Reza Beiranvand , Shahnaz Ghalavandi , Ali Delpisheh , Kourosh Sayemiri , Shokrollah Salmanzadeh ,
Volume 72, Issue 4 (July 2014)
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is still one of the main causes of mortality and disability in developing countries. Despite of socio-economic development of communities and controlling majority of communicable diseases, With respect to importance and high incidence of Tuberculosis in marginal provinces, the present study was aimed to assess the epidemiology of Tuberculosis.
Methods: In this Descriptive-Analytical Retrospective Study, documents of 6363 patients diagnosed with TB in the beginning of March 2005 to the end of the September 2012 in Khuzestan province, Iran, by used census sampling size, were used. Demographic variables and other necessity data were recorded by TB-Register software and then these data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software and Chi-square and independent t-tests with a significance level of less than 5%. For comparison Tuberculosis incidence in consecutive years used by Poisson tests (with a significance level of less than 5%).
Results: mean age of patients and median age of patients were 39.3±18 and 35±6.5 years, for women mean age was older 2.1 years than men and there was significant relationship to age (P=0.0001). Of all patients 75.7% were pulmonary tuberculosis, 2.7% were infected with HIV and 91.2% were new cases. Cumulative incidence in province was 148.84/100,000. Most prevalent in Non-pulmonary TB was Lymphatic glands. Poisson test showed that changing trends of TB incidence in study years was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Increasing concurrent of HIV infection and TB and decreasing patients mean age (39.3±18) and median (35±6.5) in southwest of Iran has high prevalence. Screening, training and preventive activities for controlling of disease is highly recommended for the whole country and in margin provinces in particular.
