Showing 10 results for Sedaghat
Sedaghat Siahkal M, Nojoomi M, Kamali M, Tavajjohi Sh, Kashfi F,
Volume 61, Issue 5 (15 2003)
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of sub-fertility in Tehran (Iran).
Materials and Methods: The survey method was descriptive- Interview in 22 Municipal district (Iran) and a representative sample of women who were in their fertility age (25-45) were selected. After exclusion of 13 cases not meeting age criteria and 190 non-respondent cases 1987 remained.
Results: For this large city with a population of about seven million at the time of the study, we estimated the cumulative incidence of sub-fertility in 2001 to be 12.6% (95% confidence interval 11.2-14.1%). About 2.8% of this population was left with an unresolved infertility.
Conclusion: Between 11.2-14.1% of population of couples in Tehran experienced subfertility in their life and about 2.8% had unresolved infertility this must arise serious consideration to health programmer in Iran.
Behjati Ardakani S, Nikkhah A, Sedaghat M,
Volume 65, Issue 3 (2 2007)
Abstract
Background: Kernicterus, also known as bilirubin encephalopathy, is a neurologic syndrome resulting from the deposition of unconjugated bilirubin in the basal ganglia and brainstem nuclei. Indirect bilirubin is toxic for brain. Neurologic dysfunction (BIND) that include acute phase (hyperbilirubin encephalopathy) and chronic phase (Kernicterus) resulting from hyperbilirubinemia and disruption of blood brain barrier. In this study, the association between bilirubin encephalopathy and risk factors was evaluated.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 312 icteric neonates were admitted in the neonatal ward of Children's Hospital, Medical Center, Tehran, and 305 of these cases were evaluated. Patient histories were taken and physical examinations were performed. For each patient, the age, sex, birth weight, time of discharge from the hospital and risk factors were recorded, and a questionnaire was completed.
Results: In this study, of the 305 icteric neonates evaluated, 25 cases had kernicterus. Risk factors included acidosis, prematurity, hemolysis, hypoglycemia, sepsis, respiratory distress, low birth weight, ABO incompatibility and G6PD deficiency. The mean level of bilirubin in cases of kernicterus was 32 mg/dl and in the others was 20 mg/dl (p=0.001). Kernicterus was most common among high risk neonates (p<0.001). Birth weight less than 2,500 gm was also an important factor (p=0.04).
Conclusion: High-risk neonates need prompt treatment for hyperbilirubinemia compared to low risk neonates.
Asle Soleymani H, Saeei F, Sedaghat M, Meshkani Z S,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (Vol 65, Supplement 1 2008)
Abstract
Background: This study attempts to examine the relationship between several
dismension of organization climate and medical facutly's job satisfaction in Tehran
University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: A survey composed of demographic items and job satisfaction indexes were
mailed to a stratified random samples of medical faculties (n= 405).
Results: The overall response rate was 45.1%.
Conclusion: The study indicates that score of job satisfaction was 56.5 with SD= 16.96.
In general 47.4% of the medical faculties were highly satisfied.
A significant statistical correlation have been found between sex (p= 0.008),
administrative position (p= 0.044), faculty rank (p= 0.007), marital status (p= 0.001),
employment status (p= 0.003) and job satisfaction.
The findings of this survey have implications for university administrative.
Farshi S, Sedaghat M, Meysamie A, Abdollahi E,
Volume 65, Issue 14 (Vol 65, Supplement 2 2008)
Abstract
Background: a number of factors such as socio-demographic and socioeconomic status have
emerged as being associated with smoking. The main goal of the present study was to
identify the relationship of socio-demographic factors and cigarette smoking, and to
determine the indicators of smoking status in a community based case-control study.
Methods: Using the random multistage cluster sampling method on the basis of family list
kept in the health center, a head cluster was selected, and 25 clusters of 10 members each
were chosen. One member was selected from each family to fill the questionnaire. The
neighborhood method was used for selection of controls. The socio-demographic
characteristics was assessed by a self administered questionnaire. Data analysis was
performed using SPSS V-11.5 software. Logistic regression was used to assess the association
of age, sex, marital status, family size, number of close friends, number of smoking friends,
and presence of smokers in the family with smoking status.
Results: The mean smoking consumption of smokers in this study was 14.6 per day. The
mean age of smoking initiation was 18.6 years. Fifty percent of people initiated smoking at
ages less than 18. The mean years of education were significantly higher in nonsmokers. A
significant inverse relationship exists between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and
educational levels. The positive association between number of cigarette smoked per day and
age was found (OR=1.2, CI 95% 1.07-1.4). Number of smoking friends in smokers were
significantly more than in nonsmokers. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, and number
of smoking friends, could be predictors of smoking status. The association between sex,
marital status, family size, and education with smoking status were not significant.
Conclusions: This study revealed the association between several socio-demographic factors
with smoking status. Antismoking strategies for adults tend to emphasize smoking cessation,
preventing smoking initiation is also important during young adulthood. Anyway,
educational interventions are highly suggested.
Meshkani Z.s, Sedaghat M, Afshin A,
Volume 65, Issue 14 (Vol 65, Supplement 2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Surgery operations are the fearful events among all other medical procedures.
This fear causes anxiety and stress which affects the outcome of treatments, recovery from
surgery and some maladaptive behaviors. To cope with surgery worries and minimize the
fear, it is important to study these fears and its associated factors. This study attempts to
explore the surgery worries and the associated factors among Iranian high school adolescents.
Methods: To measure surgery worries, high school adolescents of age 11-15 completed the
Child Worries Questionnaire (CPCI) adolescent form, and also answered the questions about
the 14 independent variables (sex, age, parents education and occupation, previous
hospitalization experience of child and immediate family and friends, number of
hospitalization during Child’s life long, previous surgery experience of child and her or his
immediate families, death of close friends in hospital). Multivariate regression method was
used for statistical analysis to determine the effective factors.
Results: The results of this study showed that the Iranian Adolescents have most worries
about the “Not being able to do the same things as before” and least worries about “What I
will feel during the anesthesia”. The factors associated with Surgery worries are parent’s
education (P=.021 for father and 0.049 for mother), adolescent previous experience and
number of hospitalizations (P=0.025 and P=0.008, respectively), the number of previous
hospitalizations (P=.003), previous experience of hospitalization of immediate family and
friends (P=0.035). The findings of this study have implications for parents, family, hospitals’
staff and care given.
Conclusions: It seems, according to the findings of this study, there should be a special
educational program for children who are going to be operated in a hospital ward to reduce
their worriships.
Mojtaba Sedaghat , Arash Rashidian , Seyed Davood Hosseini ,
Volume 71, Issue 6 (September 2013)
Abstract
Background: The request for lumbosacral MRI in Iran based on previous studies is high (almost half of all MRI cases), so, our study is concerned with investigating the necessity of lumbosacral MRI request in patients with low back pain that is covered by complementary health insurance in Tehran through comparing MRI practice with valid guidelines.
Methods: Information of 274 complementary insured patients at Dana Insurance Company in Tehran, who had undergone low back MRI was studied. A portion of information in the questionnaire including age, sex, the physician’s field of specialty, and MRI report, was derived from the medical records. Other information based on guidelines indications, including duration of the prolonged back pain, record of associated infection, malignancy or trauma, saddle anesthesia, lower limb motor deficit and incontinence of urine or feces, was elicited from patients orally.
Results: Males represented 35% and females 65% of patients. Also, males were on average 10 years younger than females. Over 90% of MRI scans were requested by three fields of specialty (orthopedic, neurosurgery and neurology). Considering the indications of lumbar spine MRI request (prolonged back pain of more than one month duration, incontinence of urine or feces, lower limb motor deficit, saddle anesthesia, recent related trauma, infection and malignancy), approximately 20% of lumbar spine MRI scans were prescribed in accordance with guidelines.
Conclusion: Out of every five cases of lumbar spine MRI, four cases were not requested based on guidelines, suggesting needs for local guideline design and revising the manner in which MRI scans are prescribed for low back pain in complementary health insured patients in Tehran.
Atefeh Mahmoudi , Mehri Kadkhodaee , Fereshteh Golab , Atefeh Najafi , Zahra Sedaghat , Parisa Ahghari ,
Volume 71, Issue 8 (November 2013)
Abstract
Background: Several studies indicate that gender differences exist in tolerance of the kidney to ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Recently, postconditioning (POC), induction of brief repetitive periods of IR, has been introduced to reduce the extent of the damage to the kidney. This method was shown to attenuate renal IR injury by modifying oxidative stress and reducing lipid peroxidation. Considering the gender effect on the results of several treatment methods, in this study, we investigated the impact of gender on the protective effect of POC on the rat kidney.
Methods: In this study, after right nephrectomy, 48 male and female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 8 rats: In IR group, with the use of bulldog clamp, 45 minutes of left renal artery ischemia was induced followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. In the sham group, all of the above surgical procedures were applied except that IR was not induced. In the POC group, after the induction of 45 minutes ischemia, 4 cycles of 10 seconds of intermittent ischemia and reperfusion were applied before restoring of blood to the kidney. 24 hours later, serum and renal tissue samples were collected for renal functional monitoring and oxidative stress evaluation.
Results: Postconditioning attenuated renal dysfunction considering the significant decrease in plasma creatinine and BUN compared with IR group only in male rats (P<0.05). Also, POC attenuated oxidative stress in male rats’ kidney tissues as demonstrated by a significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P<0.05). In female rats, there were no changes in functional markers and oxidative stress status in POC group compared to IR group.
Conclusion: Considering gender difference, POC had protective effect against IR injury by attenuating functional and oxidative stress markers in male rat kidneys. This protective effect was not seen in female rats.
Asiyeh Sadat Zahedi , Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat , Sara Behnami , Fereidoun Azizi , Maryam Sadat Daneshpour ,
Volume 76, Issue 7 (October 2018)
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a combination of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Given that genetic factors have been shown to contribute to individual susceptibility to MetS, the identification of genetic markers for disease risk is essential. Recent studies revealed that rs780094 and rs1260326 of glucokinase regulatory gene (GCKR) are associated with serum triglycerides, plasma glucose levels and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of GCKR gene variants with metabolic syndrome and its components.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from April to August 2017. In this study, 8710 adults (3522 males and 5188 females), over 19 years, were randomly selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) population. Based on joint interim statement (JIS) criteria, the subjects were divided into two groups: case and control. Genotyping was performed by HumanOmniExpress-24 v1.0 BeadChips (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA).
Results: Allele frequencies were in conformity with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Comparisons of allele frequencies by the Chi-square test revealed that frequencies of TT genotype of both polymorphisms were significantly higher among patient group than healthy group. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, gender and CRP revealed that the GCKR polymorphisms (rs1260326: odds ratio 2.7, 95% CI 1.6-4.6, rs780094: odds ratio 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.2) were significantly associated with MetS. Frequency of TT genotype was more in persons who had C-reactive protein (CRP) levels above 3 mg/l. The minor T allele of both polymorphisms was significantly associated with increases in the blood serum concentration triglyceride and to a decrease in fasting plasma glucose levels.
Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that, rs780094 and rs1260326 common polymorphisms of the GCKR gene were associated with serum triglycerides levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome in a sample of the Tehranian population (TLGS), as it was already confirmed the inverse effect of this polymorphisms on triglycerides and glucose levels in previous studies.
Leila Pourali, Atiyeh Vatanchi , Arezoo Sedaghati, Farnaz Hadavi , Mohammad Taghi Rajabi Mashhadi,
Volume 79, Issue 12 (March 2022)
Abstract
Background: Sigmoid volvulus is a rare complication in pregnancy. The clinical presentation is similar to that of non-pregnant volvulus, although the symptoms can be masked by the enlarged uterus and physiological changes during pregnancy and it can be challenged and delayed in diagnosis and treatment. Delay in diagnosis can also lead to ischemia, necrosis and perforation of the intestine, which can have adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
Case Presentation: A primigravid woman with gestational age of 31 weeks was admitted to a 3rd level center with abdominal pain and abdominal distention. From the beginning of pregnancy, the patient complained of bloating and epigastric pain, And had used herbal medicine for defecation. The patient's constipation had worsened since six days before admission to the hospital. She had no vomiting and her general condition was good. Abdominal Supine X-rays were reported completely dilated sigmoid and she was treated with a possible diagnosis of ileus. Due to the progression of symptoms and abdominal distension, rectosigmoidoscopy was performed for her, and scattered mucosal erythema was seen. Discoloration of the purple mucosa was seen from a distance of about 35 cm from the annulus and the secretions inside the sigmoid lumen were seen as blood. Ischemic necrosis and sigmoid volvulus were strongly suggested for the patient and she was immediately transferred to the operating room. The abdomen was opened with a midline incision. A 30 weeks uterus was seen and sigmoid volvulus was confirmed. Detorsion and colostomy were done. Due to the unprepared intestine and the possibility of leakage from the site of anastomosis, sigmoidectomy was not performed. After 4 days, the patient was discharged in a good general condition and became a candidate for sigmoid colon resection after delivery.
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Conclusion: All abdominal signs and symptoms during pregnancy, especially in late pregnancy have a complex interpretation and management, due to the impossibility of accurate abdominal examination. The most important factors in the proper management of sigmoid volvulus in pregnancy are fast diagnosis and treatment, hydration and antibiotic therapy.
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Elena Lak , Eskandar Hajiani, Jalal Sayyah , Zeynab Hosseinpour , Alireza Sedaghat,
Volume 81, Issue 11 (February 2024)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is known to be linked with a high risk of liver stiffness in non-alcoholic fatty liver patients. Previous studies have faced challenges in examining the association between prediabetes and liver stiffness. This study aimed to compare liver fibrosis in diabetes and prediabetes patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients with diabetes and prediabetes who were referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz from March 2022 to March 2023. The study aimed to clear the relationship between liver stiffness and age, gender, BMI, AST, ALT, ALKP, Bilirubin, and the type of treatment. The normality of quantitative variables was checked using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The chi-square test examined two qualitative variables with more than two levels.
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Results: Out of the total participants, 53 people (63.9%) had diabetes, while 30 people (36.1%) had prediabetes. There was a significant difference between the mean severity of liver fibrosis in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients (P=0.014). The frequency of liver stiffness in all levels except in the group with mild or no fibrosis (F0-F1) was higher in diabetic than pre-diabetic patients. In both diabetes and prediabetes groups, there was no significant relationship between gender, age, BMI, ALT, and ALKP with liver fibrosis. However, there was a significant direct relationship between HbA1C% and liver fibrosis (P≥0.003) in both groups. In diabetic patients, a significant relationship between FBS and liver fibrosis was observed (P=0.001). In pre-diabetic patients, significant direct relationship was seen between the severity of liver fibrosis and AST levels (P=0.026).
Conclusion: Diabetic patients showed a higher severity of liver fibrosis compared to pre-diabetic patients. No statistically significant relationship was seen between liver fibrosis and age, sex, body mass index, ALT, and ALKP in both groups. Additionally, both diabetes and prediabetes groups showed significant relationship between liver fibrosis and HbA1C (P≥0.003). Prediabetes was also found to be associated with an elevated risk of liver fibrosis.
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