Showing 18 results for Soltan Dallal
Mm Soltan Dallal , M Chitsaz ,
Volume 54, Issue 1 (30 1996)
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitis causes a wide spectrum of human diseases including gasteroentritis, which is the most frequent of its manifestation. Other diseases and clinical syndromes resulting from Yersinia enterocolitica are septicemia, mesenteric lymphadenitis, apendisitis, exudative pharyngitis, reactive artiritis, nodosum erythema and rarely Reiter's syndrome. In many countries such as western European, Scandinavian and north American countries, Australia and Japan the role of Yersinia enterocolitica particularly the 0:3, 0:8 and 0:9 serotypes in human diseases have been clearly identified. In spite of significant development in the field of separating Yersinia enterocolitica from feces as well as from the environmental specimens during the last decade, there has been only one documented report of isolating Yersinia enterocolitica in Iran in 1977. Thus we decided to test 300 samples of feces within 5 months. In this method, CIN agar as a selective and special medium and Mac conkey agar as classic medium were used. Also cold enrichment method in PBS (pH=7.8) was used. In order to determine importance of enterocolitica, we separated other pathogens of intestine such as salmonella, shigella and entropathogenic E.Coli. The achieved results from abundance points of view are as follows: 17 strains of EPEC (5.66%), 9 strains of shigella (3%), 8 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica (2.66%) and 6 strains of salmonella (2%)
Memariani M, Pourmand Mr, Shirazi Mh, Soltan Dallal Mm, Abdossamadi Z, Mardani N,
Volume 67, Issue 4 (6 2009)
Abstract
Background: Clindamycin is a suitable antibiotic for treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. Moreover, it can suppress toxin production in many pathogenic bacteria such as S. aureus. There are two mechanisms of resistance in this antibiotic. Constitutive resistance can be detected by standard disk diffusion method but in the case of inducible resistance, D-test should be carried out. The main aim of this study is to determine prevalence of clindamycin inducible resistance among methicillin resistant and susceptible isolates of S. aureus isolated from different clinical samples.
Methods: A total of 87 clinical isolates from clinical samples were collected. Methicillin resistance was determined using standard disk diffusion method. Subsequently, D-test was carried out according to CLSI guideline. Presence of the sea gene (enterotoxin A) was detected by PCR using specific primers.
Results: Out of 87 isolates, 18(20.7%) were clindamycin inducible resistant while constitutive resistance was detected among 21(24.1%) isolates. The 95% Confidence intervals for the proportion of inducible clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of S. aureus was 12.2% to 29.2%. The inducible phenotype in MRSA isolates was more common than that of MSSA isolates (33.3% vs 5.1%).Significant differences were found between prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance and type of infection (p=0.045). Importantly, there was a significant correlation between sea gene and the constitutive/inducible resistance (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of clindamycin inducible resistance among clinical isolates of S. aureus, we recommend D-test to avoid treatment failure.
Eshraghi S, Salehipour Z, Pourmand Mr, Rahimi Forushani A, Zahraei Salehi Mt, Agha Amiri S, Bakhtyari R, Abedi Mohtasab Tp, Mardani N, Seyed Amiri S, Soltan Dallal Mm,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (7 2009)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major foodborne pathogen throughout the world. Enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 are important virulence factors and as pyrogenic toxin superantigens have profound effects on the ir host. Thus circulation of TSST1 producing S.aureus among people and food chain is a worrying issue. The present paper was conducted to study Prevalence of tst, entC, entA and entA/C genes in staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different foods.
Methods: Over 1040 food samples have been analyzed differentially according to Iran national standard (number= 1194) for S.aureus identification. After DNA extraction, PCR reactions were carried out by reference strain as positive control, adequate primers.
Results: At present study, prevalence of foodstuffs contaminated by S.aureus isolates was about 9.5% (100 strains). Of 25% of isolates producing entC, 28% (seven strains) had tst gene at the same time and of 8% of isolates producing entA, 12.5% (one strain) were positive for tst genes simultaneously. Altogether of 9% isolates producing combination of entC and entA, 44.4% (four strains) were also producer of tst gene.
Conclusion: Prevalence of TSST1 producing strains in combination with enterotoxin genes is considerable especially with entC and A plus C. On the other hand, circulation of these isolates in humans, animals, foods and environment has hazardous effect for general public health.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Yazdi Mh, Hassan Zm, Holakuyee M, Abedi Mohtasab Tp, Aminharaty F, Agha Amiri S, Mahdavi M,
Volume 67, Issue 11 (4 2010)
Abstract
Background: In according to immunomodulatory effect of probiotics and effect of these bacteria on the effectiveness of immune responses, at the present work we proposed the evaluation of oral administration of L.acidophilus on the immune statues in BALB/c mice bearing breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 30 In-bred BALB/c mices aged from six to eight weeks weighting 25-30g were randomly enrolled in our study, in two groups each consist of 15 mices. The L.acidophilus ATCC4356 strain used in this study was inoculated in MRS broth and cultivated for a day at 37°C under anaerobic conditions, collected by centrifugation and resuspend in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS). After preparation of proper amount of these suspensions it was orally administered to the mice with a gastric feeding, Control mices received an equal volume of PBS in duration of study.
Results: Results showed the increase in production of IFnγ (p<0.005), and decrease in production of Th2 cytokines such as IL4 (p=0.347) in the L.acidophilus administered mice in comparison to control group of mice. In addition the proliferation of immune cells in probiotic group was significantly higher than controls, and most importantly probiotic administered mice showed an increase in survival rate of this group compared to control mice (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Results of our study suggested that daily consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus can regulate immune responses skewed Th1 balance that is needed against tumor, further studies is needed to investigate the other mechanisms of this effect.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Fallah Mehrabadi J, Rastegar Lari A, Sabbaghi A, Eshraghian Mr, Fard Sanei A, Bakhtiari R, Hanafi Abdar M,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Beta- lactamase enzymes are the most important resistant factors to beta lactam antibiotics among gram negative bacteria. Nowadays, the prevalence of beta- lactamase infection is increasing worldwide and drawn the scientists attention as an important subject. Due to high prevalence of bacteria contained TEM beta lactamase and AmpC enzymes, using molecular methods especially designing universal primers could be valuable to detect all of them. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TEM and AmpC (Dha and MOX) beta- lactamase genes using universal primers.
Methods: A total of 500 clinical specimens from various Hospitals in Tehran, Iran were collected and analyzed for E. coli based on biochemical tests. These clinical specimens were also screened by Disk diffusion agar, combined disk method and PCR to detect the samples producing extended- spectrum beta- lactamase.
Results: Overall 200 isolates of Escherichia coli were collected from the 500 clinical specimens out of which 128(64%) isolates were positive by PCR assay and showed bla- TEM, bla- AmpC (Dha, MOX) genes, 74(57.8%) and 5(3.9%) to have bla- TEM and bla Dha, respectively. Mox gene was not detected in any of the specimens.
Conclusions: Our results revealed that using the molecular methods with phenotype methods is very essential for complete detection of Beta- lactamases. There is the need for updating the treatment protocol because the prevalence of this resistance is increasing.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mobasseri G, Mehrabadi Jf, Eshraghian Mr, Rastegar Lari A, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Sabbaghi A, Azarsa A,
Volume 69, Issue 1 (4 2011)
Abstract
Background: Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical isolates frequently results
from the production of β-lactamase enzymes. In recent years, the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamase have greatly increased, especially in clinically isolated Escherichia coli. On the other hand, beta lactamase genes have several subfamilies and designing universal primers could be valuable in their detection. The beta-lactamase-producing E. coli which is resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics may pose a great risk to the patients. The CTX-M-1 gene is responsible for beta lactamase resistance. The purpose of this study was to find the percentage of CTX-M-1 carrying E. coli strains.
Methods: A total of 500 urine samples were collected from different hospitals in Tehran, Iran during September to February 2009. The samples were cultured on EMB agar and incubated at 37 C for 24 hours. Some biochemical tests were carried out on
the isolated samples. The presence of CTX-M-1 gene was determined by PCR on the
isolates already identified phenotypically by disk diffusion agar and combined disks. Results: In general, 200 out of the initial 500 samples were identified as E. coli, among which 128 (79.5%) were ESBLs producing strains. PCR used for the detection of CTX-M-
1 gene, showed that 99 (77.34%) out of 128 isolates contained such gene.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high percentage of β-lactamase resistant E. coli strains. This is a serious matter and would pose a public hazard and every step should be taken to avoid such hazard.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Azarsa M, Shirazi Mh, Rastegar Lari A, Owlia P, Fallah Mehrabadi J, Sabbaghi A, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Shamkani F, Avadis Yans S, Mobasseri G, Bakhtiari R, Sharifi Yazdi Mk,
Volume 69, Issue 5 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Numerous use of Beta Lactame in treatment of bacterial infections resulted in increments of drug resistance of such bacteria. One of difficulties in treatment of hospital infections is Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among isolated clinical strains of E.coli. Since some of ESBL strains shows double reaction in drug sensitivity test at in vitro and in vivo condition, therefore it makes difficulties in selection of right treatment. In the last years, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent ESBLs in worldwide. The prevalence of ESBL types largely remains unknown in many parts of the Iran. This study was made to find the prevalence of ESBL-producing E.coli and molecular detection of CTX-M-1 in Tabriz.
Methods: In the present study, 400 urine samples collected between November 2009 and April 2010, from Tabriz Hospitals were studied. Out of the 400 samples, 188 E.coli isolates were detected by standard biochemical tests. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was tested to 10 antibiotics by the disk agar diffusion (DAD) method. ESBL production was screened by phenotypic test that included both separate and combined disk agar diffusion techniques. The screened isolates were investigated by PCR assay to detect CTX-M-1 gene.
Results: From the total 188 E.coli isolates, 82 (43.6%) were shown to produce ESBLs by phenotypic test. During the PCR method on the 82 isolates, 69 (84.1%) were confirmed as CTX-M-1 producing group.
Conclusion: The present study showed that CTX-M-producing isolates were increasing among E.coli strains and indicated the need for adequate susceptibility tests in laboratories for choosing the appropriate antibiotics for treatment.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Nikkhahi F, Khirkhah A, Molaei S, Hosseyni Sk, Rastegar Lari A, Rahimi Foroushani A, Khoshzaban A, Kalafi Z,
Volume 69, Issue 10 (5 2012)
Abstract
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Background: Human
amniotic membrane (HAM) forms the inner wall of the membranous sac that surrounds and
protects the embryo during gestation.
The main advantages of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in the treatment of bacterial
keratitis are its epithelial bandage properties. Previous studies have
documented the presence of some antimicrobial proteins and peptides in amniotic
fluid such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, bactericidal or permeability increasing
protein, calprotectin (MRP8/14 protein complex), LL37, and neutrophil defensins (Human Neutrophil Peptides, HNP
1-3). Furthermore, the amniotic membrane does
not express HLA-A, B, C or DR surface antigens, which may help avoid rejection after its transplantation.
Thus, it can be used as a biological immune barrier. The purpose of this study was
to evaluate the effectiveness of the amniotic membrane's healing properties in
rabbits with pseudomonas keratitis.
Methods : By using an animal model, 14 rabbits were divided into two groups of controls and cases. A syringe was used to inoculate
the corneal stroma of the animals by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853. After 20 hours
pseudomonas keratitis was created and amniotic membrane was transplanted to the
cornea of the case group. The infiltration size were observed on the first, third
and seventh days after the experiment.
Results : Corneal perforation was seen in the controls (P<0.001) but amniotic membrane
prevented perforation in the case group (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Transplantation of
amniotic membrane in the primary stages of pseudomonas keratitis treatment remarkably
prevents corneal perforation and it can be used to control the disease process.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mokarrari S, Yazdi Mh, Paymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T, Shirazi L, Mahdavi M,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (3 2012)
Abstract
Background: Regarding the immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus bacteria, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus reuteri, as probiotic bacteria, on natural killer cell cytotoxicity and tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation in Balb/c mice with breast adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A total of 30 female mice, aged 6- 8 weeks and with a weight of approximately 17- 19 g, were randomly divided into two groups of 15 mice. The case group received Lactobacillus reuteri at a dose of 2.7× 108 bacteria in half a milliliter of sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and the control group only received PBS. The probiotic group received the regimen for two weeks prior to tumor transplantation, as they did for 30 days after transplantation with three-day intervals and durations of seven days. For the evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity and also tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation response, LDH and BrdU assays were performed respectively according to the manufacturers' instructions.
Results: The study showed that the mice in the case group which were receiving Lactobacillus reuteri had statistically significant differences in the replication of tumor -specific lymphocytes, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and delayed hypersensitivity responses Compared to the mice in the control group.
Conclusion: Daily consumption of probiotics seems to regulate the immune system and consequently it can be helpful in people with cancer. Moreover, consumption of probiotics in healthy individuals can also boost the efficiency of the immune system against a variety of abnormalities.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mojarrad M, Salehipour Z, Atapour Mashhad H, Raoofian R, Rajabi Z,
Volume 70, Issue 4 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Probiotic microorganisms are living normal flora of human body that have nutritional value and health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. The health benefits include prevention of bacterial diarrhea, skin eczema and recently understood, prevention and control of various cancers, as well. Different mechanisms such as stimulating the immune system, modifying the composition of gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract normal flora and prevention of the carcinogenic activity of fecal enzymes have been identified for their probiotic activity. Due to the high density of the normal flora in the gut and also preferentially sporadic nature of colorectal cancers, these cancers are among the main candidates of treatment trials with probiotics. In this study, direct effects of probiotic lactobacilli on colon cancer tumor cells were studied.
Methods: Supernatant fluid and bacterial extracts were prepared and CaCo-2 cells were treated by these materials. Subsequently, the effects of the aforesaid elements were evaluated on cell proliferation, cell necrosis and cell apoptosis by MTT assay, LDH assay and caspase-3 activity.
Results: The supernatants of lactobacilli decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis but they did not have any effect on cell necrosis. In contrast, when cancerous cells were treated by lactobacilli extract, it lead to cell necrosis in addition to reduction in cell proliferation and increase in cell apoptosis.
Conclusion: The use of lactobacillus probiotics may reduce proliferation of tumor cells in the early stages of colorectal cancers.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Shirazi L, Yazdi Mh, Mahdavi M, Mokarrari S, Rahimi Forushani A, Ghasemi B, Peymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T,
Volume 70, Issue 11 (3 2013)
Abstract
Background: Several reports indicate that the probiotics can increase body resistance against malignant tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Lactobaci-llus reuteri Persian type culture collection (PTCC) 1655 in preventing tumor growth, improving weight and survival rate in mice with breast cancer.
Methods: Twenty mice, the BALB/c at six weeks age, weighing approximately 17 gram were divided into two groups. Oral administration of 500 micro liters of Lactobacillus reuteri suspension performed for the first group 14 days before tumor transplantation. The second group (control) received the same volume of phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Then the mice had tumor transplantation surgery. Lactobacillus reuteri was prescribed in the first group in seven-day period and three-day interruption pattern. At the same time the second group (control) received PBS. This process was continued until 45 day. The tumor growth, histology and body weight were evaluated in both group and the mortality of mice was recorded.
Results: In the mice transplanted tumors that had received probiotics, tumor growth decreased in comparison with control group. In this group the body weight increased (P>0/05). In addition, the survival of these mice had significantly increased compared to control group (P=0.002). The evaluation of tumor tissue also showed increased immune system function in mice receiving the probiotic (P>0/05).
Conclusion: Lactobacillus reuteri can improve immune system function and have an important role to help treatment of cancer.
Mr Pourmand, M Keshtvarz, Mm Soltan Dallal , M Talebi, R Bakhtiari, Gh Pourmand,
Volume 71, Issue 2 (5 2013)
Abstract
Background: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in patients with end-stage renal disease. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common complications after renal transplantation and it has serious consequences. The aim of this study was assessing UTIs in renal transplanted patients and evaluation of risk factors associated with post-transplant UTI.
Methods: In this prospective study, 173 patients (48 hospitalized patients and 125 outpatients) were enrolled in this study. These renal transplant recipients evaluated for bacterial urinary tract infection in urology research center at Sina Hospital. After collecting urine samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, urinalysis and colony count were performed. Identification of bacteria was performed by routine microbiological tests in the Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran, Iran, in 2011.
Results: UTI was observed in 47 patients and the most prevalent microorganism was Escherichia coli (E.coli) 18(38.2%). Nearly 71% of UTI cases were diagnosed during the first three months post transplantation. Risk factors for post transplant UTI were female gender, age, length of hospitalization and diabetes mellitus. Female patients were more susceptible than males (OR=0.50 and P=0.047) to infection. There were no significant difference between diabetes mellitus and UTI. Most of the isolated bacteria were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to tetracycline and trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole.
Conclusion: Our study confirmed that bacterial infections remain as the most common infectious complication in the early post-transplant period, and antibiogram rather than empirical treatment is needed to find the best effective antibiotics. Moreover, risk factors such as female gender, increased age and length of hospitalization are predisposing factors to increased urinary tract infection in renal transplantation.
Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi , Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal,
Volume 71, Issue 4 (July 2013)
Abstract
Background: The role of gram-positive cocci especially Staphylococci species in causing urinary tract infection are well known. Among the Staphylococci species Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most important. The rate of MRSA is increasing worldwide. This is alarming because the danger of these organism in public health. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of gram-positive cocci, as well as MRSA to vancomycin and other antibiotics.
Methods: This was a descriptive study, and were carried out on 300 patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by gram-positive cocci, referred to Imam Khomeini hospital during eight months. Prior to the antibiotic sensitivity testing all the isolates were identified according to the standard conventional biochemical procedure, and then the antibiotic susceptibility test were carried out according to Bauer-Kirby method.
Results: Among the gram positive cocci causing UTI, the most abundant were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (37.7%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (22.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (18%) respectivley. The sex distribution of patients were 163 female (54.3%) and 137 male (45.7%) respectively, and the prevalence rate of urinary tract infections in female was (8.6%) higher than male. The rate of sensitivity of isolated Staphylococci were as followed, sensitive to vancomycine (100%), Ciprofloxacin (89.2%), rifampin (87.6%), and amikacin (71.8%) respectivley, but were resistant to penicillin and amoxicillin (100%). The antibiotic sensitivity rate of isolated Streptococci was to vancomycine (85.1%), ciprofloxacin (50.7%) and penicillin (79.1%) respectively.
Conclusion: Vancomycin is still a suitable antibiotic for the treatment of Staphyloco-ccus infections. Although 6% rate of enterococci resistance to vancomycin is alarming, and use of this antibiotic in the treatment of other gram-positive bacteria should be done with precaution.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Celin Telefian , Massoud Hajia , Enayat Kalantar , Ali Reza Dolatyar Dehkhar-Ghani, Abbas Rahimi Forushani Rahimi Forushani , Qamartaj Khanbabaei , Mandana Mobarhan , Marjan Farzami ,
Volume 72, Issue 2 (May 2014)
Abstract
Background: Complex of Burkholderia cepacia is one of the main and serious causes of infections in cystic fibrosis patients that can be highly transmissible. Small hospital outbreaks are frequent and are usually due to a single contaminated environmental source. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is widely used to identify the strain emission sources in cystic fibrosis patients. The aim of this research was to study genotyping of Burkholderia cepacia using PFGE method, and to evaluate diversity complex of clinical strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients.
Methods: This is a descriptive study, in which 100 pulmonary secretion specimens of cystic fibrosis patients admitted in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran Iran in period of 12 months 2012 to 2013 were collected. The specimens were cultured on BCSA plate’s. After incubation suspected colonies were isolated and identified by biochemical and phenotypic method. All samples were checked by API system (API20NE) and by specific PCR method for genus Bulkhorderia and Bcc as well. DNA was extracted by alkaline lysis method and confirmed by PCR analysis of recA genes. Genetic diversity of isolate was performed by PFGE analysis according to Pulsenet guideline by using XbaI, SpeI as restriction enzyme which digests infrequently among the Burkholderia cepacia genome.
Results: Out of 100 samples five were identified as Burkholderia cepacia. It is obviously different at variously reports. The electrophoresis data of PCR products and comparison of band in samples from patients with standard strain ATCC 25416 Burkholderia cepacia and compare and analyse the PFGE size marker bands of Salmonella choleransuis serotype Braenderup H9812 strain, were the same.
Conclusion: Application of PFGE and identification of pulse-type is a potential tool to enhance the investigation of apparent nosocomial outbreaks of B.cepacia. Similar type of pulse patterns was observed in this study means that all of infection has been from one source therefore the hypothesis of transferring person to person will be rejected. Base on these results environmental sources sampling should be considered in future investigation.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal , Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi, Abbas Rahimiforoushani , Mohammad Reza Akhoondinasab ,
Volume 74, Issue 5 (August 2016)
Abstract
Background: Burns and its complications are regarded as a major problem in the society. Skin injuries resulted from ultraviolet radiation, radioactivity, electricity or chemicals as well as respiratory damage from smoke inhalation are considered burns. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology and outcome of burn patients admitted to Motahari Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: Two hundred patients with second-degree burns admitted to Motahari Referral Center of Burn in Tehran, Iran. They were studied during a period of 12 months from May 2012 to May 2013. During the first week of treatment swabs were collected from the burn wounds after cleaning the site with sterile normal saline. Samples were inoculated in blood agar and McConkey agar, then incubation at 37 C for 48 hours. Identification was carried out according to standard conventional biochemical tests. Treatment continued up to epithelial formation and wound healing. Results of microbial culture for each patient was recorded. Healing time of the burn wounds in patients was recorded in log books. Chi-square test and SPSS Software v.19 (IBM, NY, USA) were used for data analysis.
Results: Our findings indicate that the most causes of burns are hot liquids in 57% of cases and flammable liquid in 21% of cases. The most cases of burns were found to be in the range of 21 to 30 percent with 17.5% and 7% in male and female respectively. Gram-negative bacteria were dominated in 85.7% and among them pseudomonas spp. with 37.5% were the most common cause of infected burns, followed by Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella spp.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the most cause of burns in both sex is hot liquid. Men were more expose to burn than women and this might be due to the fact that men are involved in more dangerous jobs than female. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common organism encountered in burn infection.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Shirin Nezamabadi, Jalal Mardaneh, Zahra Rajabi, Abolfazl Sirdani,
Volume 75, Issue 3 (June 2017)
Abstract
Background: In recent years, use of powdered infant formula (PIF) milk for neonates feed is increasing; therefore, the quality control (QC) of PIF products is very important. The aim of present study was detection of toxigenic Bacillus cereus species in PIF milk using PCR assay.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out on 125 samples of powdered infant formula milk (PIF) purchased between March 2015 and April 2016 in Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Briefly, 0.1 dilutions were prepared and inoculated on Bacillus cereus selective media (MYP) and incubated at 30 °C for 24 hours. The suspicious colonies were verified using biochemical tests based on standard methods. Final confirmation of studied isolates was carried out by ITS gene detection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Presence of nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE) (linked to diarrhoea syndrome) and emetic toxin (EM) (linked to emetic syndrome) virulence genes were investigated using polymerase chain reaction assay.
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Results: In this study, of 125 PIF samples, 84 (67.2%) were contaminated. Of various recovered bacteria from these samples, 110 bacterial isolates were suspected to be Bacillus spp. using phenotypic methods. The ITS PCR results showed that 91.8% of the isolates were B. cereus. Respectively, 53.63 and 79% of B. cereus isolates possessed NHE and EM virulence genes.
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Conclusion: Our data revealed that near 80% of Bacillus cereus isolates have emetic toxin (EM) gene, as result virulence potency of this isolates is very high. However, the low number of this organisms in foods is very important and food safety protocols for these opportunistic toxigenic bacteria should be revised. Since the pasteurization process is ineffective on B. cereus spores; therefore, spores can remain in PIF milk and the vegetative bacterial cells can cause food poisoning in neonates. Therefore, modification of foods quality control protocols is essential in order to identify virulence genes in this bacterium.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal , Mona Moshiri, Abbas Mirshafiey, Masoumeh Douraghi , Farhad Rezaie, Mehrdad Gholami ,
Volume 76, Issue 11 (February 2019)
Abstract
Background: Probiotics are living organisms that are beneficial for human health. Lactobacillus species has been considered as probiotic bacteria due to their adjustment of human immune responses and therapeutic effects in inflammatory disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus probiotic strains on toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) expression in HT29 cell line (a human colon cancer cell line) infected with S. enteritidis.
Methods: This experimental study was done in Food Microbiology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from March 2016 to February 2017. In this study, two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC 1643 and Lactobacillus casei PTCC 1608 were used. HT29 cells were cultured in RPMI medium containing fetal bovine serum and antibiotics. Then, the cells were treated with the Lactobacillus strains, after or before challenge with S. enteritidis. After total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the capacity of probiotic lactobacilli to modulate TLR2 and TLR4 expression on treated and un-treated HT29 cells were assessed quantitatively using Real-time polymerase chain reaction technique with specific primers.
Results: Our findings indicated that after treatment of non-infected HT29 cells, with both the probiotics, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 genes significantly increased. In contrast, the expression of these two genes in HT29 cells which were infected with S. Enteritidis was significantly reduced before and after treatment with each one of the probiotic bacteria. The anti-inflammatory effect of probiotic lactobacilli on S. enteritidis were confirmed in tests. This study showed that L. acidophilus and L. casei play a major role in boosting the innate immune responses, the TLR2 and TLR4 expression levels also decreased, pre and post-infection with S. enteritidis.
Conclusion: According to the results, both Lactobacillus strains have remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in pathogenicity of S. enteritidis, but L. acidophilus display greater anti-inflammatory activity than L. casei in this work. Additional in vivo and in vitro studies are required to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory effect.
Ahdie Karbalaei Shabani , Fares Najari , Alireza Jannani , Khadijeh Ezoji , Mohammad Reza Montazer Khorasan , Hossein Masoumi , Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal ,
Volume 77, Issue 11 (February 2020)
Abstract
Background: Botulism is mostly caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin which has been described as a bilateral symmetric descending flaccid paralysis. Preventing and responding to botulism outbreaks is a public health emergency. In this study, the disease is reported in a family.
Methods: In a case series study, during an outbreak, four members of a family with symptoms including paralysis, ptosis, blurred vision, diplopia, weakness, dysphagia, dry mouth, respiratory problems, vertigo, and lethargy, referred to Loghman Hospital of Tehran. Among the patients was an elderly woman and a pregnant woman. All clinical signs and symptoms of the patients were recorded daily in a researcher-made questionnaire from 27 August to 3 September 2018. At the time of admission, vital signs (pulse rate, respiration rate, and body temperature) of patients were stable and within normal limits. Following clinical suspicion of food-borne botulism in these patients, samples of the first two patients, including serum, stool, gastric secretions, and homemade whey were sent to the Botulism Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Pasteur Institute of Iran for the mouse bioassay.
Results: Type A neurotoxin was detected in homemade whey after the mouse bioassay. Therefore, foodborne botulism was confirmed in patients with laboratory results. Patients included two men and two women with a mean age of 52.7 years old. The length of hospitalized days was between 2 and 6 days. Two of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients under study were fully recovered with timely diagnosis of the disease, treatment with antitoxin, and supportive care.
Conclusion: When conscious patients referred to the hospital with symptoms of paralysis, foodborne botulism is an important differential diagnosis. On-time diagnosis and antitoxin treatment can prevent serious complications.
