Showing 6 results for Talaei
Arab M R, Sharifzadeh A, Sargolzaie Aval F, Talaei Khoozani,
Volume 63, Issue 4 (13 2005)
Abstract
Background: Fumes generated during electric welding are one of air pollutants of working place in industrial companies, which can cause some clinical signs and diseases in worker, including mucosal irritation, changing of semen quality and cancer. Chronic exposure of workers with these fumes can cause reduce sperm motility and forward penetration and decrease in normal sperm count. Although a lot of researches were done in this field up to now, there is little information about histopathological effects of these fumes on germinal epithelium. The aim of this study was to identify structural changes of germinal epithelium in Rat as an experimental model after exposure to fumes of electric welding in exposure chamber.
Material and Methods: A total number of 60 Sprague Dawley Rats were chosen and divided into experimental (40) and control (20) groups. Each of groups was subdivided into 2, 4, 6 and 8-week subgroups. The number of Rat in each subgroup of experimental and control group was 10 and 5 respectively. Animals were housed in standard situation. After adaptation experimental group were exposed to fumes of electric welding (AMA 2000 electrode, 100 Ampere, 0.1 cm/s speed of electrode welding) for 2 hour/day and 5 day/week. The rate of air turn over in exposure chamber was fixed to 12-15/hour. The amount of O3, CO, CO2, NO + NO2 and particulate matter were measured by Galtec detectors and Cellulose acetate filter respectively. According to time table animals were killed and specimens from testis were taken and fixed in formaline buffer solution and processed routinely. Sections with 5-7 micrometer in thickness were stained by H-E, PAS, PNA and Alcian blue pH=2.5. The thickness of germinal epithelium was measured and data were analyzed by Kruskall Wallis test.
Results: The results of this study showed a few quantitative and qualitative changes in germinal epithelium. Vasodilatation of vessels in tunica albuginea and interstitial tissue, decreasing of eosinophilia in myoid cells, increase in size of spermatogonia especially dark type, disorganization of association between sertoli and spermatogenic cell lineage and spermatogenic arrests in spermatocyte I period. There were significant difference between experimental and control group for thickness of germinal epithelium (p<0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that although some adaptation response was appeared in experimental group, a lot of structural changes also appeared in germinal epithelium. The amount and severity of these changes were dependent to 3 factors include the amount of fumes, the variety of it and the duration of exposure.
Talaei T, Monsefi M, Vojdani Z, Dehghani F, Arab M R,
Volume 65, Issue 6 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: Some pregnant women are exposed to occupational noise, a risk factor for the development of the auditory system. The auditory system is one of the areas in embryonic development in which noise might induce aberrant development. Noise can change the gene expression pattern of an embryo and thereby modify the physiology of the auditory system. Therefore, noise can change the molecular structure of the developing ear. One of the critical molecules involved in development of auditory system is glycoconjugate. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular changes of the developing spiral ganglion after exposure to industrial levels of noise.
Methods: A total of 42 pregnant mice were divided into control and experimental groups. Each group was further divided into three subgroups. The three experimental subgroups were exposed to daily noise with an intensity of 100 db for 2.5 hours until sacrifice (for the first group to be sacrificed) or day seven of postnatal life (for the other two groups). The mice offspring were sacrificed at the first, seventh and 14th days of postnatal life. The inner ears were prepared histologically. The specimens were stained with the lectins wheat germ antigen (WGA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and BSAI-B4.
Results: The results indicated that, although there were no histological changes at the light-microscopic level in the ear development, statistical analysis showed that there was a significant decrease in the uptake of the BSA1-B4 lectin by neurons of spiral ganglion in 14th day of postnatal life in the experimental group compared to that of the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: After noise exposure, in spite of normal neuronal structure, these cells were modified at the molecular level, especially in glycoconjugate expression, influencing the normal physiology of neurons and causing auditory disorders.
Barzegar M, Talaei Zavareh Sa, Salami M,
Volume 68, Issue 10 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Numerous evidences indicate that various environmental stresses during
pregnancy affect physiological behavior of the offspring. This experimental
study was designed to investigate the effect of noise stress during prenatal
period of rats on spatial learning and memory and plasma corticostrone level in
postnatal life.
Methods: Three groups of pregnant rats were given daily noise stress with durations of
two and/ or four hours in last week of pregnancy period. The fourth group was
left unstressed. The male offspring from the unstressed and different stressed
groups were assigned as controls and stressed groups. The animals were
introduced to a spatial task in Morris water maze 4
trials/day for five consecutive days. The probe test was performed on the 5th day of the experiment. The delay in findings and the distance passed to locate
the target platform were assessed as the spatial learning.
Results: Our results showed that prenatal exposure to noise stress for two and/ or four
hours a day, leads to impaired acquisition of spatial learning in the postnatal
animals. The plasma level of corticostrone in the two stressed groups of rats
markedly matched with their behavioral function. Prenatal exposure to 1-
hour noise stress revealed no effects on the offsprings' behavior and plasma
corticostrone level.
Conclusion: Based on our study results, it seems that applied range of stress which is
executed through the noise stress could increase the plasma corticostrone level
and could decrease spatial learning and memory of adult male offspring.
Mesbah F, Bahri A, Ghasemi E, Talaei Khozani T, Mirkhani H, Parsanezhad Me,
Volume 69, Issue 3 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of
anovulatory infertility. Metformin which is effectively used for the treatment of anovulatory PCOS improves pregnancy rate and endometrial receptivity and reduces the risk of miscarriage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metformin on the endometrium, the number of fetuses and hormonal levels of PCOS rats.
Methods: Forty female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly into four equal groups. Group I: control rats, group II: rats receiving metformin (150 mg/kg/day), group III: Estradiol Valerate-induced PCOS rats (4 mg/rat) and group IV: induced PCOS rats receiving metformin. Body weight and serum levels of glucose, LH, FSH, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol were measured. Following mating, each group was divided into two subgroups and the rats were sacrificed on the 5th and 15th day of gestation to evaluate endometrial reaction to implantation and fetus count, respectively. Results: Hormone assay showed a significant increase in testosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH and blood glucose levels in group III compared to the controls (P≤0.01) and a significant decrease in blood glucose in group IV versus group III (P≤0.01). Progesterone concentration had no significant differences between groups III and the controls. Weight was higher in group III than group I but it had no decrease after metformin administration. No significant differences were detected regarding implantation rate and number of fetuses in all rats.
Conclusion: Metformin has significant effects on pregnancy rate and the hormonal and blood glucose levels of Estradiol Valerate-induced PCOS rats.
Davari S, Talaei Sa, Soltani M, Alaei H, Salami M,
Volume 70, Issue 9 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus affects numerous intracellular metabolic processes, which are reflected by changes in the concentration of some plasma constituents. Particularly, the disease may indirectly undermine some functions of the nervous system including learning and memory through altering oxidative stress status. On the other hand, probiotics can enhance the antioxidant capacity. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of probiotics on spatial memory, maze learning and indices of oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups (n=10 for each): Control (CO), Control probiotic (CP), Control diabetic (DC), and Diabetic probiotic (DP). The probiotic supplement, including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Bifidobacterium lactis (334 mg of each with a CFU of ~1010), was administered through drinking water every 12 hours for 8 weeks. Using morris water maze (MWM), spatial learning and memory were evaluated. Serum insulin and oxidative stress indices, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were measured by standard laboratory kits.
Results: Oral administration of probiotics improved impairment of spatial learning (P=0.008) and consolidated memory (P=0.01) in the rats. Moreover, probiotic treatment increased serum insulin (P<0.0001) and serum superoxide dismutase activity (P=0.007) while it decreased their blood glucose (P=0.006) and 8-OHdG (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation reversed the serum concentrations of insulin and glucose along with an increase in antioxidant capacity in diabetic rats. It also improved spatial learning and memory in the animals. Relevancy of the metabolic changes and behavioral functions need to be further studied.
Sayyed Alireza Talaei , Abolfazl Azami , Elham Mahdavi , Mahmoud Salami ,
Volume 73, Issue 3 (June 2015)
Abstract
Background: Environmental signals have an essential role in the maturation of neural circuits during critical period of brain development. It has been shown that, change in visual signals during critical period of brain development changes structure and function of glutamate receptors in the visual cortex. After processing in visual cortex, part of visual signals goes to the hippocampus and makes memories. The aim of this study was evaluating effects of visual deprivation during critical period of brain development on AMPA receptor subunits expression in rats’ hippocampus.
Methods: This experimental study was done in Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences at winter 2014 on male Wistar rats. Animals were divided to 2 groups (n= 36 for each) were kept in standard 12 hours light/12 hours dark condition (light reared, LR) or in complete darkness (dark reared, DR) from birth to the end of the experiments. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting techniques respectively, expression of mRNA and protein of GluR1 and GluR2 subunits was evaluated in rats’ hippocampus at ages 2, 4 and 6 weeks in both groups. After quantification of the expressions, the data were compared by two way analysis of variance.
Results: The relative expression of GluR1 subunit decreased about 24% (P=0.004) in the hippocampus of 6 WLR rats in comparison to 2 WLR ones. The relative expression of the other AMPA receptor subunit, GluR2, also increased about 190% in the hippocampus of the 6WLR animals when compared to the 2 WLR rats (P< 0.0001). Dark rearing increased the relative expression of both subunits of AMPA receptors, GluR1 and GluR2, about 20 percent (P= 0.01) in the hippocampus of 6 WDR rats in comparison to 2 WLR animals.
Conclusion: Dark rearing of rats during critical period of brain development changes the relative expression and also arrangement of both AMPA receptor subunits, GluR1 and GluR2 in the hippocampus, age dependently.
