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Correlation between superoxide dismutase 1 gene expression with lactate dehydrogenase enzyme and free radicals in female athletes: effects of incremental intensity exercises
Baradaran B, Tartibian B, Baghaiee B, Monfaredan A,
Volume 70, Issue 4 (5 2012)
Abstract

Background: Inflammatory enzymes and free radicals are important factors affecting the immune system. However, there seems to be no detailed information about the extent to which these factors can affect superoxide dismutase 1 gene expression in female athletes, especially in incremental exercises. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between superoxide dismutase 1 gene expression with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and free radicals in female athletes after an incremental intensity exercise.

Methods: Fifteen 22-24 year old female athletes from Urmia, Iran voluntarily participated in the study after completing an informed consent form in 2010. Venous blood samples were collected in three stages: prior to, immediately and 3 h after an incremental exercise (12 km/h at a 5% gradient for 20 min). Real-time PCR was used to assess superoxide dismutase1 (SOD-1) gene expression as was an autoanalyzer for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and LDH concentrations.

Results: LDH concentration significantly increased in both stages of the exercise (immediately and 3 h after the exercise), (respectively, P=0.009 and P=0.026), but H2O2 concentration significantly increased only in the recovery phase (P=0.002). SOD-1 mRNA did not significantly increase in any stage of the exercise (P=0.05). Moreover, there was only a significant correlation between SOD-1 mRNA and H2O2 increase (P=0.014).

Conclusion: Incremental exercise increased H2O2 and LDH levels in female athletes but only free radicals had a significant effect on SOD-1 gene expression.


Effect of olive oil on IL-6, TNF-α and cortisol hormone levels in active girls after one session of an exhaustive exercise: a brief report
Bakhtyar Tartibian , Rounak Parse, Behrouz Baghaiee ,
Volume 71, Issue 6 (September 2013)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of olive oil on interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and cortisol hormone in response to exhaustive exercise in active girls.
Methods: Twenty four healthy girls aged 21-27 years participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to supplement (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Supplemented group was fed with olive oil for one week. Blood samples were taken in a week before of exercise test, before exercise, immediately and 1 hour after the end of the exercise.
Results: There was a significant increase in the level of cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α in the supplement and control groups in compared with a week before of exercise test and before exercise test (P≤0.05). There was no significant difference in cortisol levels between the two groups (P≥0.05), but there was a significant difference between the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in immediately and one hour after the end of exercise (P≤0.05). These markers were lower in the supplement group.
Conclusion: Our results show olive oil prevent from increasing inflammatory markers in active girls during exhaustive exercise.

Correlation between blood pressure and vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus in sedentary postmenopausal women
Bakhtyar Tartibian , Rogayee Afsar Garebag , Abbas Malandish , Zeinab Sheikhlou ,
Volume 74, Issue 8 (November 2016)
Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The studies show that factors such as vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus are involved in the regulation of blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood pressure with vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus in sedentary postmenopausal women.

Methods: This investigation is in the form of a descriptive correlational study that was performed in September 2015. The statistical population was all healthy and sedentary postmenopausal women 50-70 years old in Urmia city, Iran. Fifty-four sedentary postmenopausal women were selected as subjects and voluntarily and bona fide participated in this study. General and anthropometric characteristics of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in subjects were measured by wall-meter with an accuracy of one millimeter, digital scale with precision of 100 g (Beurer, Germany), and dual emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (Hologic, USA) machines, respectively. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure was measured by indicator machine. Serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus were measured by ELISA and Auto-analyzer (BT 1500, Biotecnica, Italy machines, respectively.

Results: The mean general, anthropometric, and physiological/laboratory variables of subjects were: age 54 yr, height 156 cm; weight 72 kg; BMI 29 kg/m2; systolic and diastolic blood pressure 76.20 and 110.70, respectively; vitamin D 25.22 ng/ml, parathyroid hormone 33.29 ng/ml, calcium 9.44 ng/ml, and phosphorus 3.26 ng/ml. Moreover, results showed that there was no significant relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and vitamin D (P>0.581 and P>0.619, respectively). There was no significant relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and parathyroid hormone (P>0.623 and P>0.341, respectively). There was no significant relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and calcium (P>0.704 and P>0.141, respectively). There was no significant relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and phosphorous (P>0.058 and P>0.357, respectively).

Conclusion: The results suggest that there is no relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure with serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorous in sedentary postmenopausal women 50-70 years old.

Effect of moderate-intensity aerobic training on alkaline phosphatase gene expression and serum markers of bone turnover in sedentary postmenopausal women
Bakhtiar Tartibian , Zeinab Sheikhlou , Abbas Malandish , Mohammad Rahmati-Yamchi , Rogayee Afsar Garebag,
Volume 74, Issue 10 (January 2017)
Abstract

Background: Studies show that aerobic exercise prevents osteoporosis in menopause by stimulating osteoblastic cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on alkaline phosphatase gene expression, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and calcium in sedentary women.

Methods: This investigation is a semi-experimental study that was performed in September 2015 at Urmia University, Iran. The statistical population was all healthy and sedentary postmenopausal women 50 to 65 years old in Urmia city. Twenty sedentary postmenopausal women with an average age 60.12±2.12 yr, weight 72.35±10.50 kg, and body mass index 29.46±3.24 kg/m2 voluntarily and bona fide participated in this study, and then subjects were randomly divided to the Exercise/E (10 women) and Control/C (10 women) groups by random sampling method. E group performed of 12 weeks walking and jogging moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at 65-70% maximal heart rate of training, three sessions per week and per session 50-60 (min), but the C group participated in no intervention. Twenty-four hours before and after the 12-week training program were taken blood samples in order to measure of alkaline phosphatase gene expression and serum markers of bone in the E and C Groups. Evaluation of gene expression and serum markers of bone were measured by real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Auto-analyzer (Biotechnica, Italy)/ ELISA reader (Awareness Inc., USA) machines, respectively. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential (ANCOVA test) statistics using SPSS version 23 (Chicago, IL, USA) and a significance level of P≥0.05 was considered.

Results: The results showed that alkaline phosphatase gene expression and parathyroid hormone after 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in between-groups were significantly increased (P=0.027 and P=0.006, respectively), while serum levels of calcium and alkaline phosphatase were not significantly different (P=0.941 and P=0.990, respectively).

Conclusion: The results suggest that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise of walking and jogging at 65-70% maximal heart rate of training increases alkaline phosphatase gene expression and parathyroid hormone in sedentary postmenopausal women.


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