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Maziar Naderi , Gholamreza Ebrahimzadeh, Mahmood Alimohammadi , Vida Past,
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a global problem that new methods must be used to prevent it. The virus is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted through the air. Ozone is a powerful oxidant that can be used to inactivate a wide range of viruses that may be resistant to other disinfectants. The purpose of this study was to review the use and effect of ozone in inactivating indoor viruses.
Methods: To conduct this review study, the keywords such as ozone, virus and air were used to search the PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were searched from 2010 to 2020. As a result of the search, 57 articles in this field were selected and their content and results were used in this review study.
Methods: To conduct this review study, the keywords such as ozone, virus and air were used to search the PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were searched from 2010 to 2020. As a result of the search, 57 articles in this field were selected and their content and results were used in this review study.
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Results: This review study showed that ozone has been successfully used to prevent several viral diseases such as COVED-19. In addition, some viruses, such as coronaviruses, contain sulfhydryl functional groups containing cysteine and tryptophan that react better with ozone gas. The infected person's sneezing may result in the formation of 40,000 droplets in the air. The droplets can be transferred to the nearest surface up to approximately 2 meters before falling and also may remain in the air for 30 hours.
Conclusion: The use of ozone gas has many potential applications in inactivating viruses in enclosed spaces. Given the importance of virus-containing aerosols in the transmission of COVED-19, ozone can be a promising way to prevent the disease. The degree of inactivation of viruses by ozone gas depends on the gas concentration, contact time, temperature, humidity and type of virus. In general, studies in this field have shown the use of ozone gas in preventing the spread of viral diseases such as COVED-19. Necessary safety measures and precautions are also recommended in using this gas. |
Mehdi Alemrajabi, Seyed Hamze Musavi , Behrouz Seydi Majd , Tayeb Ramim,
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Abstract
Background: Supralevator abscesses make up to 9% of all cryptoglandular abscesses. Given that platelet-rich fibrin accelerates tissue growth and reduces infection, it seems necessary to investigate its effect on the healing of fistula wounds because it can accelerate the healing of morbid wounds and reduce its effect on recurrence.
Methods: The study was performed as a single-blind clinical trial in patients who were referred to the surgical clinic of Rasoul Akram Hospital (PBUH), with the approval of the supralevator collection. Before surgery, Wexner Score were identified in patients who underwent surgery, and the entire path of fistulas and cavities was identified. Clinical outcomes were monitored one day after surgery for up to two months once a week, then every month until complete recovery, and then six months after surgery. After the operation, the patients were examined for recurrence, until the PRF was absorbed, the dressing of the operation site was performed only with normal saline, and the patients were on a low-residue diet so that they could not excrete as much as possible.
Methods: The study was performed as a single-blind clinical trial in patients who were referred to the surgical clinic of Rasoul Akram Hospital (PBUH), with the approval of the supralevator collection. Before surgery, Wexner Score were identified in patients who underwent surgery, and the entire path of fistulas and cavities was identified. Clinical outcomes were monitored one day after surgery for up to two months once a week, then every month until complete recovery, and then six months after surgery. After the operation, the patients were examined for recurrence, until the PRF was absorbed, the dressing of the operation site was performed only with normal saline, and the patients were on a low-residue diet so that they could not excrete as much as possible.
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Results: 10 people participated in the final analysis. The mean age of patients was 33.20 years (26-46 years). Three patients had a history of perianal abscess surgery, two patients had a history of fistula surgery and 1 patient had a history of Fisher surgery. The mean closing time of the cavity was 14.2 days (10-22 days). Two patients (20%) had a fever and two patients (20%) had a surgical site infection. Bleeding and recurrence were not observed in any of the patients. The mean preoperative Wexner score was 0.80±0.76 Which decreased to 0.68±0.50 postoperatively (P=0.045).
Conclusion: Finally, the findings of the study showed that the use of PRF to repair a complex fistula is a method that can be easily repeated with minimal side effects and can heal wounds caused by fistulas with supralevator collection. This treatment can play an important role in the treatment of complex fistulas that have moderate or extensive involvement with the sphincter, or the occurrence of fistulas with sphincter dysfunction. |
Behzad Nazemroaya , Samin Jahanbin,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (November 2022)
Volume 80, Issue 8 (November 2022)
Abstract
Background: A variety of sedatives like ketamine, propofol, opioids, and benzodiazepines are used during Fibroptic bronchoscopy. The effectiveness of ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-midazolam on pain level and sedation after Fibroptic bronchoscopy was examined.
Methods: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out from October 2020 to April 2021 at educational hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were 60 candidates for fibroptic bronchoscopy who were allocated randomly into two groups of 30 people. Group one (Ketodex) received 1mg/kg ketamine and 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine for 10 min followed by an infusion of 0.5 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine and 0.5mg/min ketamine. Group two (Ketomed) received 2.5mg of midazolam and 1mg/kg of ketamine for 10min along with infusion of 1 µg/kg/min midazolam and 0.5mg/min of ketamine. The variables under the study were systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), percentage of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), and level of pain. Furthermore, the sedation score of patients were recorded on the basis
of sedation score is a 5-point scale from 1 to 5. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS (v.26). To compare the data collected at different occasions and different groups, repeated measure tests and independent t-test were used (P<0.05).
Methods: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out from October 2020 to April 2021 at educational hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were 60 candidates for fibroptic bronchoscopy who were allocated randomly into two groups of 30 people. Group one (Ketodex) received 1mg/kg ketamine and 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine for 10 min followed by an infusion of 0.5 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine and 0.5mg/min ketamine. Group two (Ketomed) received 2.5mg of midazolam and 1mg/kg of ketamine for 10min along with infusion of 1 µg/kg/min midazolam and 0.5mg/min of ketamine. The variables under the study were systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), percentage of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), and level of pain. Furthermore, the sedation score of patients were recorded on the basis
of sedation score is a 5-point scale from 1 to 5. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS (v.26). To compare the data collected at different occasions and different groups, repeated measure tests and independent t-test were used (P<0.05).
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Results: Compared to the Ketomed group, the sedation term in patients in the Ketodex group was longer significantly (P<0.001) with a significantly shorter recovery term (P<0.001). In addition, the differences between the groups were insignificant in terms of diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and percentage of arterial oxygen saturation (P>0.05). The pain levels were notably lower in patients who received Ketomed compared to Ketomed during 20 min (P=0.04) and 30 min (P=0.001) following the procedure.
Conclusion: The use of Ketodex was associated with a longer sedation duration and significantly shorter stay in the recovery room and lower pain intensity compared to Ketomed, therefore it may be more preferable in bronchoscopy. |
Hamidreza Shetabi, Behzad Nazemroaya , Mohsen Abron ,
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Abstract
Background: In this study, the effect of intravenous dexamethasone on pain, nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic ovarian surgery was investigated.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 2019 to March 2019 on patients undergoing laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan. In this study, 88 patients aged 18 to 45 years were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving dexamethasone (D) and normal saline (S). Two minutes before induction of anesthesia, the first group received 8 mg (2 ml) of dexamethasone and the second group received normal saline (2 ml). The duration of surgery and stay in recovery, the frequency of pain and nausea and vomiting, the need for analgesic and anti-nausea drugs, and the cardiovascular response during the study were evaluated and recorded.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 2019 to March 2019 on patients undergoing laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan. In this study, 88 patients aged 18 to 45 years were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving dexamethasone (D) and normal saline (S). Two minutes before induction of anesthesia, the first group received 8 mg (2 ml) of dexamethasone and the second group received normal saline (2 ml). The duration of surgery and stay in recovery, the frequency of pain and nausea and vomiting, the need for analgesic and anti-nausea drugs, and the cardiovascular response during the study were evaluated and recorded.
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Results: No significant difference was seen in terms of demographic characteristics between the two groups (P>0.05). The frequency of pain during recovery (P=0.4) was not significantly different between the two groups, but at 2 hours (P=0.005), 12 hours (P<0.001) and 24 hours after the operation (P=0.005) (P=0) was significantly lower than S group. The frequency of nausea in group D during recovery (P=0.003), 2 hours later (P<0.001), and 12 hours (P=0.002) was significantly lower than group S, but 24 hours after the surgery, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.15). During recovery, there was no vomiting in both groups (P=1), the frequency of vomiting in 2 hours (P=0.003), 12 hours (P<0.002) and 24 hours after the operation (P=0.48) in group D was lower than S. At the time of the study, the dose of diclofenac and metoclopramide received in group D patients was lower than group S. There was no significant difference in cardiovascular response between the two groups during the study (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Dexamethasone with a dose of 8 mg before induction of anesthesia can be effective in reducing pain, nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic ovarian surgery and reducing the need for analgesics and anti-nausea drugs. |
Behzad Nazemroaya, Fatemeh Kazemi Goraji , Azim Honarmand, Mohammad Saleh Jafarpisheh ,
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Abstract
Background: Double lumen tube (DLT) is used in lung surgeries. Classically, the patient should undergo fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) to confirm the location of the DLT and its proper function. However, the sensitivity of ultrasound and clinical methods in diagnosing the correct position of DLT has not yet been definitively determined. This study was designed to assess the accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound and auscultation versus Fiberoptic Bronchoscope in determining the position of the Double-Lumen Tube.
Methods: This cross-sectional study of diagnostic value measurement type was conducted on patients who were candidates for double lumen implantation. After induction of anesthesia, DLT with the appropriate size was implanted, and then the position of DLT was evaluated. In the first step, the lungs were examined by auscultation, then the ultrasound was performed, and two signs of lung pulse sign and lung sliding sign were examined as signs of normal lung and ventilated lung. FOB was performed by an anesthesiologist. At the end, by opening the chest after surgery, the surgeon's opinion about the quality of lung collapse was recorded.
Methods: This cross-sectional study of diagnostic value measurement type was conducted on patients who were candidates for double lumen implantation. After induction of anesthesia, DLT with the appropriate size was implanted, and then the position of DLT was evaluated. In the first step, the lungs were examined by auscultation, then the ultrasound was performed, and two signs of lung pulse sign and lung sliding sign were examined as signs of normal lung and ventilated lung. FOB was performed by an anesthesiologist. At the end, by opening the chest after surgery, the surgeon's opinion about the quality of lung collapse was recorded.
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Results: In our study, the correct placement of the tube was correct in 37 cases and wrong in 3 cases, which were checked and corrected by FOB. Vital signs of the patients were stable before and during the operation. There were no problems with anesthesia during the surgery. Diagnostic sensitivity of lung auscultation clinical examination was 64.9% and chest ultrasound was 91.9%. The sensitivity of ultrasound compared to auscultation was not significant (P=0.242), but there was a clinically significant difference in the positive predictive value of the two, so that the positive predictive value of lung auscultation was 88.9% and lung ultrasound was 91.9%. In terms of surgeon satisfaction level, 22 cases (59.5%) had excellent satisfaction and 15 cases (40.5%) had moderate satisfaction. The sensitivity of ultrasound was not significant in comparison with the surgeon's satisfaction.
Conclusion: Ultrasound can be a good substitute for FOB. Although ultrasound cannot have all the functions of FOB, but having advantages such as lower cost, speed of operation, and non-invasiveness, makes it more practical than FOB. |
Shahram Seyfi, Nazli Farnoosh, Kayvan Latifi, Parviz Amri Male , Hamed Mehdinezhad Gorji , Asadollah Shakeri, Khadijeh Ezoji ,
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Abstract
Background: Sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (S-LAM) is a rare disease that generally affects young women and involves the abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells (LAM cells) in the lungs (pulmonary LAM). There are two types of LAM, sporadic and LAM with tuberous sclerosis, which is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by mutations in the Tsc1 and Tsc2 genes. The most common manifestation of this disease is pneumothorax due to cyst rupture. Median transplant-free survival for pulmonary LAM is 23 years from diagnosis. Factors associated with a poor prognosis are often those associated with a more rapid decline in lung function.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 24-year-old woman who presented with pneumothorax and multiple bullae in both lungs. The patient had no family history of respiratory disease, and the patient herself had no symptoms other than mild shortness of breath following activity from a year ago. A lung CT scan was performed for the patient and multiple bullae were evident in both lungs, which confirmed the diagnosis. There was no evidence of involvement of other organs but the lung. For the patient in the ICU with the diagnosis of left pneumothorax, a chest tube was inserted and she underwent mechanical ventilation. Finally, after 24 days of hospitalization, oxygen therapy of the patient was performed with a normal mask, and she underwent left lung pleurodesis with talcum powder, and a few days later, right lung pleurodesis was performed on the patient. On the 36th day of hospitalization, her general condition improved and she was discharged from the ICU. The patient was discharged in good general condition and had no problem on her four months follow-up.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 24-year-old woman who presented with pneumothorax and multiple bullae in both lungs. The patient had no family history of respiratory disease, and the patient herself had no symptoms other than mild shortness of breath following activity from a year ago. A lung CT scan was performed for the patient and multiple bullae were evident in both lungs, which confirmed the diagnosis. There was no evidence of involvement of other organs but the lung. For the patient in the ICU with the diagnosis of left pneumothorax, a chest tube was inserted and she underwent mechanical ventilation. Finally, after 24 days of hospitalization, oxygen therapy of the patient was performed with a normal mask, and she underwent left lung pleurodesis with talcum powder, and a few days later, right lung pleurodesis was performed on the patient. On the 36th day of hospitalization, her general condition improved and she was discharged from the ICU. The patient was discharged in good general condition and had no problem on her four months follow-up.
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Conclusion: Fortunately, with the diagnosis of LAM for the patient according to the CT scan of the patient's lung, she was treated with insertion of a chest tube and by performing pleurodesis, the recurrence of pneumothorax was prevented. In a young woman with spontaneous pneumothorax, sporadic LAM is one of the differential diagnoses.
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Behzad Nazemroaya, Hosein Mahjobipoor , Elham Saberi,
Volume 81, Issue 3 (June 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 3 (June 2023)
Abstract
Background: A smooth endotracheal intubation minimizes hemodynamic changes. We assessed the effect of ketamine and lidocaine on Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and, oxygen saturation (SpO2) changes after endotracheal intubation compared to a control group.
Methods: In this randomized, triple-blind clinical trial (IRCT20200825048515N56) approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUI.MED.REC.1400.721) 90 patients aged 18-65 years as candidates for surgery under general anesthesia at Alzahra Hospital in Isfahan were included between December 2022 and February 2023. They were randomly allocated to the ketamine hydrochloride (ketamine) (0.5 mg/kg), lidocaine hydrochloride 2% (Lignodic) (0.5 mg/kg), and control groups. The subjects, age, height, weight, gender, Body mass index (BMI) and clinical information, such as mean blood pressure, HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and, oxygen saturation 1, 3, 5 and 10 minutes following endotracheal intubation, recovery stay and, extubation time were noted and analyzed by repeated measure analysis using SPSS version 28. The significance level in all analyses was considered less than 0.05.
Results: Ninety candidates for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were randomly assigned to three groups of 30: one group receiving lidocaine hydrochloride, one receiving ketamine hydrochloride, and the other a control group. Overall, 60 cases (66.7%) were male and 30 cases (33.3%) were female.
| Both lidocaine and ketamine effectively reduce hemodynamic changes during endotracheal intubation, but lidocaine potentially has greater benefits in terms of improving oxygenation and reducing heart rate variability, as well as reducing recovery time during anesthesia. No significant difference was detected between the two studied groups regarding diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure changes, recovery stay, extubation time, and laryngoscopy grade. Conclusion: Based on the findings in this study, lidocaine offered more desirable hemodynamic stability than ketamine and resulted in fewer hemodynamic disturbances. Also, in the case of persistent hypertension or tachycardia. This was not observed in any of the groups. |
Behzad Nazemroaya, Azim Honarmand, Shima Shams,
Volume 81, Issue 4 (July 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 4 (July 2023)
Abstract
Background: Tonsils are lymphoid tissues of the body's defense system that surround the pharynx and prevent the entry of microbes through inhalation. Tonsillectomy is the final treatment for enlarged tonsils and is one of the most common procedures in the ear, throat and nose. To prevent and improve postoperative complications, various methods are used, including lidocaine and dexmedetomidine injections. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of intravenous infusions of lidocaine and dexmedetomidine on the rate and severity of immediate complications after tonsillectomy surgery.
Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, triple-blind, randomized clinical trial on 96 patients who were candidates for tonsillectomy under general anesthesia at Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The patients had informed consents and met the conditions to enter the study. 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia, patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups receiving lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, or placebo. All patients were examined for intraoperative bleeding, laryngospasm in the first 2 hours after the operation, and laryngitis in the first 24 hours after the operation. SPSS version 26 software was used for statistical analysis.
Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, triple-blind, randomized clinical trial on 96 patients who were candidates for tonsillectomy under general anesthesia at Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The patients had informed consents and met the conditions to enter the study. 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia, patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups receiving lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, or placebo. All patients were examined for intraoperative bleeding, laryngospasm in the first 2 hours after the operation, and laryngitis in the first 24 hours after the operation. SPSS version 26 software was used for statistical analysis.
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Results: The findings of this research indicated that at 45, 75 and, 90 minutes after recovery, the mean score of pain and at 15-90 minutes in terms of anxiety was significantly different from the rest in at least one of the three groups (P<0.05). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and arterial oxygen blood pressure in minutes 30 to 90, as well as Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in minutes 60, 75 and 90, showed a significant difference between the three studied groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the incidences of laryngospasm in the groups. However, there was a significant difference between the incidences of bronchospasm in all three groups. In terms of factors such as cough and nausea, no significant differences were observed in the studied groups. However, the average amount of bleeding in surgery, the recovery time and, the first time to tolerate liquids and solids in at least one group were significantly different from the others.
Conclusion: Overall, both dexmedetomidine and lidocaine are effective in reducing heart rate, SBP, Per Os (PO), and bleeding, and also increase arterial oxygen pressure, while respiratory rate, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, cough, nausea and extubation time were not significantly different between the three study groups. |
Atefeh Ghosouri, Mitra Jabalameli , Behzad Nazemroaya, Roxana Najafian ,
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Abstract
Background: More than one-third of women develop headaches in the first week after childbirth. Approximately 75% are benign primary headaches such as migraines or tension headaches. Others are secondary and include headaches of vascular origin or from hypertensive disease, infection, space-occupying lesions and dural puncture. Postdural Puncture Headache (PDPH) is a common and annoying complication of spinal anesthesia, especially in cesarean section. This study compares the impress of an Atropine-Neostigmine mixture and Ondansetron on Post Spinal Puncture Headaches in Cesarean sec.
Methods: This triple-blinded controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 pregnant women candidates for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, that was carried out from May 2021 to August 2021 at Behshti Medical and Education Center affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University (IR.MUI.REC.1400.009) and informed consent was obtained from the patients/legal guardians. This clinical trial was registered at www.irct.ir with identification code IRCT 20160307026950N39.
People were randomly assigned into three groups. A mixture of neostigmine (20 micrograms per kilogram) and atropine (10 micrograms per kilogram) in the first group and 4 mg of Ondansetron in the second group and a similar volume of normal saline in the control group were administered before surgery. Patients were followed up for headaches up to seven days after surgery. The severity of the headache was measured using the VAS scale. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and non-parametric equivalent, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square test, and repeated measure test were used to measure the relationship between the variables.
Methods: This triple-blinded controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 pregnant women candidates for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, that was carried out from May 2021 to August 2021 at Behshti Medical and Education Center affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University (IR.MUI.REC.1400.009) and informed consent was obtained from the patients/legal guardians. This clinical trial was registered at www.irct.ir with identification code IRCT 20160307026950N39.
People were randomly assigned into three groups. A mixture of neostigmine (20 micrograms per kilogram) and atropine (10 micrograms per kilogram) in the first group and 4 mg of Ondansetron in the second group and a similar volume of normal saline in the control group were administered before surgery. Patients were followed up for headaches up to seven days after surgery. The severity of the headache was measured using the VAS scale. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and non-parametric equivalent, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square test, and repeated measure test were used to measure the relationship between the variables.
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Results: Analysis of the data did not show a significant difference between the three groups in terms of headache severity (P=0.788), headache duration, (P=0.723), the time elapsed from lumbar puncturing to the occurrence of the first headache (P=0.653), and the frequency of attempts for correct spinal tap (P=0.685).
Conclusion: none of our considered interventions had a noticeable impress on preventing or reducing PDPH in Cesarean section. |
Ahmad Kachoei, Monireh Mirzaei , Amrolah Salimi, Mostafa Vahidian, Shima Rahimi, Ali Ghalehnoie,
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Abstract
Background: Considering the high prevalence of breast masses and the importance of screening and follow-up for malignancies in women, and since age and hormonal changes during menopause play a role in determining the type of pathology and prognosis of the masses, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between menopause and mass pathology.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional-analytical study that was conducted in order to investigate the types of pathology of breast masses and their relationship with the age of menopause in women referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom between April 2013 and April 2019. The inclusion criteria include: having sufficient file information and having a contact number to complete personal information, no history of cancer in other parts of the body and simultaneous malignancies, and the exclusion criteria also include: samples that were taken by cellular aspiration sampling, There were women who had a history of first-degree breast malignancy and were previously diagnosed with breast cancer and there was a possibility that the new mass under study was metastatic. Finally, the patients' information was extracted from the files and recorded in pre-prepared checklists. And the supplementary information of the incomplete files was asked and completed using the contact information of the patients. After collecting the information, using SPSS software version 26 and with chi-square and t-test statistical tests and considering the significance level of 0.05 the data was analyzed.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional-analytical study that was conducted in order to investigate the types of pathology of breast masses and their relationship with the age of menopause in women referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom between April 2013 and April 2019. The inclusion criteria include: having sufficient file information and having a contact number to complete personal information, no history of cancer in other parts of the body and simultaneous malignancies, and the exclusion criteria also include: samples that were taken by cellular aspiration sampling, There were women who had a history of first-degree breast malignancy and were previously diagnosed with breast cancer and there was a possibility that the new mass under study was metastatic. Finally, the patients' information was extracted from the files and recorded in pre-prepared checklists. And the supplementary information of the incomplete files was asked and completed using the contact information of the patients. After collecting the information, using SPSS software version 26 and with chi-square and t-test statistical tests and considering the significance level of 0.05 the data was analyzed.
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Results: He prevalence of malignancy in postmenopausal women was higher than in premenopausal women. Also, a significant difference was found between tumor size, the presence or absence of metastasis, and menopause (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between tumor location and menopause (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Breast malignancies (invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive mixed carcinoma, mucinous, medullary, and papillary carcinoma) were more common in postmenopausal women than non-menopausal women. In both groups, ductal dilatation and chronic inflammation were the most benign findings, and fibroadenoma was found at a much lower rate in menopausal women than in non-menopausal. |
Nazli Farnoosh, Shahram Seyfi, Khadijeh Ezoji, Asadollah Shakeri, Kayvan Latifi, Parviz Amri Male ,
Volume 81, Issue 8 (November 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 8 (November 2023)
Abstract
Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used as one of the most promising methods to treat hypoxic respiratory failure in COVID-19.
Methods: In this study, the clinical outcomes of 80 patients with acute respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 were evaluated. The disease was confirmed in two methods: clinical and radiographic confirmation of disease in patients with an acute respiratory infection (highly suspected) or in some cases with a positive PCR test. The rate of discharge from the ICU without the need for intubation was evaluated as the primary outcome and based on that, the patients were divided into two groups: NIV failure and NIV success. Mortality rate, length of stay in ICU, frequency of intubated patients and laboratory factors of patients as secondary outcomes in two groups were compared.
Results: Regarding the outcome of death and discharge, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, all patients with corona who were admitted to ICU and received NIV and were intubated due to non-responsiveness to NIV died and the patients were discharged from the hospital without intubation. All the patients investigated in this study, had received antiviral, antibiotic, and glucocorticoid treatment during hospitalization. In this study, the patients who were in the NIV success group and were not intubated had a lower mean age compared to the group without NIV success (54 vs. 67 years, respectively). The number of white blood cells in the NIV success group was 3945.28±10011.21 and in the group without NIV success was 9242.38±17296.16, which was statistically significant (P=0.004). The number of blood neutrophils in the successful and unsuccessful NIV groups was 12.19±83.04 and 4.31±89.49, respectively (P=0.034). The mean APACHEII score in patients in the NIV success group (11.07±5.05) was significantly lower than the group without NIV success (20.16±4.96).
Methods: In this study, the clinical outcomes of 80 patients with acute respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 were evaluated. The disease was confirmed in two methods: clinical and radiographic confirmation of disease in patients with an acute respiratory infection (highly suspected) or in some cases with a positive PCR test. The rate of discharge from the ICU without the need for intubation was evaluated as the primary outcome and based on that, the patients were divided into two groups: NIV failure and NIV success. Mortality rate, length of stay in ICU, frequency of intubated patients and laboratory factors of patients as secondary outcomes in two groups were compared.
Results: Regarding the outcome of death and discharge, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, all patients with corona who were admitted to ICU and received NIV and were intubated due to non-responsiveness to NIV died and the patients were discharged from the hospital without intubation. All the patients investigated in this study, had received antiviral, antibiotic, and glucocorticoid treatment during hospitalization. In this study, the patients who were in the NIV success group and were not intubated had a lower mean age compared to the group without NIV success (54 vs. 67 years, respectively). The number of white blood cells in the NIV success group was 3945.28±10011.21 and in the group without NIV success was 9242.38±17296.16, which was statistically significant (P=0.004). The number of blood neutrophils in the successful and unsuccessful NIV groups was 12.19±83.04 and 4.31±89.49, respectively (P=0.034). The mean APACHEII score in patients in the NIV success group (11.07±5.05) was significantly lower than the group without NIV success (20.16±4.96).
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Conclusion: Mortality was higher in the intubated group than in the NIV group. The combination of APACHEII score and respiratory rate one hour after receiving NIV can predict success with NIV.
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