Showing 71 results for Masoud
Parisa Zakeri, Masoud Amini, Ashraf Aminorroaya, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Awat Feizi,
Volume 79, Issue 9 (December 2021)
Abstract
Background: Examining the course of changes in predictive indicators of future diabetes, such as blood sugar in high-risk individuals including pre-diabetic patients, can provide valuable information about the incidence of diabetes in these individuals. This study aimed to classify people at risk (pre-diabetes) based on the course of changes in their blood sugar and blood lipid and to investigate the incidence of diabetes in these classes on a sample of patients who were referred to the Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center of Isfahan.
Methods: This cohort study was performed based on the information of the Isfahan Diabetes Prevention Plan (IDPs). This project was implemented from April 2004 to March 2018 in the clinics of the Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center of Isfahan. The subjects in this study include 1228 pre-diabetic patients who participated in this project. Demographic and clinical variables of patients including blood sugar and lipid-blood variables were obtained using a questionnaire and laboratory measurements. Also in this study, the number of clinical variables was recorded 3 times. Data analysis was performed using the latent class growth trees model in R software version v4. (R v4.1.0)
Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 44 (6.86) years. Subjects were classified into two classes of low-risk impaired blood sugar (n=1165) and high-risk impaired blood sugar (n=63) based on the trend of changes in blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels were reported in the first class (104.28) and the second class (132.41).
Conclusion: In the present study, it was concluded that there is a significant relationship between the incidence of diabetes and the different classes formed based on the course of changes in blood sugar of at-risk individuals. Therefore, by classifying people at risk, the incidence of this disease can be predicted and thus prevented. Also,measures such as managing the blood sugar and lifestyle variables of pre-diabetic patients through nutrition counseling classes and regular periodic tests can be used to reduce the incidence of diabetes in the future is used in people with pre-diabetes who are at high risk for the disease. |
Seyed Ali Akbar Arabzadeh, Vahid Jamshidi , Masoud Saeed, Rostam Yazdani, Mahdieh Jamshidi,
Volume 79, Issue 10 (January 2022)
Abstract
Background: The clinical field has vast sick data that has not been analyzed. Discovering a way to analyze this raw data and turn it into an information treasure can save many lives. Using data mining methods is an efficient way to analyze this large amount of raw data. It can predict the future with accurate knowledge of the past, providing new insights into disease diagnosis and prevention. Several data mining methods exist but finding a suitable one is very important. Today, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become one of the causing deadly diseases in the world. The early diagnosis of pandemic coronavirus disease has a significant impact in preventing death. This study aims to extract the key indications of the disease and find the best data mining methods that enhance the accuracy of coronavirus disease diagnosis.
Methods: In this study, to obtain high accuracy in diagnosing COVID-19 disease, a complete and effective workflow over data mining methods was proposed, which includes these steps: data pre-analyzing, indication selection, model creation, the measure of performance, and display of results. Data and related indications of patients with COVID-19 were collected from Kerman Afzalipour Hospital and Rafsanjan, Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital. Prediction structures were made and tested via different combinations of the disease indications and seven data mining methods. To discover the best key indications, three criteria including accuracy, validation and F-value were applied and to discover the best data mining methods, accuracy and validation criteria were considered. For each data mining method, the criteria were measured independently and all results were reported for analysis. Finally, the best key indications and data mining methods that can diagnose COVID-19 disease with high accuracy were extracted.
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Results: 9 key indications and 3 data mining methods were obtained. Experimental results show that the discovered key indications and the best-operating data mining method (i.e. SVM) attain an accuracy of 83.19% for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease.
Conclusion: Due to key indications and data mining methods obtained from this study, it is possible to use this method to diagnose coronavirus disease in different people of different clinical indications with high accuracy.
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Negar Heidari , Paria Heidari, Nader Salari, Hakimeh Akbari, Masoud Mohammadi,
Volume 79, Issue 12 (March 2022)
Abstract
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Background: Parkinson's disease is one of the chronic neurological diseases. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's, affecting 7.5 million people worldwide and its rate is expected to increase by 20% by 2020. three symptoms of tremor, muscle stiffness and movement disorders are among the main diagnostic symptoms of the disease. The prevalence of Parkinson's worldwide varies between 18 and 418 cases per 100,000 people per year. It is generally estimated that the prevalence of this disease in the general population is 0.3%. A systematic review study was performed to determine the factors associated with Parkinson's disease.
Methods: This study was a systematic review that was conducted by searching national and international databases until February 2020. Initially, all articles which had mentioned Parkinson-related factors were collected and accepted by researchers based on studies. Entry and exit criteria were met. Exclusion criteria included irrelevant items, duplication of studies, unclear procedure, and lack of access to the full text of the study. To reduce bias, articles were evaluated independently by two researchers, and the quality of articles was assessed using the STROBE checklist. All final articles submitted to the systematic review process were prepared by a template checklist. Checklists included article title, first author’s name, year of publication, place of study, risk factors, protective factors, and ineffective factors or the ones which their effects have not yet been determined, and the average age.
Results: In these studies, the following risk factors were reported: family history, agricultural occupation, literacy, stress, well water consumption, aging, environmental factors, genetic factors, pesticide exposure, and alcohol abuse. On the other hand, factors such as smoking and oilseeds, high levels of B-complex vitamins, female estrogen hormones, and selenium have been reported to protect against Parkinson's disease.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the present study and although there is no definitive treatment for this disease, protective factors and risk factors should be seriously considered by health policymakers for preventive measures.
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Marzieh Khademi, Maryam Masaeli, Mehdi Azarmnia, Masoud Shahabian, Maziar Karamnejad, Mohammad Reza Azimi Aval , Azadeh Asghari Birbaneh,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (July 2022)
Abstract
Background: Trauma is one of the most common causes of death in all ages. Considering the prevalence of trauma in the general population, and its costs and complications, it is important to use aiding tools to accelerate the diagnosis in order to act in time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound in diagnosing nerve and tendon injuries in the upper extremities.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study, which was carried out at the emergency department of the Besat Hospital, Tehran from march 2018 to march 2019. The statistical population was all patients who had been referred with deep lacerations in upper extremities and had injuries in the superficial or deep compartments (nerves/ tendons). For all the patients who met the inclusion criteria, bedside sonography with 11 Mhz Linear probe was performed by the researcher and under the supervision of the radiologist. The results were compared with the results from local exploration of the wounds. Local exploration of the wounds was also done under the surgeon's supervision. After completing the sample size and data collection, SPSS software, version 22 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis
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Results: In this study, from 144 patients with penetrating trauma in the upper extremities, 56 patients were suspected with nerve injuries and 50 patients were suspected with tendon injuries. After evaluation with an ultrasound probe, 21 out of 23 cases suspected of nerve injuries were confirmed by local exploration. Local exploration confirmed that 27 out of 28 cases were suspected of tendon injuries. The accuracy of ultrasound in the assessment of nerve damage was estimated at 99.64% and in tendon damage at 92%, and the sensitivity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of nerve damage was 91.30% and in the diagnosis of tendon damage was 96.42%.
Conclusion: By the results of this research it can be concluded, that ultrasound leads to a faster diagnosis. It provides a wider field of view, can reduce possible secondary injuries and increases the accuracy of the diagnosis.
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Masoud Mohammadi ,
Volume 80, Issue 5 (August 2022)
Abstract
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Majid Zamani, Masoudeh Babakhanian , Farhad Heydari , Mohammad Nasr-Esfahani , Mohammad Mahdi Zarezadeh ,
Volume 80, Issue 7 (October 2022)
Abstract
Background: In addition to heart disease, ECG also changes in non-heart disease, which due to its similarity, can lead to misdiagnosis of heart disease in patients. ECG changes in brain lesions such as ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, brain traumas, etc. and have been studied in many articles, but the effects of brain midline shift on ECG changes have not been studied. In this study, we want to examine these changes.
Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Patients with brain tumors who were referred to Al-Zahra and Kashani hospitals in Isfahan from April 2019 to March 2021 were selected. Patients with a history of heart disease, patients receiving medications that cause ECG changes, patients with ECG changes due to non-cardiac and cerebral causes, and individuals under 15 years of age were not included in the study. Patients whose ECG changes were due to electrolyte disturbances or acute heart problems were also excluded from the study. After obtaining informed consent from patients, a CT scan or brain MRI was taken and patients were divided into two groups with and without midline shift. Then the ECG was taken and ECG changes (T wave, ST segment, QTc Interval, QRS prolongation) were compared in two groups of brain tumors with and without midline shift.
Results: 136 patients were included in the study. Of these, 69 patients were in the without midline shift group and 67 patients were in the midline shift group. In the midline shift group, 3% of patients had ST segment changes and 23.9% had T wave changes, which were 1.4% and 10.1% in the without midline shift group, respectively. The mean QTc Interval in the two groups without and with midline shift was 338.26 (4 28.438) and 388.66 (37.855), respectively, and the mean QRS in the without midline shift group was 86.09 (88.9.88) ms and in the midline shift group was 94.63 (±12.83) ms.
Conclusion: Brain midline shifts can cause QRS widening, QTc interval prolongation, and T-wave changes in patients' ECGs.
Sajad Ataei, Masoud Zeinali, Azim Motamedfar, Maryam Moradi, Hossein Jafari Marandi ,
Volume 80, Issue 9 (December 2022)
Abstract
Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common spine disorders, which is seen in 65-80% of people. Knowing the normal patterns of spine and pelvic parameters is very helpful in determining the susceptible subjects for CLBP.
Methods: This study was conducted in healthy people during April 2017 until April 2018 in Golestan hospital of Ahvaz. Inclusion criteria include; Age group 20-65 years, no history of surgery, spine disorders, and having normal radiographs were performed. People who have complained of back pain in the last three months, neuromuscular disease, lumbosacral anomalies, kyphosis and obvious scoliosis, history of spine surgery and vertebral fracture, were excluded. A 36-inch radiology stereotype was prepared in the standing position. Pelvic and spine parameters that were investigated in this research included the following, Pelvic incidence, Pelvic tilt, Sagittal Vertical Axis, T9 Sagittal Angle, Thoracic Kyphosis, Lumbar Lordosis, and Sacral Slope. All data were analyzed with SPSS software, version 24 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
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Results: 50 participants including 27(54%) men and 23(46%) women with an average age of 33±12.5 years and BMI of 25±5.5 kg/m2 were examined. After examining the vertebral and pelvic parameters, it was found that PI is significantly higher in women than in men (P=0.02). It was also found that with increasing age, the amount of Pelvic incidence also increases (P=0.043), so that in people over 60 years of age, the amount of pelvic incidence is significantly higher than other people (P<0.05). Further analyzes showed that BMI has a direct effect on the amount of Thoracic Kyphosis (P=0.03) and Lumbar Lordosis (P=0.04). Thus, the highest amount of Lumbar Lordosis and Thoracic Kyphosis was seen in people with BMI 30-34.9 Kg/m2.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that spine and pelvis indices have an important effect on the occurrence of CLBP. Hence, it is highly recommended to check these parameters in asymptomatic people, especially in older people.
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Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Hossein Karimi Moonaghi , Seyed Masoud Hosseini, Hassan Gholami, Vahid Ghavami,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Background: According to numerous research related to learning styles and also the difference of these styles in students, this study was designed in order to determine the status of learning styles in medical students in Iran.
Methods: This study was conducted as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Searching for articles in this study was done from September 24 to October 15, 2022 in databases: Proquest, PubMed, Iran medex, Scopus, Sid, Magiran, Google Scholar, Eric and medical education journals. The research environment of Iran has been Mashhad. Using the PICOTS model, the keywords: learning styles, clubs, medical students were used to search the mentioned databases. OR, AND operators and possible combinations of keywords were used when searching for articles in databases. The extracted articles were first evaluated in terms of the research title, then the abstract of the article, and finally the text of the article using the "PRISMA Checklist". In each stage, repetitive articles and articles that did not mention the percentage of learning styles were excluded from the study, and the articles that met the inclusion criteria were stored in the (EndNote software, version 20, Clarivate, USA), and at the end, 53 articles were analyzed.
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Results: The results of the study showed that the most used learning styles among students of medical sciences in Iran was convergent learning style (32% with 95% confidence interval). In the investigation of the adaptive learning style in the fields of basic sciences during the years 2006 to 2021, the percentage of using this style increased and this trend was statistically significant (P=0.0078).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, the most used learning style in medical sciences in Iran is convergent learning style, and considering the characteristics of convergent people, it is necessary to provide effective and efficient training in medical sciences to Students' learning styles should be given special attention so that training can be guided based on their learning styles.
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Maliheh Aminian, Masoud Mohammadi,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Loghman Barani, Hossein Jafari Marandi , Masoud Zeinali, Hossein Safari,
Volume 81, Issue 2 (May 2023)
Abstract
Background: Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) is one of the catastrophic events, the rate of which has been growing compared to the past decades. Complications caused by TSCI have a wide spectrum and can range from complete paralysis to numbness of the limbs. Additional to the injury severity and disability of the patient, the recovery rate depends on the treatment strategies. Despite extensive efforts and research in this field, there are still few treatment options for TSCI patients. Controversial results have been reported, however, spinal cord decompression is the only certainty for the treatment of these patients. In the present study, patients with thoracic and lumbar fractures were undergone decompression, less and more than 24 hours, and the recovery rate (RR) was compared after 6 months.
Methods: In this study, patients with lumbar and thoracic fractures who were referred to the neurosurgery department of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital during May 2019 to December 2021 were included. Decompression was performed at the fracture level as a total and at the upper and lower levels of the fracture as a partial decompression. To evaluate fine motor movements, picking up a small object with toes and following a rectangular path were used. Also, the gross motor movements, upper and lower proximal and distal muscle forces were measured.
| Results: 160 patients including 133 men (83.1%) and 16.9% women (27) with 36±12 years mean age were included. The most fracture location was lumbar (53.1%), followed by the thoracic (43.1%) and fractures in both regions (3.8%). The most injured vertebras were L1 (27.5%) and T12 (18.8%). Six months later, 61.9% of patients had a good score for removing a small object with toe, of which 67.5% belonged to patients with<24 hours surgery (P=0.01). Also, RR for ability to follow a rectangle (P=0.017) and lower limit gross motor were significantly better in patients with<24 surgery (P=0.02). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups for improved sensations (P<0.05). |
Conclusion: This study showed that decompression<24 hours in TSCI is associated with a significant improvement in lower fine movements.
Farzaneh Boluki Moghaddam , Zhaleh Yousefi, Ali Baghery Hagh , Masoud Latifipour, Mahdi Raei,
Volume 81, Issue 3 (June 2023)
Abstract
Background: Respiratory support during the patient's anesthesia is done in different ways, such as endotracheal intubation and laryngeal mask. Endotracheal intubation is inevitably used for respiratory support in general anesthesia patients. The use of alternative methods for respiratory support during the process of general anesthesia is one of the most significant ways to control anesthesia complications. The laryngeal mask is placed around the larynx to allow spontaneous and controlled ventilation. Both of the respiratory support methods can cause complications. The purpose of this study is to compare the side effects of sore throat and hoarseness caused by two methods in surgical patients.
Methods: This study was conducted in the period from September to November 2022 on patients who were referred and underwent surgery at Baqiyatallah Hospital. The study is a cohort study that was conducted retrospectively on 60 patients who underwent any surgery with two methods of anesthesia by ETI and LMA. In order to evaluate hoarseness, the standard Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) questionnaire was used. In order to evaluate the complication of sore throat caused by the respiratory support method, a 4-point pain checklist was used for 24 hours and 14 days after the surgery.
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Results: The findings of our study showed that the average amount of sore throat 24 hours after surgery in the LMA and ETI groups was 2.13 and 2.2, respectively, and these values 14 days later were 1.17 and 1.07, respectively. The average level of hoarseness in the 24 hours after surgery in LMA and ETI groups was 2.66 and 3.13, respectively. The statistical comparison of the severity of side effects between the two groups showed that in the LMA method, the amount of sore throat and hoarseness is less than the ETI method, although this reduction does not have a significant difference.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the rate of complications of sore throat and hoarseness in the laryngeal mask group is reduced compared to the endotracheal intubation group, although this difference is not significant.
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Sogol Shirzad, Zeinab Karimi, Mehdi Mohsen Zadeh , Masoud Mohammadi,
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Abstract
Background: Neutropenia refers to a decrease in the absolute number of neutrophils in the blood circulation, certain drugs are used in connection with the treatment of neutropenia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and compare the efficacy of filgrastim and lenograstim drug treatment in patients with neutropenia in a systematic review.
Methods: This study is a systematic review study conducted in connection with the comparison of the effectiveness of filgrastim and lenograstim in neutropenic patients based on the search in Google scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Irandoc, SID, Magiran databases in the time range of January 2000 to August 2023. This systematic review was based on the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, including systematic search of databases, organization of documents for review, selection of studies, information extraction and finally presentation of the final report. The keywords used for searching in this study were selected based on published primary studies and MESH, and after a detailed examination of the study questions, they were selected according to the PECO criteria.
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Results: 1099 articles were identified in the review of the investigated databases, and after removing duplicate articles, unrelated articles, as well as articles that did not have access to their full text or did not have the required information, eight studies were the final phase, and were checked. Out of the eight selected articles, three articles declared the effectiveness of lenograstim more than filgrastim. Two articles mentioned the greater effect of filgrastim and three articles published in recent years declared the effect of two drugs to be the same. Among these articles, the studies that considered the drug dosage to be the same in the investigated groups and the studies that had a larger statistical population in order to generalize to the society are more important.
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Conclusion: According to studies conducted in recent years, both filgrastim and lenograstim recombinant drugs have the same effectiveness in the treatment of neutropenia.
Shima Kashani, Seyed Masoud Moosavi , Iraj Nazari , Hossein Minaei,
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Abstract
Background: Vascular traumas are among the important traumas, most of which lead to significant complications due to the lack of correct and timely diagnosis, considering the frequency of penetrating vascular injuries, especially in our country and Khuzestan province, as well as the complications and mortality caused by injuries. This study was designed to investigate the effect of vascular surgery intervention on patients with arterial injury of forearm trauma.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all trauma patients suspected of penetrating forearm arterial injuries in terms of age, sex, type of trauma, location of trauma, type of intervention, location of arterial repair, angiographic and clinical findings including damaged arteries, type of injury Arterial fracture or dislocation. The proximity of vascular damage and the complications of surgical interventions are investigated.
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Results: The results of this study showed that among the penetrating trauma patients requiring surgical intervention, 90.4% were men and only 6.9% were women. The average age of the patients was 32 years. The most frequent trauma requiring surgical intervention in this study was primary repair of a stab wound in the ulnar artery and the least was due to explosive. According to the obtained results, there was a statistically significant relationship between the amount of bleeding, the days of hospitalization and the duration of the operation with the type of trauma. The most damaged artery was ulnar artery 7.50% and the most type of arterial damage was arterial cut with active bleeding (7.39%).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the most damage was in the ulnar artery caused by trauma with sharp objects (knives). The incidence of complications in primary repair surgery was higher than other types of surgical interventions, and there was a statistically significant relationship between the amount of bleeding, days of hospitalization, and duration of surgery with the type of trauma.
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Dorsa Mannani, Masoud Mohammadi,
Volume 81, Issue 8 (November 2023)
Abstract
Mostafa Kazemi , Mohammad Hossain Dadkhah Tehrani , Ali Asghar Khaleghi, Masoud Mohammadi ,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, which is associated with a high prevalence, especially in the elderly male population. Treatment options for non-metastatic prostate cancer usually include active surveillance, radiotherapy and surgery, so the aim of the present study is a systematic review of brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Methods: The study conducted is a systematic review article in which a review of the treatment of prostate cancer with brachytherapy has been done. The information used is taken from articles published in Persian and English in Google scholar, SID and PubMed databases from 2000 to 2022. The selected keywords in this article included Brachy therapy, Prostate cancer, Radio therapy, Prostate neoplasms, High dose rate, Low dose rate and External beam radio therapy. Selection of studies was done according to PRISMA guidelines.
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Results: Brachytherapy can be classified into 2 types of permanent implantation and temporary implantation based on the length of the treatment period. In permanent brachytherapy implants for prostate cancer, iodine (125I) or palladium (103Pd) are used as radioactive sources for low dose rate cases and for high dose rate brachytherapy. Iridium (192Ir) is used. Brachytherapy is usually used in two ways, either as a monotherapy in which LDR and HDR are used to treat some low-risk patients, or as a booster treatment after other treatments such as EBRT, which here may be part of the treatment process before, after, or during treatment. In contrast to brachytherapy alone, brachytherapy plus EBRT is an appropriate approach in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk disease. In high-risk patients, the combined use of EBRT and HDR-BT can lead to better results than EBRT alone. Brachytherapy treatment is not suitable for every disease.
Conclusion: One of the main advantages of this treatment method is the ability to administer a high dose of radiation while minimizing radiation exposure to adjacent healthy organs. Since optimal dose distribution occurs in the treatment, quality treatment can be ensured. The results obtained from both forms of brachytherapy are generally suitable and comparable to other treatment methods with fewer side effects.
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Arghavan Afra, Pouriya Nafari, Masoud Foroutan, Mahboobeh Momtazan , Naser Kamyari,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: Correct clinical decision-making has a significant impact on the treatment process, achieving the expected clinical outcome and increasing patient satisfaction, and identifying the factors affecting it is essential for evidence-based medical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between evidence-based medicine with academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy of medical students.
Methods: This descriptive analytical study conducted from October 2022 to October 2023 on 45 medical students at Abadan University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining consent from the students and registering demographic and educational information, data collection was performed using evidence-based medicine, academic self-efficacy, and research self-efficacy questionnaires. Then data analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and regression model in SPSS.
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Results: The findings of our study showed that research self-efficacy in students who had research experience (189.03) was significantly higher than students who did not have research experience (140.76). In addition, the average score of academic and research self-efficacy and evidence-based medicine in students who had a history of membership in the student research committee was significantly higher than students who did not have a history of membership. Finally, it was found that evidence-based medicine had a direct and significant relationship with research self-efficacy (r=0.361, P<0.05) and academic self-efficacy (r=0.457, P<0.001). In examining the relationship between academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy, it was also found that these two variables have a direct and significant relationship with each other (r=0.714, P<0.001). As well as, there was no significant relationship between academic self-efficacy, research self-efficacy, and understanding the characteristics of evidence-based practice with any of the variables of age, gender and entry year (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy have an effect on evidence-based medicine, and all of the above can be improved by teaching medical students to participate in student research committees and doing research work. In this way, it improves the quality of treatment in doctors.
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Navid Kalani, Masoud Ghanei, Hossein Hakimelahi,
Volume 82, Issue 10 (January 2025)
Abstract
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Background: Varicocele, defined as an abnormal enlargement and tortuosity of the veins in the pampiniform plexus, is the most common cause of correctable male infertility that might increase chance of fertility even in presence of further male factor infertility causes. While it is well known to be reason of fertility in male and is easy to treat, here we present a case with 20 years of infertility due to missed opportunity of varicocelectomy.
Case Presentation: A 39-year-old male patient with a family history of infertility for about 20 years was referred for azoospermia and stated that after two testicular biopsies and failure to obtain sperm in one of the equipped infertility treatment centers, he was recommended to receive a donated embryo, but he wanted to have his biological child genetically. In the history taken, he had a history of mild left varicocele and no other clinical problems, and mild bilateral varicocele was evident on examination. Karyotype and Y chromosome examination were normal, and hormonal tests and gonadotropin and testosterone levels were within normal limits. Semen volume was 1 ml in two tests one month apart, and semen was alkaline. The patient underwent microscopic bilateral varicocelectomy with an inguinal incision. The patient underwent fluoroscopy, vasography, which showed distal dilatation of both Vas deferens. Diluted methylene blue solution was also injected into the vas deferens and Folley was fixed. But the urine color did not turn blue, so the patient's position was changed to lithotomy and the patient underwent resection of the ejaculatory duct via the urethra, that is the Verumontanum was resected with a cautery-cutting cautery. Three months later, the patient presented with a completely normal semen analysis. The patient was advised to try to conceive at least four months after the operation. Two months later, pregnancy occurred again, and after 9 months, a healthy male fetus was born by cesarean section.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that varicocele treatment can significantly improve fertility parameters and enhance the chances of successful conception in affected patients. The most important suggestion of this case report is to highlight the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of varicocele as a correctable cause of male infertility. Unfortunately, our patient suffered from infertility for 20 years due to not undergoing varicocelectomy. Even obstruction treatment may not necessarily be needed in this case, as a sole varicocelectomy might make sperm extraction possible for further in vitro procedures.
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Naseh Yousefi, Katayoun Moradi, Korosh Mansouri , Simin Sajadi , Masoud Torabi ,
Volume 82, Issue 12 (March 2025)
Abstract
Background: The most common cause of Shoulder pain is inflammation in the subacromial bursa. Intra-bursal corticosteroid injections are one of the most common methods in cases of bursitis. Recently, botulinum toxin A injection has also been used as a safe treatment in these patients. This injection does not have many of corticosteroid disadvantages. The most important disadvantages of this method are its cost. This study was performed to compare corticosteroids with botulinum toxin A in the treatment of subacromial bursitis by single injection.
Methods: This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial performed on patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy who were referred to the physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic of Iran University of Medical Sciences from November 2020 to October 2021. 54 patients with signs and symptoms of rotator cuff tendinopathy, were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of botulinum toxin A or corticosteroid injection. Routine treatment included exercise training for all patients. Patient's symptoms were assessed using VAS, Constant Score and SPADI criteria before treatment, two weeks and two months after injection.
Results: In the VAS study, both groups showed an improvement over baseline (P=0.000), which was significantly greater in the corticosteroid group. VAS between the first and second follow-up showed a decrease in the botulinum toxin A group and an increase in the corticosteroid group. In the Constant Score and SPADI study, both groups showed an improvement over baseline.
Conclusion: This study showed that a single-session injection of botulinum toxin A is less effective than corticosteroid in controlling symptoms of these patients. However, the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A, remains 2 months and unlike corticosteroid, has more reliability and durability.
Saeideh Baghaei Barjini , Mozhgan Masoudi , Soheila Pirdadeh Beiranvand , Ashraf Moieni , Soodabeh Zare,
Volume 82, Issue 12 (March 2025)
Abstract
Background: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is one of the infertility treatments that may lead to various levels of stress and anxiety in women at different stages. Multiple factors may contribute to these psychological disorders. This study aimed to assess the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression before embryo transfer in women undergoing ICSI.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from July to October 2024 on 70 women candidates for ICSI at Arash Women's Hospital in Tehran, prior to embryo transfer. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria included at least three years of infertility, no background in psychology or attendance in counseling sessions, no major physical or mental illnesses, and no severe stressful events in the past six months (such as the death of first-degree relatives or major accidents). Participants could withdraw from the study at any time. The DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale) was used to assess stress and anxiety levels. Based on the DASS-21, stress scores of 0-14 were considered normal or mild, 15-18 mild, 19-25 moderate, 26-32 severe, and ≥33 very severe. For anxiety, scores of 0-7 were considered normal or mild, 8-9 mild, 10-14 moderate, 15-19 severe, and ≥20 very severe. The validity of the tool was confirmed by Antony and validated in Iran by Sahebi.
Results: Among the 70 participants, 92.8% experienced stress and anxiety. The mean stress score was 20.77±4.87, and the mean anxiety score was 11.70±4.23, indicating moderate levels. Women over 42 years old had significantly lower stress scores compared to others (P<0.001). Conversely, women under 30 showed significantly higher anxiety scores (P<0.01). No significant associations were found between stress/anxiety and other demographic or infertility-related factors (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that women undergoing embryo transfer in ICSI procedures commonly experience stress and anxiety. Therefore, appropriate psychological interventions are recommended to support this group during treatment.
Mahsa Hojjati, Mahshid Rashidi, Ali Asghar Khaleghi, Maryam Nasirian, Seyed Hassan Faghihi, Masoud Mohammadi,
Volume 83, Issue 3 (June 2025)
Abstract
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the main causes of vaginitis and cervical inflammation worldwide. Almost half of sexually transmitted and curable diseases worldwide can be assessed through the examination of this disease, so the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in Iranian women.
Methods: This study is a review of the SID, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, conducted up to September 2023. The extracted data were analyzed using CMA software (version 2). A search of articles in Science Direct, SID, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement criteria, including systematic search, screening of articles, and selection of appropriate studies. The words used for the search and final review in this systematic review were determined based on MESH Terms in the PubMed database. These keywords that were used and selected in this study were in English and Persian. The final information obtained from the studies was reviewed and analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA, Version 2) software, and finally the heterogeneity of the studies was examined with the I2 test.
Results: Based on the search for studies and their screening, 22 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. This study included a sample size of 49,990 Iranian women who were included in the study. In the heterogeneity analysis based on the studies obtained, the heterogeneity was 99.7. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, the random effects method was used for the final analysis. The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Iranian women was reported to be 9.3 (95% CI: 4.6-18) based on the 22 final studies and meta-analysis. The publication bias analysis indicated the absence of bias in the studies (p: 0.175).
Conclusion: Based on the prevalence report in the meta-analysis, a relatively high prevalence was reported in Iranian women, and this situation requires more awareness raising through health centers to families, as well as care and screening of women in these centers and also in obstetric centers.
