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Showing 37 results for عسگری
The relationship between cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein and neonatal meningitis
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabai ,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Meningitis is one of the serious and dangerous infections in the infancy and childhood and rapid diagnosis of meningococcal disease is important, especially in infants. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in blood and is an acute phase protein. CRP sensitive reactive that used for diagnosis of infection. This study conducted to assessment of the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein, and neonatal meningitis, as well as diagnostic value of test. Methods: Forty nine hospitalized infant that suspected to meningitis were enrolled in this analytic cross sectional research via non probable accessible sampling. 28 patients (52.7%) of all the patients were male and 21 patients (42.8%) were female. The average age of the patients was 22.6±11.88 days. Data from clinical examinations and laboratory tests entered in a questionnaire and all of samples divided in two bacterial (septic) and non-bactria (aseptic) meningitis group. All data including cerebrospinal fluid CRP of newborns were statistically analyzed. Results: In total, the mean and standard deviation of age was 22.6±11.88 days. 57.2% of infants were male and 42.8% were female. In total, 40.82% of infants were diagnosed with septic meningitis. There was no significant difference between septic and aseptic groups in terms of sex (P= 1.00) also in terms of age (P= 0.1). The mean and standard deviation of CRP level in septic meningitis group was 0.95±0.68 mg/L and in aseptic group was 0.16±0.36 mg/L. The CRP level difference in septic meningitis group compare with aseptic group was statistically significant (P<0.000). The finding showed that cut off point for CRP level as a diagnostic test was 0.17 mg/L, sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 86%. Conclusion: In the present study, newborns with septic meningitis had higher cerebrospinal fluid CRP level than newborns with aseptic meningitis, and CSF-CRP can be used in rapid diagnosis of septic and aseptic meningitis. Although this result has been seen in many studies, but more research is needed.
Vitamin A, D and zinc serum levels in children with and without acute respiratory tract infection in two university hospitals
Shima Javadi-Nia , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Anahita Izadi , Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabaei ,
Volume 71, Issue 12 (March 2014)
Abstract
Background: Severity of respiratory infection in children is depended on various fac-tors such as causative organism and the host immunologic response to the organism. Vitamins and micronutrients play an important role in this response with supporting the immune system and therefore, the response to infections. Nutritional deprivations in children, especially vitamins and micronutrients such as zinc, vitamin A and vitamin D are very common in middle east and other countries in Asia, which is due to inappro-priate diet and nutrient loss in recurrent infections. This study aimed to evaluate the se-rum levels of vitamins A, D and zinc in hospitalized children aged six months to five years. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was performed in 65 children aged six months to five years who were hospitalized in pediatric and surgical wards of Rasul Akram Hospital and Bahrami Hospital in Tehran. All of samples were evaluated ac-cording to WHO cri-teria for acute respiratory infection, and underwent measurement of serum vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc levels by using Atomic, Elisa and spectropho-tometer methods. Results: Serum levels of vitamins A in patients with acute respiratory infection was 0.27±0.16 µg/ml and in children without infection was 0.41±0.2 µg/ml, that different wasn’t statistically significant (P=0.4). Serum levels of vitamins D in patients with acute respiratory infection was 35.37±34.68 ng/ml and in children without infection was 45.78±21.05 ng/ml, that different wasn’t statistically significant (P=0.1). Serum levels of zinc in patients with acute respiratory infection was 87.93±23.34 µg/dl and in chil-dren without infection was 106.95±23.70 µg/dl, the difference was statistically signifi-cant (P=0.002). Conclusion: According to finding in this trial, there is a correlation between lower levels of zinc in serum, and chance of respiratory tract infection in children. Future larger studies could provide the correlation between serum levels of vitamins A & D and chance of respiratory tract infection.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin level in wound samples of hospitalized children with burn: a case control study
Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Samileh Noorbaksh , Behnam Soboti , Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi , Azardokht Tabatabaee ,
Volume 72, Issue 2 (May 2014)
Abstract
Background: Toxic shock syndrome (TSS), a dangerous consequence of Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The early detection for infections of Staphylococcus aureus in burned children is very important, also the pre-vention for consequences of TSST-1. Fever is one of the most noticeable sign in burned children. On the other hand, fever is one of the important consequences of TSST-1 pro-duction. Methods: This study aimed to assess the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 level in the wound’s specimens of two groups febrile and afebrile in the hospitalized burned chil-dren in Motahari hospital Tehran, Iran in the year 2013. In this case-control study, 90 children who admitted to the burn unit, divided in two groups of 45 patients: febrile (cases group) and afebrile (control group). All of burned children under went wound biopsy, and then all of wound’s specimens were tested by PCR for specific primer of toxin producing genome. Finally all of data collected and statistically analyzed. This data include group febrile and afebrile, demographic characteristics, percentage of burned surface severity and result of PCR. Results: The positive result for PCR test, production of TSST-1 in febrile burned chil-dren (cases group) was 37.7% and in afebrile burned children (control group) was 11.1% that this different was statistically significant (P=0.003). The mean and stan-dard deviation for percentage of burned surface (severity) in samples with positive re-sult for PCR test was 30.9±16.93 and in samples with negative result for PCR test was 20.09±11.02 that this different was statistically significant (P=0.01). There was no dif-ference between positive PCR result and negative PCR result of age and sex. Conclusion: Direct association was approved between the production of TSST-1 and the occurrence of fever in burned children. Increased surface severity of burns also re-lated to the production of TSST-1. Further research is recommended.
Serum lead levels of cord blood in newborn immediately after birth
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Azardokht Tabatabaei , Bahman Ahmadi , Ramin Asgarian , Shima Javadi-Nia,
Volume 72, Issue 8 (November 2014)
Abstract
Background: Assessment of the serum lead’s concentration in the newborn immediately after birth can be effective for the detection of lead poisoning in the early stages and prevent of developmental disorders and neuropsychiatric behaviors. This study aimed to assess the serum lead levels of cord blood in some of the hospitalized newborns. Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the newborns ward of two hospitals (Rasoul Akram and Akbar Abadi) From December 2011 to October 2012 in Tehran, Iran. After non-probability sampling, 60 newborns in the first days after birth, underwent the cord blood sampling and the cord blood lead levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Then all of data were collected and analyzed. The serum lead concentration greater than 5 μg/dl was considered valuable. Results: In total, 61.4% of samples were boys. The mean (±SD) of gestational age was 37.4±2.64 weeks and mean (±SD) of birth weight was 2701±642.8g. The mean (±SD) of maternal age was 29.20±6.73 years. 70% of mothers were urban. 13% of mothers had a history of drug use, and 5% were current smokers. The mean (±SD) of the serum lead level of cord blood was 2.97±2.24 μg/dl. This level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking. This level in the 16.7% of samples was greater than 5 μg/dl (high risk cases). High risk level was associated with maternal age, weight and fetal age (P=0.02, P=0.004, P=0.03), but this level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking. Conclusion: Serum lead level of cord blood was relatively higher than other studies, although the prevalence of the high risk newborns (serum blood lead levels greater than 5 μg/dl) was low. Further research has recommended assessing the serum lead level in other newborns in the different areas to identify risk factors of neuromotor outcome in infants to prevent.
Comparative study on cytotoxicity effect of biological and commercial synthesized nanosilver on human gastric carcinoma and normal lung fibroblast cell lines
Mohammad Ali Rashmezad , Elahe Ali Asgary, Farzaneh Tafvizi , Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz, Amir Mirzaie ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (March 2015)
Abstract
Background: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has attracted the attention of the scientific community in nanotechnology and biotechnology due to their extensive application in the area of material sciences and medicine. Nowadays, despite a various application of nanomaterial’s, there is a little information about their impact on human health. In this study, we investigated the comparative study on cytotoxicity effect of biological and commercial synthesized nanosilver on human gastric carcinoma (AGS) and normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cell lines. Methods: The current experimental study was carried out in Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, from April to November 2014. The biological synthesis of nanosilver was obtained from Eucalyptus plant extract as a reducing agent. Further to more analysis, morphological study on size and shape of developed biological nanosilver was characterized by performing scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. AGS and MCR-5 cell lines were treated with various concentration of nanosilver for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Finally, the cell viability was evaluated by using MTT assay. Results: The results show that the nanosilver exerts a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on viability of cells. At 100µg/mL of commercial and biological synthesized nanosilver, the viability of AGS was reduced to 7.47±0.002% (P=0.002) and 3.65±0.01% (P=0.003) after 72 hours, respectively. In addition, the viability of MRC-5 at the same condition was reduced to 10.27±0.19% (P=0.001) and 9.16±1.53% (P=0.002), respectively. Conclusion: Based on a thorough literature surveys, the present study is the first research about biosynthesis of nanosilver using Eucalyptus plant extract. This eco-friendly and cost effective method can be used for large scale production of silver nanoparticle. In addition, based on the current obtained data, commercial and biological synthesized nanosilver can more inhibitory effect on cancer cells compared to the normal cells. Hence, silver nanoparticles might be used as a new strategy for treating many human cancers. However, further studies are necessary to ascertain their potential as anticancer agents.
The burden of statin therapy in urban population of Iran based on new ACC/AHA guideline
Samaneh Asgari , Davood Khalili , Fereidoun Azizi , Fatemeh Eskandari , Narges Sarbazi , Farzad Hadaegh ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (March 2015)
Abstract
Background: In Nov 2013, the instruction for controlling high cholesterol has been released by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) which need to be assessed in the different communities. Methods: Of total 6275 individual aged 40-75 years who entered at the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study from March 1999 to 20 March 2010 in first examination cycle, 5153 with the median follow-up of more than ten years were eligible to enter in this study. The 10-year risk of hard cardiovascular disease (Hard CVD) for Statin therapy based on ACC/AHA clinical guideline was calculated and this risk was calculated for each subgroup of the guideline who recommended for statin therapy comparing to the risk in individuals with prevalent CVD. Results: Of nearly 6.5 million urban population of Iran (according to the 1996 census) about 4 million individuals (2.55 million men and 1.4 million women) were eligible for statin therapy. With respect to the urban population growth from the 1996 to the 2011 census (about 2.5 percent increases) the number of individuals for receiving statin increased by 50% (5 million men and 3 million women). Also, the risk in non-diabetic men with calculated risk of 5-7.5% and diabetic women with calculated risk of <5% for hard CVD was lower than 0.2. By removing these people from total eligible population, the burden of statin therapy will reduced about 8% which is about 540.752 persons, according to the Census 1996 and 1.155.079 individuals based on the census 2011. Conclusion: The new guideline of ACC/AHA for statin therapy is relatively reasonable except for some subgroups. To reduce the burden of medical expenses, statin prescription can be ignored by physicians in these subgroups. Of course further research is required to calculate the net benefit for estimating the clinical usefulness of statin therapy in recommended guideline subgroups.
Diagnostic value of the level of interleukins in cerebrospinal fluid in children meningitis
Behnam Soboti , Shima Javadinia , Samileh Noorbaksh , Ramin Asgarian , Nastaran Khosravi , Azardokht Tabatabaee ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (March 2015)
Abstract
Background: Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) culture for distinction between aseptic and bacterial meningitis can be difficult and long-term, and other diagnostic methods are under studying. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value for the levels of Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-8 of CSF in the children and adolescent with meningitis. Methods: Fifty-one patient with meningitis between one month and 18 year included in a Cross-Sectional Studies in the Rasul Hospital, Tehran, from 2012 to 2014. All of samples underwent aspiration of CSF. The routine tests performed that include culture coloring and biochemical of CSF. The concentrations of IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) method and all of data were analyzed. Results: Frequency of bacterial and aseptic meningitis was equal (49%). 64.7% of samples were boys and gender had not different between two bacterial and aseptic group (P=0.7). Mean (±SD) of the age in total was 358.46±858.40, and bacterial group had a higher mean of age than aseptic group (P=0.047). The level of IL-1 was 10.87±37.04 pg/ml in bacterial and 0.55±1.64 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had not different (P=0.168). The level of IL-6 was 90.51±139.3 pg/ml in bacterial and 21.36±67.84 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had significant different (P=0.030). The level of IL-8 was 365.40±765.52 pg/ml in bacterial and 50.66±59.34 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had significant different (P=0.047). Diagnostic value of IL-1 was noted in the 80.77% of bacterial and 68.00% of aseptic group that had not different (P=0.349). Diagnostic value of IL-6 was noted in the 53.85% of bacterial and 64.00% of aseptic group that had not different (P=0.572). Diagnostic value of IL-8 was noted in the 80.77% of bacterial and 28.00% of aseptic group that had significant different (P=0.000). There was not different between two group of CSF variables include coloring degree, WBC and RBC index, glucose and protein. Conclusion: Although the concentration of IL-6 and IL-8 was higher in bacterial meningitis than in aseptic patients, only IL-8 had suitable diagnostic value for distinction between different types of meningitis.
Association between concentration of interleukin-6, 17 and 23 and Helicobacter pylori infection in otitis media with effusion
Mohammad Farhadi , Ahmad Daneshi , Shima Javadi-Nia, Mohammad Nabavi , Ramin Asgarian, Mahmood Faramarzi , Azardokh Tabatabaie ,
Volume 73, Issue 2 (May 2015)
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) cause various diseases especially gastrointestinal disorders. Clinical diagnosis of H. pylori infection can be done in different ways, and new diagnostic methods are under study .This study aimed to assess the levels of interleukin (IL) 6, 17 and 23 in the middle ear effusion of patients with otitis media, and the association between these levels with H. pylori infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in 40 patients who nominated for ventilation tube (VT) placement due to otitis media with effusion, and admitted to ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from March 2012 to August 2013. All of patients underwent myringotomy with VT insertion, and then aspirated effusion sample was tested. H. pylori infection diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial culture. The concentration of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-23 measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of each interleukins were compared between the two positive and negative PCR groups. Results: In all of samples, PCR test result was positive in 22.5%. The mean and standard deviation of IL-6 level was 10.11±2.95, IL-17 was 5.89±0.91 and IL-23 was 4.07±1.34. The mean±standard deviation (SD) of IL-6 level in patients with a positive PCR (H. pylori) was 22.29±6.40 and in patients with a negative PCR was 6.16±3.88 that difference was significant (P=0.01). The mean±SD of IL-17 level in patients with a positive PCR was 6.16±1.29 and in patients with a negative PCR was 5.81±1.13 that difference was not significant (P=0.42). The mean±SD of IL-23 level in patients with a positive PCR was 6.15±3.77 and in patients with a negative PCR was 3.42±1.33 that difference was not significant (P=0.27). Conclusion: According to finding, association between H. pylori infection and increased levels of IL-6 in the middle ear effusion was approved. It is recommended to conduct researches aimed to identify other cytokines as inflammatory markers.
Ultrasonic energy vs monopolar electrosurgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparison of tissue damage
Mehdi Asgari , Nozar Dorestan , Neda Najibpour , Changiz Delavari , Mohammad Bahadoram ,
Volume 74, Issue 1 (April 2016)
Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive procedure whereby the gallbladder is removed using laparoscopic techniques. Monopolar electerosurgical energy is the method of dissection of gallbladder from liver bed. Ultrasonic energy causes less thermal damage and suggests an alternative to monopolar elevterocautery. Leptin is a tissue factor and C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein that builds up in surgical damages. In laparoscopy, pneumoperitoneum and thermal damage cause this increase. In this study, after completion of surgery with both methods, plasma leptin and CPR were measured. Next, the complications and benefits of the two methods were compared.

Methods: This single blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 78 patients who were candidate for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in surgery clinic of Razi Teaching Hospital in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences from March 2013 to March 2015. Patients were divided randomly into two groups of ultrasonic and electerocautery. Then, leptin’s level and CRP’s level were measured at completion of surgery, 30 minutes after completion, 6 and 24 hours after completion of surgery in the two groups.

Results: This study shows that the average rate of leptin at completion of surgery, 30 minutes after completion, 6 and 24 hours after completion of surgery in ultrasonic group had less increase than electerocautery group and the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.0001). The average rate of CRP at completion of surgery, 30 minutes after completion, 6 and 24 hours after completion of surgery in ultrasonic group had less increase than electerocautery group and the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.0001).

Conclusion: The level of leptin and CRP shows that surgery with ultrasonic method will provoke the immune system less than electerocautery method.


Evaluation of chemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Aloysia citrodora extract on colon cancer cell line
Amir Mirzaie , Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz, Hassan Noorbazargan , Elahe Ali Asgary,
Volume 74, Issue 3 (June 2016)
Abstract

Background: Aloysia citrodora belongs to the Verbenaceae family of plants, a well-known herbal medicine in Iran. The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of A. citrodora extract against human colon cancer (HT29) cells by using real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow-cytometry methods.

Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, from March to September of 2014. At first, the A. citrodora chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. In addition, antioxidant assay, antibacterial and anti-cancer effect was performed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), disk diffusion and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) methods, respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was calculated. We extracted total RNA molecules by using RNX solution, after which cDNA was synthesized. Finally, the pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) gene expression was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and apoptotic effects were analyzed using Flow-cytometry method.

Results: GC-MS analysis of Aloysia citrodora extract was shown 37 major components and the most frequent component was belonged to Spathulenol (17.57%) and Caryophyllene oxide (15.15%) The antioxidant activity of the extract was IC50= 0.6±0.03 mg/ml. The maximum and minimum antibacterial effects of extract were belonged to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Cytotoxic results revealed that the A.citrodora extract have IC50= 20.1±0.78 mg/ml against colon cancer (HT29) cell line and real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed the expression level of Bax and Bcl2 was increased and decreased respectively in colon cancer cell line (3.470±0.72 (P< 0.05), 0.43±0.35 (P< 0.05)). In addition, the flow-cytometry results indicated the 38.66% apoptosis in colon cancer cell line.

Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that A. citrodora extract has potential antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer effects and it suggested that further studies were performed for A. citrodora pharmaceutical importance.


The studying of people died under 18 old referred to forensic medicine organization in Tehran, from 2014 to 2015: brief report
Khadije Saravani , Mohammad Hossien Kamaloddini , Mahboobe Asgari ,
Volume 77, Issue 7 (October 2019)
Abstract
Background: Determination of mortality causes precisely, is very important in developing countries. Mortality rate is a helpful index for evaluating the quality of health in every society. However, recording of life events as well as mortality rates are difficult and conducted only in a few developing countries which account for a large percentage of the world’s mortality. Thus, it was attempted to conduct a study on mortality cases of under 18 year’s old corpses referred to the dissection laboratory of forensic medicine in Tehran from 2014 to 2015.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, all cases of accidental deaths less than 18 years old which were referred to forensic medicine in Tehran have examined. All mortality data between April 2014 and April 2015 was completed by a questionnaire. This data were classified by age, sex, cause of referral, type of death, underlying disease, and cause of death based on autopsy results and positive findings of autopsy, pathology, and toxicology.
Results: In 2014 and 2015, 495 and 508 cases of under 18 years old were sent to the dissection laboratory of forensic medicine in Tehran, consequently. The mortality rate of 520 males and 483 females was recorded and it has risen from 2014 to 2015. The most common mortality causes are accidents, suspicious death, suicide, and car accidents.
Conclusion: The results showed that the mortality rate in males was higher than females, which is in line with the global findings. This may be due to cultural issues or the vulnerability of males. Study on causes of deaths, which recorded over two years showed that deaths in Tehran province are due to accidents, falls, strangulation, life-threatening poisoning and electrocution, birth disorders and suicides, which requires more studies on these subjects.

Evaluation of etiologic findings in patients with surgery of cubital tunnel syndrome
Mohammadreza Emamhadi , Ashkan Asgari-Gashtroudkhani , Roxana Emamhadi , Samaneh Ghorbani-Shirkouhi , Sasan Andalib,
Volume 78, Issue 2 (May 2020)
Abstract
Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome, a neuropathy of ulnar nerve, is the second most common entrapping syndrome in the upper limb surpassing carpal tunnel syndrome. This syndrome arises from a high pressure decompressing the nerve for a long time. Patients with cubital tunnel syndrome show numbness in the ring and small fingers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the etiology of cubital tunnel syndrome in patients who underwent surgery for treatment of the syndrome.
Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of 100 patients who underwent surgery for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome at Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital, Rasht, Iran from March 2008 to March 2017, were checked. The etiology of cubital tunnel syndrome including inflammatory, tumoral, vascular, orthopedic causes and anomalies in nerve site and information about age, gender, job, and weight were collected and analyzed.
Results: In this study, the mean±SD of age was 33.8±11.5 years. Females and males constituted 21% and 79% of the cases, respectively. Idiopathic and orthopedic etiologies were seen in 84% and 13% of the operated cases, respectively. Vascular, tumoral, and inflammatory causes were found in 1% of the cases. Regarding location of nerve involvement, 57% of the cases had the ulnar nerve entrapment between MCL (medial collateral ligament) and Osborne ligaments; and in 22% of the cases, the cubital tunnel was involved. Arcade of Struthers and medial epicondyle and medial intermuscular septum were involved in 8%, 8%, and 5% of the patients, respectively. Forty-five percent of the cases performed a repetitive manual task by hand and 1.9% of cases were vibrator workers. Moreover, 12.4% of cases had a history of cubitus valgus or cubitus varus. Finally, 20.9% and 18% of the cases suffered from obesity (BMI>30) and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Furthermore, one patient had a history of head injury with contractions of upper limb flexion and one patient had arthritis of medial epicondylitis.
Conclusion: The evidence from the present study indicates that the idiopathic cubital tunnel syndrome constituted the bulk of involvement on ulnar nerve in the patients. Job, obesity, and diabetes were the most important accompanying factors with cubital tunnel syndrome.

The role of MMP9 C-1562T and MMP2 G1575A genetic variants in male infertility: review article
Rezvan Asgari, Mitra Bakhtiari,
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Abstract
Infertility as a vital process in human reproduction involves many couples worldwide. Although many genetic causes of infertility are known, the genetic basis of infertility in men is largely unknown. Therefore, the identification of genetic biomarkers in this field is important and genetic polymorphisms in key genes of the spermatogenesis pathway can be valuable biomarkers in this field. Gene's polymorphisms with specific genetic background and/or environmental factors can lead to the dysfunction in testicular function or the process of sperm production. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent enzymes that play an important role in extracellular matrix remodeling by activating gelatinases, collagenases, and proteolytic enzymes. These enzymes are essential for the regulation of cellular connections in the testis. Extracellular matrix degradation and connective tissue remodeling are important structural changes in germ cell migration that are controlled through important genes, including MMPs and their biological inhibitors. Given the important role of MMPs in the structural and functional characteristics of reproductive organs, genetic polymorphisms in MMP genes are significant because they can influence gene transcription and the biological function of proteins. Studies have shown that matrix metalloproteinases are involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix and play an important role in the process of spermatogenesis and sperm quality. This review article aims to evaluate the role of two common, functional MMP2 G1575A and MMP9 C-1562T polymorphisms in male infertility. The findings indicate that polymorphisms of MMP2 G1575A and MMP9 C-1562T can affect gene transcription, protein level, and enzymatic activity, and also, these variants can be as one of the genetic causes in male infertility among different ethnic populations. Therefore, identifying these molecular changes can help to adopt appropriates therapeutic and diagnostic measures as well as guide therapeutic approaches to intelligent therapies. To achieve a definitive conclusion and confirm the association of these polymorphisms with male infertility, evaluations of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions can be important for larger sample sizes of different ethnicities.
Assessing the role of enema in improving outcomes and complications of benign gynecological laparoscopy: a randomized clinical trial
Zahra Asgari, Azam Barkhordarinasab, Reihaneh Hosseini , Alireza Hadizadeh, Venus Chegini, Sara Farzadi,
Volume 79, Issue 11 (February 2022)
Abstract
Background: mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is a common practice before laparoscopic gynecologic surgeries but the role and efficacy of preparation have been questioned. this study assesses visualization and bowel handling in a group of patients who receive MBP and the control group and thereafter; compares the results.
Methods: We designed and conducted this randomized, single-blinded and controlled trial on patients who underwent advanced gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries. This clinical trial was carried out between July 2020 and January 2021. The patients were enrolled from l the laparoscopic office. 120 women aged 18-65 years undergoing level 2 and 3 benign gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries were randomized to bowel preparation with a normal saline enema (n=60) or non-bowel preparation (n=60) groups. Our patients underwent level 2 and 3 of benign laparoscopic gynecologic surgeries with or without MBP. The visualization and bowel handling were assessed by the primary surgical team and a questionnaire was later obtained. The outcomes included intraoperative surgical view and bowel handling, preoperative and post-operative patient signs and symptoms. The patients were also assessed in respect to discomfort prior and after the surgery, this assessment was obtained using a questionnaire. The gathered data was analyzed using IBM’s SPSS v26 software.
Results: there was no difference in intraoperative visualization and bowel handling between the two groups. We also found no clinical improvements in respect to discomfort and symptoms. MBP even increased the distention rate amongst patients (P-value=0/04). We tried to evaluate whether MBP had any effects on haemorrhage and blood loss during the surgery and to assess this we compared hemoglobin levels before and after the surgery. We compared the subtracted values between the two groups and found no significant difference (T-test=1.135, P=0/259) (see table 4). However, hospitalization duration was about 5 hours longer in the group who received MBP.
Conclusion: MBP with normal saline enema does not improve intraoperative visualization and bowel handling. And it also does not reduce patient complication rates and post-operative symptoms either. MBP also increases hospitalization duration and puts extra pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, a normal saline enema is not recommended before benign gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries.
 

Evaluation of the relationship between blood group and intubation and mortality rate in COVID 19patients.
Faranak Behnaz, Azita Chegini, Sogol Asgari,
Volume 80, Issue 3 (June 2022)
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) represents a global public health crisis that is causing significant deaths and affecting health systems around the world. There are several risk factors for the severity of infection, complications and mortality of COVID-19. One of them is blood group. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood group and rate of covid 19 disease.
Methods: A cross sectional study was performed on 130 patients over 18 years of age admitted in ICU of Shohada Tajrish Hospital between August 2020 and April 2021.The positive COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Blood groups were determined and then, we monitored and followed up the patients' outcome during staying in ICU, the need for intubation, recovery and death. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results were determined based on Fisher’s exact test. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: 60 (46.1%) patients had blood type A, (20%) 26 patients blood type AB, 12 (9.2%) patients’ blood type B and (24.7%) 32 patients blood type O. Blood group A was significantly higher in these patients. 55 patients (42.3%) were female and 75 patients (57.7%) were male. Their mean age was 43.19±19.05. Totally, 43.1% of hospitalized patients were intubated regardless of blood type. The number of cases requiring intubation was higher in people with positive blood type A. The lowest need for intubation was seen in blood type B negative. Blood group A positive (39.6%) and then AB negative (33.3%) had the highest mortality rate. Death was not observed in blood group A negative, B negative, B positive and O negative.
Conclusion: The number of patients with COVID-19 with blood type A was significantly higher (46.1%). The most common blood group in these patients was A and the lowest was blood group B. The number of cases requiring intubation was higher in people with positive blood type A.

Comparison of roux-en-y gastric bypass techniques with and without distal gastric plication in patients with morbid obesity
Mehdi Asgari, Ali Sanaee, Faramarz Pazyar,
Volume 80, Issue 5 (August 2022)
Abstract
Background: The vertical gastric plication technique leads to poor long-term outcomes and is associated with intolerable reflux, dysphagia, or weight gain in a high percentage of patients. Therefore, in this study, the therapeutic results of two methods with and without plication of the distal part of the stomach in gastric bypass surgery in patients with morbid obesity were compared.
Methods: In this clinical trial randomized single-blind study, 40 patients with morbid obesity who were referred to one of the hospitals affiliated with Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz during March 2020-February 2021, were randomly divided into two groups: with plication of the distal part of the stomach (n=20) and without plication of the distal part of the stomach (n=20) in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Weight loss rate, complications related to surgery, outcomes and satisfaction of patient were noted and followed up for one year.
Results: The mean percentage of weight loss at different times did not show a significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The length of hospitalization after surgery was significantly less in the distal gastric plication group (p=0.0001). During one year of follow-up, hypertension, diabetes, HLP, and reflux were well in the distal plication method but showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Satisfaction of the patients was more in the distal plication method and showed no significant difference (p>0.05). One year after the operation, the change of diet showed no significant difference in the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It looks that using the laparoscopic distal gastric plication method is an effective and safe method and is associated with early ideal weight loss, reduction of complications, and increase in satisfaction of patients with BMI>=35 kg/m2. No need to use a foreign body, stapler or bandage and the possibility of re-operation are the advantages of this technique.

Existential distress in palliative care of cancer patients at the end of life: a systematic review
Hossein Eskandari, Faramarz Sohrabi , Adeleh Rezagholizadeh Shirvan , Mohammad Asgari , Neda Shahvaroughi Farahani ,
Volume 81, Issue 12 (March 2024)
Abstract
Background: The experience of existential distress, along with other forms of distress, is one of the common experiences in end-of-life patients. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to review related studies and conceptualize existential distress in palliative care of cancer patients.
Methods: This study was a systematic review, which was conducted from May 1 to July 31, 1402 at Allameh Tabatabai University and search strategy was written and performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science/PubMed and Scopus databases from the beginning of 2003 to the end of 2022. The inclusion criteria included all quantitative, qualitative, mixed and review studies that focused on the experience of adult patients. Lack of access to the full text of the article and studies in non-English language, clinical trial (randomized and non-randomized), letter to the editor, case report and protocol were excluded from the list of studies. After removing duplicate articles, two research authors reviewed the studies independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the differences between them were resolved by discussion.
Results: After searching, screening and selecting articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 22 articles were included in the study, of which three were review articles, eight were quantitative and 11 were qualitative. Terminally cancer patients experience existential distress, and the data are significant for estimating the prevalence of these symptoms, especially in the severe category. In addition to examining the prevalence of this symptom, patients have described their experience of existential distress in several categories: Feelings of loneliness and isolation (or loss of support system), relationship concerns (concerns about family, changes in relationships, and conflictual relationships), loss of control/autonomy (physical control, cognitive and emotional control), burden on others, loss of sense of continuity (loss of roles, pleasurable activities and sense of self), uncompleted life tasks, hopelessness/helplessness, dissolving of the future, uncertainty and frightening ambiguity, feeling guilt/ regret about the past, lack of meaning, inevitable thoughts of death.
Conclusion: It seems that the themes raised beyond cultural differences show the universal human suffering, whose accurate conceptualization can help to develop effective therapeutic interventions to reduce existential distress.

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