Showing 83 results for Arian
Sabzehkhah S, Vaezi Gh H, Bakhtiarian A, Salarian A, Zare Haghighi M,
Volume 67, Issue 8 (6 2009)
Abstract
Background: Dopaminergic is the most important
neurotransmitter is fear. The dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway has essential
role in excitable behavior, and it's role in Parkinson disease. The aim of this
research in study, the effect of dopaminergic pathway in fear response.
Methods: The elevated plus maze was used in
combination with the percentage of time spent in the open arms of the maze (OAT%) and the percentage of entries into the
open arms (OAE%) to measure fear. Increases in the OAT% and OAE% indicate an anxiolytic effect
(reduction in anxiety), whereas decreases in the OAE% and OAT% indicate an anxiogenic effect. After
five days, the rats were injected with saline and different doses of sulpiride
and Bromocriptine.
Results: Results showed that intracerebroventricular
administration of sulpiride, in the doses of 5, 20μg/rat and bromocriptine, D2 agonist in doses 65, 95μg/rat produced
a significant effect comparing to sham groups (p<0.05). While intracerebroventricular
administration of sulpiride 15, 10μg/rat,
and bromocriptine 70,
80μg/rat,
did not show any significant effect comparing with sham group (p<0.05). In the current research
intracerebroventricular administration of sulpiride, D2 antagonist at the doses of 5, 10, 15, 20μg/rat and Bromocriptine, D2 agonist in the doses of 65, 70, 80, 95μg/rat were used and theire effect on
the fear behavior were studied.
Conclusions: The possible effect of Dopaminergic
system in the fear process, especially D2 receptor increase fear.
Mahmoudi Rad M, Zafarghandi As, Amel Zabihi M, Mirdamadi Y, Rahbarian N, Abbasabadi B, Shivaei M, Amiri Z,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (6 2009)
Abstract
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Background: Vulvovaginal
candidiasis is a fungal disease with itching, and vaginal thick white
discharge. Most of
non-albicans species have less sensitivity to azoles. So, definition of candida species which lead to vulvovaginal candidiasis is very important to perfect
usage of drugs. In the present study 191 Candida isolates from 175 patients who admitted in Gynecology department of
Mahdieh Hospital during the period 1385-1387 were identified by multiplex PCR.
Methods: One hundred seventy five vaginal swab specimens from
patients were cultured on Sabouraud
Dextrose Agar (SDA). The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region between the 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes and a
specific DNA fragment
within the ITS2 region of Candida albicans were amplified and the multiplex PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel (200 mA, 140V), visualized
by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed.
Results: One hundred ninety one Candida isolates were identified in vaginal swab specimens
from 175 patients. In 89.7% of cases, single candida species and in 10.3% cases,
multiple candida species were isolated. C.
albicans (65.1%), C.
glabrata (13.1%), C.
tropicalis (6.2%), C. krusei (4%), C. guilliermondii (0.6%), C. parapsilosis (0.6%),
C. glabrata and C. albicans (5.7%), C. albicans and C. parapsilosis (1.1%),
C. glabrata and C. tropicalis (0.6%),
C. krusei and C.
tropicalis (0.6%), C.
albicans and C.
tropicalis (0.6%), C. krusei and C. albicans (0.6%), C. glabrata and C. krusei (0.6%), and C.
glabrata and C. krusei and
C. albicans (0.6%) were the
cause of disease.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, the common cause of both
recurrent and non-recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis was C. albicans, and then C. glabrata.
Also the most common mixtures of Candida species were combination of them
Mesgarian F, Rahbarian N, Mahmoud Radi M, Hajaran H, Shahbaz F, Mesgarian Z, Taghipour N,
Volume 68, Issue 4 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is endemic in plenty of Iranian provinces. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological status of the cutaneous Leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the parasite using a PCR method in burden rural areas of Gonbad-e-Qabus County, north Iran.
Methods: Data was collected on the prevalence of scars and ulcers over a period of three months among 6990 inhabitants of five villages around Gonbad-e-Qabus county,north Iran, during 2006-2007. Cultured promastigotes were identified using PCR technique. ITS1 and ITS2 of Non Coding Transcribed region at ribosomal DNA of 46 Leishmania isolates were amplified and the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel (200 mA, 140 V), visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. To confirm the PCR findings, six Leishmanis isolates were injected individually into two BALB/c mice.
Results: Among 6990 inhabitants of the five villages, 62.9% had scars and 0.5% had active lesions. The most highly infected age group was 0-10 years and nobody was infected in individuals more than fifty years of age. Individuals 11 to 20 years of age were the most highly infected age group. The results showed that from 46 isolates, all (100%) were L. major in comparison to reference strains and all of them could produce ulcer at the base tail of BALB/c mice, 4-12 weeks after inoculation.Conclusions: According to this study, cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is endemic in Gonbad-e-Qabus county, north Iran. The results were confirmed by active lesions induced in BALB/c mice.
Akbarian M, Faezi St, Gharibdoost F, Shahram F, Nadji A, Jamshidi Ar, Akhlaghi M, Shafaee N, Akhlaghkhah M, Davatchi F,
Volume 68, Issue 5 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations in association with autoantibodies to components of the cell nucleus. SLE as a chronic autoimmune disease has a worldwide distribution. There is a wide variation in the natural history of SLE among different ethnic and geographic groups. Our SLE registry is one of the largest series in Asia-Pacific region. The aim of this study was to show the manifestations of SLE in Iranian patients.
Methods: This study is on clinical and Para clinical manifestations of SLE according to the database of the Rheumatology Research Center (RRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences as a major referral center for rheumatic disease in Iran during the period of 1976 to 2009.
Results: A total of 2143 SLE patients were studied. The female to the male ratio was 8.8:1 and the mean age at the presentation was 24.2± 10 Years. Prevalence of clinical manifestations included: musculoskeletal, cutaneous, renal, neuropsychiatric, pulmonary, cardiac and hematologic were 85.2%, 83.1%, 66.6%, 24%, 22.3%, 17.5% and 67.1% respectively. There were seen positive FANA in 78.3% and anti-DNA in 70% of patients. Overlap syndrome and positive family history with other autoimmune diseases were detected in 14.9% and 3.4% of patients respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of some manifestations (such as cutaneous and renal involvement) in our patients were similar to those of nearby countries (with similar climate), while other manifestations (such as hematologic and joint involvement) were similar to the European countries (with similar ethnicity). Genetic and/or climatic factors may lead to different presentations of lupus.
Reza Afghani , Ali Aminian , Seyed Rasoul Mirsharifi, Ali Jafarian , Hamid Ghaderi , Morteza Noaparast , Seyed Habibollah Dashti ,
Volume 68, Issue 8 (November 2010)
Abstract
Background: Gall stone is an important health problem in the world for which different risk factors have been characterized. Gall stone and cardiovascular disease have common risk factors. Homocysteine is accepted as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to study the effect of homocysteine level on gall stone formation.
Methods: 54 patients with gall stone-related diseases and 54 patients without stone (control group) were studied from January 2007 to December 2008. Control group consisted healthy subjects with ultrasound proven normal gallbladder. Serum homocysteine level was checked in both groups. Homocysteine level of equal or more than 15 mmol/l was considered as abnormally high.
Results: Cases included 43 women (79.6%) and had mean age of 50.76±15.23 years. Homocysteine level was significantly higher in patients with gallstone in comparison to control group (p=0.014). Risk of gall stone increased 3.4 times in persons who have homocysteine level equal or greater than 15mmol/l (p=0.019). The mean level of homocysteine was higher in men than women (p=0.03). The mean level of homocysteine did not differ significantly in patients with simple gallstone and patients with gallstone-related inflammation disorders (cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis). Additionally, one unit increase in BMI level was associated with 1.12 times increase in the risk for gall stone formation (p=0.035).
Conclusion: The homocysteine level is increased in patients with gall stone-related diseases. Homocysteine may be considered as a risk factor of gall stone formation.
Shatizadeh Malekshahi S, Yavarian J, Naseri M, Rezaei F, Mokhtari Azad T,
Volume 68, Issue 9 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Respiratory virus infections represent a major public
health problem because of their worldwide occurrence, ease of spread in the
community and considerable morbidity and mortality. They are one of the most
common reasons for hospitalization of children under the age of six. In some
cases, infection with two different viruses increase the severity of disease
which lead to the hospitalization.
Case presentation: Among 202 samples related to children under the age of six
with respiratory infections, two dual infections of Adenovirus with other
respiratory viruses with PCR test were
detected.
Conclusion: Mixed respiratory viral infections are sometimes
associated with severe disease and recognition of coinfection is important. Dual infections of Adenovirus with respiratory syncytial
virus (RSV) and
Swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus
were demonstrated. The evidence showed that the co-infection of Adenovirus with
swine origin influenza A (H1N1), has
increased the severity of disease which lead to the hospitalization.
Takzare N, Bakhtiarian A, Saeedi E, Nekoui V,
Volume 68, Issue 10 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Alprazolam belongs to benzodiazepine family and is increasingly used these days
by pregnant women. It should be noticed that alprazolam exposure during
pregnancy may have teratogenic effects on the fetus. Till now, limited studies
have been conducted on the teratogenic effect of alprazolam. In this study,
teratogenicity of alprazolam intake during pregnancy and its effects on fetus
development was investigated.
Methods: About 20 virgin rats of known age and weight were
selected. After being pregnant, they were divided into four groups which
contained five animals in each group: Negative and positive control groups. The
case group exposed to 1 to 6
mg/kg/day alprazolam. The fetuses were first studied macroscopically regarding
anomalies, and then histologically and histochemically to inspect the defects
of tissue organogenesis.
Results: Our results show that there was significant difference especially at the dose 6
mg/kg weight and length of the cases compared to the control group.
It appeared that at the dose of 6 mg/kg/day, cleft lip
and palates were seen in the animals. The highest anomalies of limbs were also
seen at the dose of 6 mg/kg/day. The statistical results indicate that
alprazolam intake during the second half of pregnancy can lead to irreversible
anomalies.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that alprazolam in doses higher than 4
mg/kg/day might cause teratogenic effect. It seems that benzodiazepine therapy
among pregnant woman would be better to avoid during the first trimester and
multidrug regimens.
Zarabi V, Noorbakhsh S, Rahim Zadeh N, Samimi K, Ghafori M, Jafarian A, Tabatabaei A,
Volume 69, Issue 2 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection 0 in children causes renal scarring and permanent damage to the organ. In this study, we compared the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance urogram for urinary tract anomalies with other conventional imaging methods in children with UTI.
Methods: In this case-control study, 190 children (mean age 3.23±3.59 yrs) with UTI were recruited from the Pediatric Ward of Rasul-e-Akram Hospital during 2007-2009. The patients were divided into two groups based on the applied imaging technique: MRU (cases) and conventional imaging groups (controls).
Results: Abnormal imaging detection rates for Ultrasonography were 32%, X-ray of kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB) 9%, Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) 26%, Voiding Cystoure therogram (VCUG) 54%, Dimercaptosuccinic Acid scan (DMSA) indicating
non-obstructive (reflux) uropathy in 76% (mean age 3.5 yrs) and MRU 43% (mean age
1.6 yrs), respectively. A meaningful correlation was observed between MRU and DMSA scan with IVP results (Kappa=0.75). KUB and Ultrasonography had similar results in cases with abnormal MRU and DMSA scan (P=0.121). MRU had strong agreement with VCUG and IVP for the detection of obstructive uropathy and scar due to congenital malformation even during intrauterine life but not with sonography results.
Conclusion: Sonography had poor results for the diagnosis of urinary tract anomalies in comparison with MRU. Use of dynamic MRU for the diagnosis of congenital anomalies (hydronephrosis, obstruction, pyelonephritis, renal scar) in children with UTI seems to be of better help, although higher costs and the need for sedation during MRU still are its disadvantages
Mirsharifi R, Zhand N, Shahriyarian Sh, Meysamie A, Mirsharifi A, Aminian A,
Volume 69, Issue 5 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Prevalence of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), estimated by various studies, ranged from 4.1% to 14.2% in men older than 60 years. Most cases of AAA are asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally. Approximately the initial presentation in 12% of cases of AAA is sudden rupture with subsequent high mortality. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and screening necessity of AAA among Iranian men older than 65 years old.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, men older than 65 years, who referred for ultrasound examination to three different centers in Tehran, Iran at the year 2008 were included for evaluation of size of the abdominal aorta and presence of AAA.
Results: A total of 240 men older than 65 years enrolled in this study. AAA was found in 24 of the participants with prevalence rate of 10% in the studied population. Mean diameter of detected aneurysms was 3.931.435 cm. In 4 (1.7%) subjects, aneurysms greater than 5.5 cm in diameter were detected. One of these four subjects had the history of coronary artery disease and one was cigarette smoker. Three out of four had history of hypertension.
Conclusion: Considering the estimated prevalence rate of AAA by the current study and the population of Iranian men older than 65, implementing of mass screening for AAA in this group would detect 986 asymptomatic cases each year. Therefore, the authors recommend further studies about the cost-effectiveness of mass screening for AAA among Iranian men above 65 years.
Asgharian Am, Mohammadi M,
Volume 69, Issue 10 (5 2012)
Abstract
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Background: Amphibian
skins possess various antibacterial compounds that are effective against some
microbial pathogens and are mostly released in response to environmental
stress. In fact, the skin of Rana ridibunda, a large green frog, is a
rich source of antimicrobial compounds that can be developed for therapeutic
use. In the present study, the skin extract of Iranian Rana ridibunda was
evaluated for its antimicrobial, hemolytic and cytototoxic activities.
Methods : The frog specimens were collected from Minoodasht located in Golesten
province in Iran, during 2009. Subsequently, their skins were removed and the intended compounds
were extracted. The crude extract was partially purified by gel filtration
chromatography. The antimicrobial effects of skin extract were assessed against
various microorganisms such as Escherchia coli, methicillin-resistant
and -sensitive Staphyloccus aureus, vancomycin-resistant and -susceptible
Enteroccus fecalis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Candida albicans. In
addition, its minimum inhibition concentration, cytotoxic and hemolytic
activities were determined.
Results : The crude extract of Rana ridibunda skin had valuable
antimicrobial effects against methicillin-resistant and -susceptible S. aureus in comparison with E.coli and vancomycin-resistant
and -susceptible E. fecalis. Besides, no
antimicrobial activities were seen against P. aeroginosa or C. albicans. Moreover, the hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of the skin
extract were minimal.
Conclusion: The
antimicrobial activity of Iranian Rana ridibunda was comparable to those
isolated from other Rana species. In conclusion, the skin extract of Rana
ridibunda had the potential for a new therapeutic agent against the emerging
drug-resistant bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant and -sensitive S.
aureus.
Bagherzade A, Arianfar F, Arbabi M,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (3 2012)
Abstract
Background: Several studies that have evaluated psychological and counseling interventions suggest that a proactive approach may be effective in preparing patients for the experience of living with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The purpose of this study was to develop and assess cognitive and behavioral interventions in reducing stress and anxiety and improving quality of life.
Methods: One hundred Patients with ICD in Shariati and Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2009- 2010 were divided randomly into two groups to undergo cognitive and behavioral interventions (case group) or serve as the control group. The patients in the case group were received relaxation, cognitive and ICD alarm trainings three times during the study period. Routine care was the same in both groups after ICD implantation. We evaluated anxiety and depression by, respectively, Beck anxiety and Beck depression inventories in the two groups before and after ICD implantation. Quality of life was also evaluated by SF-36 instrument before and after the interventions. The results were later compared between the two groups.
Results: Beck scores for anxiety in the case and control groups before the interventions were 24.9±15.5 and 24.2±15.8 (P=0.590), respectively and after six months they were 13.5±8.3 and 17.9±10.1 (P=0.005), respectively. Beck scores for depression in the case and control groups before the interventions were 17.7±9.8 and 18.4±10.6 (P=0.590), respectively and after six months the scores, respectively, were 13.5±8.3 and 17.9±10.1 (P=0.005).
Conclusion: It seems that psychological interventions can reduce anxiety and depression after ICD implantation. Further studies with more sample sizes are necessary for the final judgment.
Safdarian L, Mohammadzade M, Agha Hosseini M, Alleyassin A, Sarvi F,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (3 2012)
Abstract
Background: Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) and its consequences, especially thromboembolic events, are of the most dangerous complications of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It is unclear whether a thrombophilic predisposition or changes in blood components during clinical presentation of OHSS increase thrombotic risks. Testing for certain thrombophilias in selected high risk patients may help risk assessment and decision-making about prophylactic measures.
Methods: In this study carried out in April 2010 to March 2011, 108 in vitro fertilization candidates with ≥20 follicles following ovarian stimulation were recruited. Protein S, protein C, antithrombin, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies were measured. Blood tests were compared between severe and non-severe OHSS groups and their changes were traced after onset of clinical OHSS in 43 patients presenting with severe symptoms by repeating the tests at hospital admission.
Results: Mean protein S activity was lower in severe OHSS group (101.7±16.3 vs. 118.4±17.0 P<0.001). After clinical presentation of severe OHSS, this level decreased to 91.6±20.1 (P<0.001). Antithrombin levels decreased 2.09% after the onset of symptoms in the group with severe OHSS, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.051). Protein C, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies were not correlated to severe OHSS development.
Conclusion: Patients with relatively lower protein S activity were at higher risk for the development of severe OHSS, and its dangerous consequences. During clinical OHSS presentation, protein S decreased even more, and patients were more vulnerable to hypercoagulability states. These points should be kept in mind in risk assessment and adoption of prophylactic strategies.
Safdarian L, Satari Dibazar N, Ahmadzadeh A, Ghorbani Yekta B,
Volume 70, Issue 4 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Endothelial dysfunction can influence fertility rate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as flow mediated dilatation (FMD) is impaired in patients with the disease. The aim of this study was to compare two methods of ovulation induction by letrozole or letrozole plus human menopausal gonadotropins (HMGs) in infertile women with PCOS who were resistant to clomiphene citrate based on brachial artery ultrasound findings.
Methods: In this double -blind randomized clinical trial, 59 infertile women who had the inclusion criteria for PCOS were evaluated in the Infertility Clinic of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2010-2011. The patients were assigned to two letrozole and letrozole plus HMG groups and were evaluated for FMD in the brachial artery by transvaginal ultrasonography. Later, the values were recorded and analyzed statistically.
Results: In the letrozole group, infertility treatment was successful in 15 (57.7%) but it failed in 11 (42.3%) patients. In letrozole plus HMG group, the treatment was successful in 18 (54.5%) while it failed in 15 (45.5%) patients. The mean FMD values in the groups with successful and unsuccessful treatment results were 19.42±10% and 18.57±7.2%, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.712). Moreover, the average endometrial thickness in groups with successful and unsuccessful treatment results were 8.4±1.3 mm and 9.8±3.9 mm, respectively but the difference was not significant either (P=0.06).
Conclusion: In infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome that are resistant to clomiphene, letrozole or letrozole combined with gonadotropin can be equally effective for ovulation induction.
Takzare N, Nikoui V, Ostadhadi S, Nabavi Sma, Bakhtiarian A,
Volume 70, Issue 6 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorders and depression have a high prevalence during pregnancy therefore, pregnant women may take clomipramine and also take other drugs or consume foods that contain caffeine. As investigations about the teratogenic effects of clomipramine and its concurrent administration with caffeine during organogenesis period are scarce, we aimed to study the teratogenicity of simultaneous administration of clomipramine and caffeine in rat fetus.
Methods: After dividing 42 pregnant rats to several case and control groups, we injected different doses of caffeine and clomipramine to the animals. All the injections were performed on the eighth until the 15th day of pregnancy. We removed the fetuses on the 17th day of pregnancy and studied the morphological features and apparent anomalies of the fetuses macroscopically.
Results: We found a significant rate of mortality, apparent anomalies, abnormal torsion, shrinkage of skin and subcutaneous bleeding in fetuses of rats receiving high doses of caffeine or a combination of caffeine and clomipramine. Statistical analysis of the data revealed a significant increase (P?0.001) in teratogenicity of high doses of caffeine and its combination with clomipramine.
Conclusion: This study implies simultaneous intake of high amounts of caffeine and clomipramine lead to teratogenicity. We recommend pregnant women to avoid uncontrolled consumption of foods that contain caffeine or drugs that contain high amounts of this substance. They should not also take clomipramine with caffeine in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Aalami S, Nikoui V, Irani M, Bakhtiarian A,
Volume 70, Issue 7 (6 2012)
Abstract
Background: There are conflicting reports about zinc, a trace element, in the pathogenesis of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of zinc in high blood pressure.
Methods: We conducted this study on 80 patients with primary (idiopathic) hypertension and 80 normotensive people with similar age who attended to Tehran Heart Center between 2007 and 2008. We examined the effect of zinc concentration on blood pressure in both sexes in four age groups (41-50, 51-60, 61-70 and 71-80 years old). We measured plasma zinc concentration by atomic absorption.
Results: The mean plasma zinc concentrations were 0.456±0.04 µg/ml and 0.551±0.055 µg/ml in patients with hypertension and in normotensive people, respectively, (P≤0.05). Nevertheless, the mean plasma zinc concentrations were 0.494 µg/ml and 0.486 µg/ml in men with and without hypertension, respectively. The mean plasma zinc concentrations of women with and without hypertension, respectively were 0.415 µg/ml and 0.596 µg/ml, showing a significant difference between two groups (P≤0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in plasma zinc concentration between hypertensive and normotensive people in 51 to 60 years age group (P≤0.05), but difference were not significant between other age groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed the relationship between the decrease in plasma zinc concentration and increase in blood pressure in women and in the men aged 51 to 60 years.
Nikoui V, Pazoki Toroudi H, Ostadhadi S, Rahmani A, Bakhtiarian A,
Volume 70, Issue 8 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: It is generally accepted that the selective adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channel openers (KATP openers) have a dramatic role in the treatment of some cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diazoxide, a potent ATP-related potassium channel opener, on spontaneously beating isolated rat atria to achieve more accurate approaches to treat cardiovascular diseases, such as atrial related disorders including atrial arrhythmias.
Methods: After induction of anesthesia, we exsected the heart and isolated the atria of 48 male Wistar rats. Later, we recorded the beating and contractile force of the atria by a physiograph. Subsequently, we studied the effects of diazoxide (2 to 100 µg/mL) on beating and contractile force of the isolated atria 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after applying the drug onto the atria.
Results: Diazoxide administration (2 to 100 µg/mL) showed a significant decrease (7% to 49% depending on concentration) in atrial beatings (P≤0.001) and in contractile force (1.5% to 67% depending on concentration), (P≤0.001). The effects began several minutes after applying the drug onto the tissues.
Conclusion: This study revealed that diazoxide has a direct concentration-dependent effect on cardiac performance and leads to reduction in beating rates and contractile force of the heart. This effect seems to be related to the activation of mitochondrial or sarcolemmal KATP channels. Since the inhibitory action of diazoxide on the heart was very remarkable and prompt, this agent may also exhibit antiarrhythmic properties.
Kamiab Hesari K, Gheiasi M, Niko A, Biglarian M, Seyyed Gamali M,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (4 2013)
Abstract
Background: Primary cutaneous lymphoma is separated into two groups, cutaneous lymphoma (CTCL) and cutaneous B-CELL Lymphoma (CBCL). This study was performed to classify histopathologically and define demographic features of Persian patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma.
Methods: Twenty hundred and thirty four patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma who have been referred to Razi Hospital in Tehran, Iran during at four year period (October 2005 to October 2009), were investigated in this study. The data were gathered by reviewing their medical records andexaminedagain extant evidence andhistology slides.
Results: Among 234 Patients, the only clinical feature that could be assessed was itching. The most common involves location of disease was generalized. 189 (80.77%) cases of the patients had CTCL and 45 (19.23%) cases of the patients had CBCL. Age of patients with two lymphoma type were similar at the this time of diagnosis. Sex supremacy was with men in two groups.
Conclusion: This study provides histopathologic classification and demographic data.
Ostadhadi S, Bakhtiarian A, Azizi Y, Nikoui V,
Volume 71, Issue 1 (4 2013)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, nanomaterials are used in daily life extensively. One of the most common of these materials is nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) which is used to purify the air and also sunscreens, shampoos and other hygienic products. Although nano-particles are useful, can also have potential hazards. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of TiO2 on lung tissue in rabbits.
Methods: We divided 18 male rabbits into three groups randomly. The first group recei-ved 50 µl of TiO2 with dose of 50 mg/kg by intratracheal instillation. The second group received 50 µl of TiO2 with dose of 100 mg/kg and the third group received 50 µl of nor-mal saline by the same route. Chest X-rays were taken from all rabbits before injection and on days of 10, 17 and 24 after injection. Twenty four days after injection, rabbits anesthetized and histopathological assays, blood samples and biochemical factors were evaluated.
Results: Radiographic assays showed a progressive pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits recei-ved TiO2 rather than the control group and this lesion developed to maximum at 24th day of the experiment. We also showed pulmonary emphysema and inflammation in histo-pathologycal study of groups treated with TiO2. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in the amount of liver enzymes, white blood cells and hematocrit in TiO2 treat-ed groups compared to control group (P≤0.05). There were no significant differences between plasma levels of creatinine in different groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Results showed that nanotitanium dioxide particles can lead to pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation and also increasing liver enzymes and inflammatory cells.
Kamran Aghakhani , Saeed Mohammadi , Amir Molanaei, Azadeh Memarian , Maryam Ameri ,
Volume 71, Issue 7 (October 2013)
Abstract
Background: Damages caused by scald burns are common and can cause severe complications and death. The purpose of this study was to define risk groups and then methods of prevention and treatment is designed to fit.
Methods: Data for this retrospective study of hospitalized patients in Shahid Motahari Hospital in Tehran from 2007-2011 were compiled. Data including age, sex, cause of burn, and degree of burn and ultimate fate of the victims were collected from scald burns. Burns caused by boiling water and hot food (Scald) , in two age groups : 12 and under 12 years ( children) and more than 12 years ( adults) were compared in terms of statistics .
Results: A total of 1150 patients consisting of males (57.9%) and females (42.1%) were studied. The most common age was 1 year old and 50% of patients were under 3 years of age. 87.9% burned with boiling water and 12.1% had experienced burns with hot food. Incentive to burn was 0.3% cross burning and 99.7% incident. A maximum number of burns in children 12 years and younger males (42.1%) and a minimum number in men over 12 years (15.7%) were observed. Mean percentage of burns was 11% in over 12 years group and 30.9% in 12 and under 12 years group. The average hospital stay was 11.4 days and the mortality rate was 4.8%. The final status of the patients was as fallows: full recovery 904 cases (78.6%), partial recovery 134 (11.7%), clearance with personal consent 41 (3.6%), death 55 (4.8%) and 16 cases (3.1%) were among other reasons.
Conclusion: In general it can be said, scald burns incidence in individuals aged 12 and younger were more than the older ones and the mean of burns was lower in individuals with over 12 years old. There was a sexual preference for males under 12 years. Mortality rate in the two groups has not any statistically significant difference. There was no statistically significant association between sex and mortality rate. Some of our findings are depending on cultural, social and economic conditions, so generalized this findings to other geographical areas should be done with caution.
Masomeh Abedini , Nahid Ghotbi , Navid Hadavi , Delnia Chavoshi , Nahid Asgharian ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Nosocomial infection is one of the major causes of death in neonates. In recent years, the results of nosocomial infection control committee, which carried out, based on a protocol of National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) is not consistent with neonatal review articles. This study was performed to determine the prevalence and incidence of nosocomial infection with an active, prospective method based on definitions and characteristics of Center for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) and comparing it with routine method of NNIS.
Methods: This cross-sectional and prospective study was independent from Beasat Hospital nosocomial infection control committee and preformed by daily active visiting of neonatal ward (that is level-II) for six month period. The results of this study were compared with the results of the NNIS committee of nosocomial infection. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: From all hospitalized neonates, 369 cases (1292 patients / day) were enrolled in the study. The overall rate of nosocomial infection (frequency) was 2.71% and the overall incidence of nosocomial infection was 7.73 cases per 1,000 patients / day. The most common nosocomial infection in this study was skin and soft tissue infections totally 50%. The incidence of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLA-BSI) was 14.2 per 1000 central catheter/day for the six months of study. Nosocomial infection rate preformed by Beasat Hospital nosocomial infection control committee (based on NNIS) was 0.1 % and incidence of nosocomial infection 0.3 per 1,000 patients/ day at the same 6 month study.
Conclusion: It seems that a large part of this considerable differences between the results of this study compared to NNIS based study, is this fact that, for nosocomial infection surveillance in the neonatal field, the presence of a specialist as a performer and leader of the team, is necessary.
