Showing 27 results for Heydar
Ghasem Janbabai, Amir Hashem Shahidi Bonjar , Abtin Heidarzadeh, Mahdi Shadnoush , Ghasem Sadeghi, Mohsen Dalband, Amir Reza Rokn, Hamid Samadzadeh, Ali Tajernia, Said Sai, Reza Masaeli, Gholamreza Heydari, Ali Yazdani , Behzad Houshmand ,
Volume 79, Issue 2 (May 2021)
Abstract
Background: The advent of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (so-called SARS-CoV-2) causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (so-called COVID-19) occurred in Dec. 2019 in Wuhan, China. Having an inconceivable worldwide contagion, the outbreak was labeled a pandemic by the WHO. Dental services and related professions (including dentists, dental assistants, dental hygienists and the personnel of cleansing, remedial, triage, dental laboratories, radiographic laboratories and other related paraclinicals), facing galore aerosol and droplets, are in the topmost risk groups exposed to the queer virus. This study was fulfilled to round up evidence-based data to break a link at any part of the virus transmission chain in dental services and related professions.
Methods: Relevant online databases, as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar and TripDatabase were searched meticulously and evaluated for relevant published original research papers. Subsequently, to fulfill the investigation, ADA, CDC and WHO websites were reviewed to gain relevant guidelines and protocols. Consequently, 476 resources were included considering the canonical inclusion criteria. For the sake of quality assessment of the resources, an authentic checklist was exploited to score the resources from 1 to 15, wherein the admissible score was 10. After deliberation of resources, 366 of them were excluded and finally, 110 resources were selected and overhauled to attain a comprehensive perception on the subject of the investigation.
Results: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 includes direct transmission (via droplet and aerosol inhalation) and indirect transmission (via surface and instrument contamination), which can amply occur in dental services and related professions. Therefore, an all-inclusive evidence-based miscellany was rallied on several exigent topics, containing genuine esteem in reputable scientific authorities, to present a consummate report for the dental clinicians and related practitioners, working in the course of the running pandemic.
Conclusion: Contemplating the ongoing crisis, undertaking a set of miscellany elected guidelines and protocols, is indispensable in this vital interval of history to bridle the current pandemic, which has been abridged via this systematic perusal. |
Mohammad Nasr Esfahani , Aref Javari, Farhad Heydari, Majid Javari,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (July 2022)
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that several factors affect the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In this study, we have evaluated the factors associated with the outcome of resuscitation in in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest patients (IHCA) 002E.
Methods: This cross-sectional non-probability study was performed on patients with in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest between 2015 and 2020 in the emergency department (ED) of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Data were then collected from medical records to describe patient characteristics, arrest profile, and survival details. Factors associated with the dependent variable were examined Logistic regression.
Results: Among 848 in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrests, 18 patients (2.1%) survived and were discharged from the hospital. The mean age of patients was 62.74±21.17 years, 583 (68.8%) were male, and 265 (31.2%) were female. The mean age of patients with successful resuscitation and those with unsuccessful resuscitation was 62.33±21.79 (6 to 116 years) and 61.58±21.20 (1 month to 108 years) years, respectively. The rate of unsuccessful resuscitation increased with increasing age (P=0.04). Also, the rate of unsuccessful resuscitation increased if there was an underlying disease (P=0.01). In frequency analysis of resuscitation services, emergency medicine with 633 (57.3%) resuscitation is in the first place in the number of resuscitations, of which 22.9% of them have been successful (ROSC). In the anesthesia service, of 2 resuscitations performed, both were successful. In the general surgery service, 36.5% of 63 resuscitations were successful, and the success rate for the neurosurgery service was 32.4% of 102 resuscitations. Analyzing the duration of successful and unsuccessful resuscitation has great importance. In successful resuscitation, the average time was 18.98 minutes and in unsuccessful resuscitation was 39.20 minutes. Also, the maximum and minimum time for successful resuscitations was 63 and 1 minutes. The maximum and minimum time for unsuccessful resuscitations was recorded as 60 and 10 minutes.
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Conclusion: The results showed that several factors were influential in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Increasing age and underlying disease reduced the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Majid Zamani, Masoudeh Babakhanian , Farhad Heydari , Mohammad Nasr-Esfahani , Mohammad Mahdi Zarezadeh ,
Volume 80, Issue 7 (October 2022)
Abstract
Background: In addition to heart disease, ECG also changes in non-heart disease, which due to its similarity, can lead to misdiagnosis of heart disease in patients. ECG changes in brain lesions such as ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, brain traumas, etc. and have been studied in many articles, but the effects of brain midline shift on ECG changes have not been studied. In this study, we want to examine these changes.
Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Patients with brain tumors who were referred to Al-Zahra and Kashani hospitals in Isfahan from April 2019 to March 2021 were selected. Patients with a history of heart disease, patients receiving medications that cause ECG changes, patients with ECG changes due to non-cardiac and cerebral causes, and individuals under 15 years of age were not included in the study. Patients whose ECG changes were due to electrolyte disturbances or acute heart problems were also excluded from the study. After obtaining informed consent from patients, a CT scan or brain MRI was taken and patients were divided into two groups with and without midline shift. Then the ECG was taken and ECG changes (T wave, ST segment, QTc Interval, QRS prolongation) were compared in two groups of brain tumors with and without midline shift.
Results: 136 patients were included in the study. Of these, 69 patients were in the without midline shift group and 67 patients were in the midline shift group. In the midline shift group, 3% of patients had ST segment changes and 23.9% had T wave changes, which were 1.4% and 10.1% in the without midline shift group, respectively. The mean QTc Interval in the two groups without and with midline shift was 338.26 (4 28.438) and 388.66 (37.855), respectively, and the mean QRS in the without midline shift group was 86.09 (88.9.88) ms and in the midline shift group was 94.63 (±12.83) ms.
Conclusion: Brain midline shifts can cause QRS widening, QTc interval prolongation, and T-wave changes in patients' ECGs.
Ahmad Tahmasebi-Ghorrabi , Zahra Heydarifard, Behrouz Nemati, Majid Davari, Alireza Delavari, Hamideh Salimzadeh , Ali Akbari Sari ,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: Screening is a cost-effective method for prevention, early detection of the disease and reducing the burden of the third deadliest cancer in the world, i.e. colorectal cancer. This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of colonoscopy screening compared to sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer in high-risk individuals in Iran.
Methods: This economic evaluation study was conducted using the cost-effectiveness method between July 2016 and February 2017. Evaluation of the effectiveness of screening methods was done using a systematic review. Cost evaluation was also done using the costs obtained from the tariff approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health in 2015 for colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. Finally, the combined model of decision tree and Markov was used to evaluate the cost effectiveness. Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) formula was used for cost effectiveness analysis considering the final outcome of 5-year survival of high-risk individuals. Excel and TreeAge software were used for data analysis.
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Results: The effectiveness of sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy in increasing 5-year survival is 11 and 15.7%, respectively, and colonoscopy screening is 4.7% more than sigmoidoscopy. The cost of colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy screening was calculated as 1000 and 19920 billion Rials, respectively. Based on cost-effectiveness analysis, the cost of treating patients in the case of screening with colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy is lower than without screening. The ICER ratio of colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy compared to no screening was -4/441/389/160 and -4/757/954/940 Rials respectively, and colonoscopy compared to sigmoidoscopy was -3/699/785/880 Rials, respectively. Finally, the use of colonoscopy leads to spending 3/699/785/880 Rials less in exchange for obtaining 4722 additional survivals with the prevention of colorectal cancer compared to sigmoidoscopy.
Conclusion: Screening by colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy methods are effective in reducing the incidence and death of colorectal cancer compared to no screening. Screening by colonoscopy is a dominant option for the high-risk population in Iran. Colonoscopy screening is more cost effective compared to sigmoidoscopy. However, decisions about colorectal cancer screening and screening methods depend on local resources and personal preferences.
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Shima Heydari , Mohammad Nasrollahi, Mohammad Khodashenas Roudsari,
Volume 81, Issue 11 (February 2024)
Abstract
Background: Studies of viral pandemics in the past, as well as studies of patients with sepsis, have shown that there is a direct relationship between the occurrence of AKI with disease severity and mortality, prognosis and outcomes. Considering that the COVID-19 disease is a novel pandemic and there is not enough information on the occurrence of AKI with COVID outcomes and its consequences, especially in Iran, it is necessary to conduct research in this field.
Methods: This is a retrospective study on 310 Covid patients hospitalized in the internal medicine, critical care and infectious disease ward of Birjand Valiasr Hospital from 20 March 2020 until 20 March 2021. Data were collected from the hospital's health information unit. The information was collected including demographics, underlying diseases, vital signs, laboratory information, and imaging and type of respiratory support. Finally, data was analyzed by SPSS V.22.
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Results: 310 patients with an average age of 51.9 ± 17.4 participated in this study, 58.4% of them were male. The prevalence of acute kidney injury in patients was 7.4%. There was a significant relationship between acute kidney injury and the COVID severity, so that the COVID severity increases with the occurrence of acute kidney injury. There was a significant relationship between COVID outcomes and acute kidney injury, so that a higher mortality rate was observed in patients with acute kidney injury. No significant relationship was found between the occurrence of acute kidney injury and the score of pulmonary involvement. Patients with hypertension were more tent to experience acute kidney injury. Also, patients with acute kidney injury have more leukocytosis compared to patients without acute kidney injury. In this study, no significant relationship was observed between lymphocyte count and acute kidney injury. This study showed that the level of serum CRP and BUN are significantly higher in patients with acute kidney injury.
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Conclusion: Acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is not common but had a significant effect on disease severity and outcomes.
Maedeh Afshar, Mahboubeh Haddad , Aliakbar Heydari, Majid Khadem Rezaiyan ,
Volume 82, Issue 8 (November 2024)
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is the most frequently encountered zoonosis and one of the most important health challenges, especially in developing countries. This disease can be accompanied by bacteremia and may result in severe complications. A definitive diagnosis may be made by culture of the organism from blood, body fluids or tissues, although serum agglutination test is often recognized as the reference test. While bacteremic brucellosis is not uncommon, research on this topic remains limited. The present study was conducted to determine the epidemiological, clinical, and para-clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with bacteremic brucellosis.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the epidemiological, clinical, and para-clinical characteristics, and clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with bacteremic brucellosis from March 2011 to February 2021 at Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. A list of adult patients with confirmed brucellosis was assembled from microbiology laboratory records. The inclusion criterion was a positive blood culture for Brucella, regardless of the Brucella serology results. According to the laboratory report, the BACTEC culture medium was used to identify the organism, and the reported results did not specify the Brucella species. Demographic data, clinical presentations, paraclinical findings (including Wright, 2ME Wright, and Coombs Wright), and clinical outcomes were extracted from archived medical records.
Results: The mean age was 38.8±18 years, and 17 patients (53.1%) were male. Cardiac diseases were the most common underlying disease, and 15.7% of patients were immunocompromised. Fever and mono-arthritis were the most common symptoms and signs, respectively. Serologic investigations were negative in 12 patients (37.5%). 84.4% of patients had anemia. There was no mortality among patients.
Conclusion: A significant property of patients with positive blood culture for Brucella may not be identified with serologic assays, so if there is strong clinical suspicion of brucellosis, blood culture should also be considered. According to this study, bacteremic brucellosis is not accompanied by mortality, and the patients respond well to common antibiotic regimens.
Hedayat Heydarizadeh, Hossein Seyedkhani, Zahra Mohebinajad, Ali Heydarizadeh,
Volume 83, Issue 5 (August 2025)
Abstract
Background: Chronic abdominal pain, which is defined as long-term or intermittent abdominal pain, is a common problem in children. Helicobacter pylori infection is acquired in childhood and is one of the important causes of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and stomach cancer, so this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children with chronic abdominal pain referred to Imam Hospital in 1402.
Methods: This study is descriptive-cross-sectional and the statistical population of children with chronic abdominal pain referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ilam city in 1402 was tested for Helicobacter bacteria. Helicobacter pylori was checked using stool antigen test.
Results: This study was conducted on 140 children with chronic abdominal pain with an average age of 7.06 years in the age range of 2-16 years, the majority of children living in Ilam city were boys. The type of feeding was reported in all children as regular, and the majority of them were the result of cesarean delivery (67.9%). The prevalence of 40.7% showed HP positivity in children with chronic abdominal pain. The majority of children in the age group of 4-8 years had Helicobacter pylori positive, 20 people (35.7%) and in children older than 12 years, Helicobacter pylori had the lowest frequency. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was reported more in girls than in boys, and among the studied cities it was the highest. The outbreak was in the city of Ilam. There was no difference between the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori with age, sex, place of residence and type of delivery.
Conclusion: The general results of our study show that Helicobacter pylori is an important factor for chronic abdominal pain in children, but factors such as sex, place of residence and type of delivery do not affect its prevalence. It is suggested that in future studies, the family history, parents' infection with Helicobacter pylori and its relationship with transmission to the child should be measured.
