Showing 155 results for Cell
Asgarani F, Khajeali L, Esfahanian F, Vosogh Mh, Esteghamati Ar, Nakhjavani M,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (12-2009)
Abstract
Background: Increased rate of oxidative stress have important role in diabetic nephropathy. Oxidative stress induces the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. One of them, Extracellular- SOD (EC–SOD) is a major anti-oxidative enzyme and the only one that neutralizes superoxide ion, a precursor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between diabetes- associated oxidative stress and antioxidative defense in macroalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: One hundred and thirty three patients (74 women, 59 men) with type 2 diabetes were studied during 1385-86. According to level of urinary protein, two groups of patients normoalbuminuric (urinary protein excertion below 30mg/24h) and macroalbuminuric (urinary protein excretion more than 300mg/24) were recognized. In each group serum level of oxidized- LDL and EC-SOD were measured.
Results: The mean age of patients and the mean duration of diabetes was 59.09±8.26 years and 137.92±65.91 months, respectively. The plasma oxidized-LDL level and extracellular- superoxide dimutase level were significantly higher in macroalbuminuric than normoalbuminuric group (88.57±33.36 versus 78.24±27.59u/l, p=0.039 for oxidized-LDL and 87.60±21.18 versus 76.25±16.25mu/l, p<0.001 for EC-SOD). Oxidized- LDL was significantly correlated to EC-SOD in macroalbuminuric patients (r=0.425, p<0.0001). Oxidized-LDL and EC-SOD does not correlate to Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c in each two groups.
Conclusion: The significantly elevated plasma oxidized-LDL in patients with macroalbuminuria suggests that, oxidized-LDL may play an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Besides severity of oxidative stress in macroalbuminuic patients, increase level of EC-SOD enzyme could be a compensatory mechanism to prevent tissue damage.
Amari A, Razavi Al, Jamali A, Aminisardrod Aa, Motamedi M, Shojaee S, Ansaripour B, Pourgholaminejad A, Hadjati J,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (12-2009)
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Background: Dendritic Cell (DC) is an important
antigen-presenting cell that present tumor antigen to CD8+ and CD4+ T- Lymphocytes and
induce specific anti-tumor immunity. In
order to induce effective anti-tumor response, an option is increasing the
efficiency of antigen presentation of dendritic cells and T cell activation capacity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dendritic cell maturation with protein components of toxoplasma gondii on cytotoxic T lymphocyte
activity and their infiltration in to the tumor.
Methods: For DC generation, bone marrow cells were cultured in the
presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 for five days. After that, LPS, protein
components and whole extract of toxoplasma gondii were added to the culture
media and incubated for another two days for DC maturation. To generate tumor,
mices were injected subcutaneously with WEHI-164 cell line. For immunotherapy 106 DCs
matured with different compounds were injected around the tumor site.
Infiltration of CD8+ T cells were determined by flow cytometry and cytotoxic
activity was measured by LDH detection kit.
Results: Immunotherapy with DCs treated with protein components of toxoplasma gondii
led to a significant increase in the activity of cytotoxic T cells and
infiltration of CD8+ T cells in to the tumor. Immunotherapy using protein
components of toxoplasma gondii significantly improved the survival of the mice
compared with other groups (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Protein components of toxoplasma are able to increase DC capability in
induction of CTL-mediated
anti-tumor response and
increase infiltration of these
cells in to the tumor.
Mousavi A, Akhavan S,
Volume 68, Issue 2 (5-2010)
Abstract
Background: Primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of cervix (CCAC) is usually seen in women with a history of in utero exposure to diethyl acetyl bestrol (DES). We report two cases of clear cell adenocarcinoma of cervix with no history of exposure to DES in embryonic period.
Case presentation: The first case was a 14-year-old women with complaint of painless vaginal bleeding. There was atypical cells in Pap Smear and a bleeding tumor with 1.5 cm in diameter was found in vagina. She was admitted with a diagnosis of CCAC of the uterine cervix stage Ib2 according to FIGO classification.
The second case was a 23-year-old patient with complaint of painless vaginal bleeding. The results of cervical cytology was normal. Evaluation of the punch biopsy sample revealed CCAC. Her clinical exam showed stage IIb according to FIGO classification. Both patients had no history of exposure to DES during embryonic period. The first patient treated with radical abdominal hysterectomy and systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy and for the another one external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy was performed. There was no any recurrence or metastasis after an 18-24 months follow-up
Conclusions: Primary clear cell carcinoma of cervix could be unrelated to HPV infection or exposure to DES during embryonic period and in approach to these patients
this subject should be considered.
Hesari M, Mansouri K, Mostafaie A, Bidmeshkipour A,
Volume 68, Issue 3 (6-2010)
Abstract
Background: Proteolytic enzymes, especially collagenases, are used for digestion of
extracellular matrix, cell isolation and primary culture. Because of the problems in purification and low amount of collagenases in bacterial or animal sources, it is important to find new sources of the enzymes. So, in the present study actinidin, a plentiful protein in kiwifruit was purified and a mixture of actinidin and trypsin was applied to isolate rat aortic endothelial cells.
Methods: Aortic endothelial cells were isolated using digestion solution containing different concentrations of actinidin (from 2 to 16 mg/ml) and trypsin (0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 mg/ml) in different times (from 15 to 90 minute). Isolated cells were cultured in
DMEM culture medium. Isolated cells were identified by morphological characteristics and immunocytochemical staining viability of separated cells was estimated by trypan blue exclusion test.
Results: Actinidin in concentration of 10 mg/ml with trypsin in concentration of 1.2 mg/ml for one hour could isolate rat aortic endothelial cells. In this condition the viability of cells was estimated 90%. Morphological and immunocytochemical charac- teristics confirmed the isolated cells as endothelial cells.
Conclusion: The results showed that the mentioned mixture of actinidin and trypsin has not considerable toxic effects on separated cells and is a novel and suitable option for isolation of rat aortic endothelial cells
Bakhtiari M, Mansouri K, Mostafaie A, Sadeghi Y, Mozafari H, Ghorbani R, Rezaei Tavirani M,
Volume 68, Issue 9 (12-2010)
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Background: Skin-derived
precursors (SKPs) are a type of progenitor cells extracted from mammalian
dermal tissue and can be differentiate to neural and mesodermal lineage in
vitro. These cells can introduce an accessible autologos source of neural precursor
cells for treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases. This research was done in order to set up isolation, culture,
proliferation and differentiation of human skin derived precursors (hSKPs).
Methods: Human foreskin
samples were cut into smaller pieces and cultured in proliferation medium after
enzymatic digestion. To induce neural differentiation, cells were cultured in
neural differentiation medium after fifth passage. We used immunocytochemistry
and RT-PCR for characterization of the cells. Neuron and glial
cell differentiation potential was assessed by immunofloresence using specific
antibodies. The experiments were carried out in triplicate.
Results: After
differentiation, βΙΙΙ- tubulin and neurofilament-M positive cells
were observed that are specific markers for neurons. Moreover, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and S100 positive cells were identified that are markers
specifically express in glial cells. Detected neurons and glials were also
confirmed by their morphologic characterizations.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that skin-derived precursors
obtained from human foreskin can exhibit neuronal and glial differentiation
potential in vitro, depending on the protocols of induction.
Taghavi Kani M, Homayoon Jafari A, Khoshnevisan A, Arabalibeyk H, Abolhasani Mj,
Volume 68, Issue 11 (2-2011)
Abstract
Background: Studying the behavior of a society of neurons, extracting the communication mechanisms of brain with other tissues, finding treatment for some nervous system diseases and designing neuroprosthetic devices, require an algorithm to sort neuralspikes automatically. However, sorting neural spikes is a challenging task because of the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the spikes. The main purpose of this study was to design an automatic algorithm for classifying neuronal spikes that are emitted from a specific region of the nervous system.
Methods: The spike sorting process usually consists of three stages: detection, feature extraction and sorting. We initially used signal statistics to detect neural spikes. Then, we chose a limited number of typical spikes as features and finally used them to train a radial basis function (RBF) neural network to sort the spikes. In most spike sorting devices, these signals are not linearly discriminative. In order to solve this problem, the aforesaid RBF neural network was used.
Results: After the learning process, our proposed algorithm classified any arbitrary spike. The obtained results showed that even though the proposed Radial Basis Spike Sorter (RBSS) reached to the same error as the previous methods, however, the computational costs were much lower compared to other algorithms. Moreover, the competitive points of the proposed algorithm were its good speed and low computational complexity.
Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, the proposed algorithm seems to serve the purpose of procedures that require real-time processing and spike sorting.
Kabiri F, Nejati V, Tukmechi A, Delirezh N, Nikbakhsh P,
Volume 68, Issue 12 (3-2011)
Abstract
Background: Lactobacillus species are genetically diverse groups of Lactic Acid
Bacteria (LAB) that have been
introduced as probiotics, because of some characteristics such as their anti-tumor properties, helping the intestinal flora balance, production of
antibiotics, stimulation of host immune response, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cytoplasmic extraction and cell wall of
Lactobacillus species isolated from the intestine of common carp on human chronic myelocytic leukemia or K562 cancer cell lines.
Methods: The intestinal contents of 115 common carp captured from the natural resources of West Azerbaijan province in Iran were examined for LAB. After isolation, the identification of Lactobacilli was done according to traditional and molecular bacteriological tests. Subsequently, a suspension of each bacterium was prepared and the protein content of the cytoplasm was extracted. Cell wall disintegration was done by cell lysis buffer and sonication. The effects of cytoplasmic extraction and cell wall on K562 cell line proliferation were investigated by MTT
assays.
Results: The cytoplasmic extraction of the isolated Lactobacilli had significant (p<0.05)
anti-proliferative effects on K562 cells. The cytoplasmic extractions of Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus casei inhibited K562 cell proliferation by 66.56% and 54.28% at 83.33 μg/ml concentration, respectively.Nevertheless, the Lactobacillus cell wall could not inhibit the proliferations
of K562 cells (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, the cytoplasmic extractions of the isolated Lactobacilli from the
intestine of common carp had anti-proliferative effects on K562cell line.
Asadi M, Farokhi F, Ganji Bakhsh M, Delirezh N, Nejati V, Gholami K,
Volume 69, Issue 1 (4-2011)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, dendritic cells (DC) are used for tumor immunotherapy as
they can induce immune responses against tumor cells. In this research, we comprehensively studied the maturation stimulus addition, PHA-activated T-cell (PHA- TCM) conditioned medium, autologous monocyte-conditioned medium (MCM) and TNF-α for their ability to promote uniformly mature dendritic cells that elicit T-cell responses.
Methods: Plastic adherent monocytes were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for five days and two days with monocyte-conditioned medium (MCM), tumor necrotizing factor-α (TNF-α)
without TCM (PHA-activated T-cell conditioned medium). Phenotypic and functional
analyses were carried out using anti-CD14, anti-CD80, anti-CD86, anti-CD83 monoclonal antibodies. Phagocytic activity, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cytokine production were also evaluated.
Results: The generated dendritic cells had high expression of surface molecules i.e. CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR. Moreover, the cells had low phagocytic and high T- lymphocyte stimulating activities. Measurement of the produced cytokines showed the generation of type-1 dendritic cells (DC1) in the study.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that more efficient maturation of dendritic cells could be achieved by the use of PHA-activated T-lymphocyte conditioned medium in the culture medium. The aforesaid supernatant can be used as a maturation factor for
the production of efficient dendritic cells with the ability to be used for tumor
immunotherapy. This conditioned medium can provide new strategies and evolve into more advance tools for the generation of dendritic cells in vitro for tumor immunotherapy.
Khanlarkhani N, Atlasi Ma, Ragerdi Kashani I, Naderian H, Taherian Aa, Nikzad H,
Volume 69, Issue 2 (5-2011)
Abstract
Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have noticeable self-renewal ability and can differentiate into several cell lines such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and myocytes. Progesterone plays a significant role in the myelination of peripheral nerves. Regarding the role of progesterone on the myelination of peripheral nervous system, we evaluated its effects on the in-vitro expression of P0, S100 and Krox20 mRNA in adipose-derived stem cells.
Methods: In this experimental study, rat adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from the inguinal region of the animals and were evaluated by flow cytometry before culture. In preinduction phase, the cells were sequentially treated with various factors such as β- mercaptoethanol and all-trans-retinoic acid, followed by different induction mixtures. The cells were divided into four groups including two control groups (receiving either fibroblast and platelet derived-growth factors, or fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived-growth factor, forskolin and heregulin) and two experimental groups (receiving either fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived-growth factor, forskolin and progesterone, or fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived-growth factor, heregulin and progesterone). Expression of Schwann cell markers, S-100, P0 and Krox20 mRNA, was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
Results: ADSCs expressed CD90, CD73, and CD31 but showed lack of CD45, and VEGFR2 expression. After the induction stage, S-100, P0 and Krox20 mRNA were expressed in the progesterone receiving experimental groups, but expression of S-100 and Krox20 mRNA were less than the control group which was receiving forskolin and heregulin (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Progesterone can promote the in-vitro expression of S-100, P0, and Krox20
genes in adipose-derived stem cells
Gholami K, Nejati V, Delirezh N, Ganji Bakhsh M, Asadi M,
Volume 69, Issue 3 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background: The innate and adaptive immune responses are dependent on the
migration of leukocytes across endothelial cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the initiation of cellular immune responses during their migration from tissues into the lymph nodes where they interact with endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels. We investigated the effects of surface-adherent and non-activated endothelial cells on phenotypic and functional characteristics of dendritic cells. Methods: Immature dendritic cells were generated from the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their subsequent culture in DC-RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FCS, interleukin-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for five days. On day five, a maturation factor (composed of monocyte-conditioned medium, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and poly I:C) was added to the RPMI medium where immature DCs were co-cultured with endothelial cell monolayer for 24 h. The maturation of harvested DCs on day seven was evaluated via flow cytometry, a beta-counter and an ELISA kit.
Results: This study showed that the endothelial cells interact with dendritic cells generated from peripheral blood monocytes via cell-to-cell interaction. This interaction inhibits the maturation of DCs via decrease in the expression of CD83, CD86, CD80, HLA-DR and up-regulation of CD14. The interaction also inhibits the stimulation of T-lymphocytes resulting in a decrease in their proliferation.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it could be concluded that the endothelial cells can act as a potent regulator for DCs differentiation and function at the encounter made between them during the migration of DCs from tissues to lymph
nodes.
Tanhaye Kalate Sabz F, Farokhi F, Delirezh N, Chapari H, ,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (7-2011)
Abstract
Background: Cell-therapy provides a promising alternative for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Monocytes which have a reprogramming or differentiation potential and are more available than any other types of stem cells, have been recognized as candidates for such investigations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differentiation potential of rat peripheral blood monocytes into insulin-producing cells by the use of rat pancreatic extract (2 days after a 60% pancreatectomy).
Methods: Rat peripheral blood monocytes were isolated and cultured. Adherent monocytes were induced to differentiate into programmable cells in RPMI supplemented by 10% FCS, &beta-mercaptoetanol, M-CSF and IL-3 for six days. The dedifferentiated cells were analyzed by invert microscopy. Cultures of Programmable Cells of Monocytic Origin (PCMOs) were continued in RPMI, containing 10% FBS, pancreatic extract and 5 mmol/L glucose for 15 days. The medium was replaced every three days. At the end of the protocol, insulin and c-peptide excreted by the differentiated cells were tested by radioimmunoassay on days 6, 14, and 21. In order to verify insulin production in the cells, dithizone-staining, which is a method for insulin identification, was employed.
Results: The results showed that the cells cultured in rat pancreatic extract secreted insulin and c-peptide relative to the control group. Dithizone-staining was positive in the aforesaid cells (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that pancreatic extract treatment can differentiate rat peripheral blood monocytes into insulin-producing cells which can be regarded as a potential source for the treatment of diabetes.
Izadi-Mood N, Sarmadi S, Heydari-Farzan F, Haeri H, Forouhesh-Tehrani Z,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (7-2011)
Abstract
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Background: Cancer of uterine cervix is the second cause of death in women in the world and
the most common cause in developing countries. Because the majority of women with
invasive cervical cancer of the uterine have not previously undergone screening,
many clinicians assume that Pap smear has a high degree of accuracy but
problems such as false positive and false negative interpretations, as well as interobserver
variability have questioned its validity.
Methods : We retrieved 162 positive cervical
smears that had been originally interpreted as ASC-US, ASC-H,
LSIL, HSIL, SCC, AGC and adenocarcinoma from the cytology archives
of Women's Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The slides were rescreened by an
experienced pathologist and reclassified in the mentioned categories. All the 162
slides were reviewed by three more pathologists in a blind study using
interpretative criteria utilized in their daily routine to evaluate
interobserver reproducibility. To increase the level of interobserver
agreement, the diagnostic categories were reduced to squamous Vs.
glandular abnormalities and invasive (SCC
and adenocarcinoma) Vs.
non-invasive abnormalities.
Results : The results obtained in this study indicated slight interobserver agreement (k=0.26).
The most reproducible category was the invasive category (SCC
in addition to adenocarcinoma) and the least agreement was seen for HSIL
(k=0.19).
Conclusion: This study showed that reproducibility of cytological interpretation of
conventional Pap smears varies among interpretive categories and the overall interobserver
agreement is slight. Since convening on the reduction of interobserver
discrepancy in Pap smear interpretations necessitates more reliable information
of interpretative variability, larger studies need to be undertaken.
Ramezani B, Madjd Z, Kadivar M, Molanae S,
Volume 69, Issue 9 (12-2011)
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Background: Aldehyde
dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is a marker of normal and malignant human mammary
stem cells that has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis. Studies
on the detection of ALDH1+ cells can help the treatment of patients with
breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of ALDH1 in breast
cancer and its relationship with the pathological features of the tumors.
Methods: ALDH1 activity was studied by
immunohistochemistry in 121 paraffin-embedded histological
samples of breast cancer patients from Department of Pathology of Milad
Hospital, Tehran, Iran during 2006-2007. The
relationship of ALDH1 with the pathological features of the tumors (size,
grade, lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion) was also investigated.
Results: Eighty-five percent of breast cancer
samples expressed ALDH1 in their cytoplasm with a wide range
of intensity (weak, moderate and strong), while 18 samples (14.9%) were completely negative. The
majority of cases (97.1%) showed ALDH1 positivity in the stroma of tumors which varied from
weak (2.9%) to strong (73.5%). ALDH1 H-score (ALDH1% × intensity) of tumor cells varied from 0 to 240 (mean= 80). ALDH1 H-score was ≤80 in 62 (51.2%) and >80 in 59 (48.8%) samples. There
was no statistically significant relationship between ALDH1 H-score and age (P=0.358), tumor size (P=0.375), tumor grade (P=0.207), lymph node metastasis (P=0.125) or vascular
invasion (P=0.190).
Conclusion: ALDH1 activity was
demonstrated in 85.1% of
breast cancer samples although its level of expression was not correlated with
the pathologic features of breast tumors.
Farhadi M, Tabatabaee A, Shekarabi M, Noorbaksh S, Khatib M, Javadinia Sh,
Volume 69, Issue 9 (12-2011)
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Background: Too many studies are in the process
of determining the probable role of immune system in the etiopathogenesis of
nasal polyposis. This study was designed to identify the probable participation
of Th1, Th2 lymphocytes in the induction and progression
of nasal polyposis.
Methods: Seventy-five patients, 42 male and 33 female, with
nasal polyposis were examined for total serum IgE, specific serum IgE and reaction to skin test for differentiating allergic from
non-allergic participants in Rasoul Akram Hospital during 2010. To determine the possible correlation of allergic
reactions in the upper respiratory tract and nasal polyposis, cytokine gene
expression was evaluated on the extracted RNA by
RT-PCR. The data were analyzed by using c2, independent t-test, correlation and
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curve.
Results: The mean
age of participants was 38 years (18-81 years). IFN-γ
and IL-4 gene expressions were more prevalent
in allergic than non-allergic individuals (IFN-γ:
39.5% vs. 14.2%, P=0.3 and IL-4: 44.7% vs. 18.9%, P=0.02, respectively). IL-10 and IL-12 (P35 and P40 fractions) genes were not
significantly different between the two groups. IL-10 and IL-12 (P35, P40) genes did not differ significantly either.
Conclusion: This research suggests that overproduction of
cytokines and an imbalance of Th1
and Th2 cell production may
play an important role in the pathophysiology of allergic or non-allergic nasal
polyp formation. Thus, although nasal polyposis is a multifactorial disease
with several different etiological factors, chronic persistent inflammation is
undoubtedly a major factor irrespective of the etiology.
Hajighasemi F, Resvan Madani Fz,
Volume 69, Issue 11 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: Isosorbide dinitrate has been broadly used in the treatment of various ischemic heart diseases. Isosorbide is a nitric oxide donor which increases blood flow to tumors through vasodilatation and consequently accelerates the access of chemo-drugs to them. Furthermore, this drug has inhibitory effects on angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, its ant-inflammatory effects have also been reported. In the present study we evaluated the effects of isosorbide on the proliferative activity of fibrosarcoma WEHI-164 cell line and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
Methods: WEHI-164 fibrosarcoma cells and human PBMCs were cultured in complete Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and 2×104 cells/mL for WEHI-164 and 2×105 cells/mL for PBMCs. The cells were then incubated at the exponential growth phase with different concentrations of isosorbide (4×10-6-1.6×10-3 M) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Subsequently, isosorbide effects on proliferation of the cells were evaluated by trypan blue dye exclusion (TB) test and MTT assay. Statistical comparisons between groups were made by analysis of variance.
Results: The proliferative activity of WEHI-164 fibrosarcoma cells and human PBMCs treated with different concentrations of isosorbide, did not show any significant difference with untreated control cells.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that isosorbide neither had any significant effects on the proliferative activity of fibrosarcoma WEHI-164 cells nor on human PBMCs. Our findings suggest that anti-tumoral effects of isosorbide reported by other investigators may be mediated through non-cytotoxic mechanisms.
Ganji Bakhsh M, Nejati V, Asadi M, Delirezh N, Farokhi F,
Volume 69, Issue 11 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, dendritic cells (DCs) have a special place in cancer treatment strategies and they have been used for tumor immunotherapy as they can induce immune response against tumor cells. Researchers have been trying to generate efficient dendritic cells in vitro therefore, this research was done to generate them for use in research and tumor immunotherapy.
Methods: This study took place at Urmia University in 2010-2011 years. In this study plastic adherent monocytes were incubated with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for five days. Finally, fully matured and stable DCs were generated by 48 hours of incubation in a monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) containing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and epithelial cells. Phenotypic and functional analysis were carried out by using anti-CD14, anti-CD80, anti-CD86, and anti-CD83 monoclonal antibodies, and by determining their phagocytic activity, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cytokine production, respectively.
Results: Dendritic cells were produced with high levels of surface molecule, i.e. of CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR, expression and low levels of CD14 expression. Dendritic cells showed efficient phagocytosis and ability to stimulate T-lymphocytes. Moreover, dendritic cells could secrete high levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine which was depictive of their full maturation. Measurement of the produced cytokines showed the generation of type-1 dendritic cells (DC1).
Conclusion: Our study showed that skin epithelial cells could induce maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). This feeder layer led to the production of efficient dendritic cells with the ability to be used for tumor immunotherapy.
Chapari H, Farokhi F, Delirezh N, Javadi Sh, Tanhaye Kalate Sabz F,
Volume 69, Issue 11 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: The characteristic of stem cells in self renewal and differentiation to different types of cells has stimulated the interests for using stem cells as a starting material for generating insulin secreting cells. We've evaluated the differentiation potential of Programmable cells of monocytic origin (PCMOs) into insulin producing cells effected from the growth factors and fibroblasts conditioned media (FCM).
Methods: Peripheral blood monocytes of rat were cultured for 6 days in RPMI with 15% FBS, β- mercaptoethanol, MCSF and interleukin-3. Then, these cells were incubated in differentiation media with HGF, EGF, Nicotinamide, 15% fibroblasts conditioned media and glucose for 15days. Morphological differences of cells were studied by invert microscope. In several stages, the amounts of insulin in supernatant of cells were measured by radioimmunoassay kit. Also productions of insulin from differentiated cells were studied with DTZ special staining.
Results: In response to MCSF and IL-3, monocytes dedifferentiated. These programmable cells of monocytic origin (PCMOs) were capable of differentiating into insulin producing cells in differentiation media. The morphology of differentiated cells was similar to Beta cells and the amount of insulin in supernatant of differentiated cells was much higher than PCMOs (P<0.05).
Conclusion: HGF, EGF, Nicotinamide and fibroblasts conditioned media are differentiation factors of PCMOs into insulin producing cells. According to the results insulin producing cells can be differentiated from programmable cells of monocytic origin in presence of fibroblasts conditioned media.
Mahmoodi Majid, Alizadeh Alimohammad, Amini-Najafi Fatemeh, Khosravi Alireza, Hosseini Seyed Kazem, Safari Zahra, Hydarnasab Daryosh,
Volume 69, Issue 12 (3-2012)
Abstract
Background: Fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins, are mainly found in wheat, corn and their products. Previous studies have shown that fumonisin B1 (FB1), the most abundant and toxic of known fumonisins, has been associated with many animal and human diseases including cancer. In the present study, the effects of FB1 were examined on the production of inflammatory cytokines in intestine and stomach cell lines.
Methods: This study was performed in the Cancer Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2010. The cell lines of colon adenocarcinoma (SW742) and gastric epithelium (AGS) were purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran. The cells were pretreated with different concentrations of FB1 (0 to 100 µM) for 3 days. The cells were later stimulated by lipopolysaccharides. Twenty-four hours after cell induction, the cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interlukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interlukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by ELISA.
Results: Treatment with FB1 induced a dose-dependent decrease in IL-8 production (P<0.05). This decrease was seen in both SW742 and AGS cell lines. Moreover, FB1 induced a dose-dependent increase in the production of TNF-α and IL-1β in both cell lines (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that FB1 could increase the inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β in gastric and intestinal celllines. These effects might result in the development of inflammatory responses and subsequent mucosal atrophy in in-vivo conditions.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mokarrari S, Yazdi Mh, Paymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T, Shirazi L, Mahdavi M,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Background: Regarding the immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus bacteria, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus reuteri, as probiotic bacteria, on natural killer cell cytotoxicity and tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation in Balb/c mice with breast adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A total of 30 female mice, aged 6- 8 weeks and with a weight of approximately 17- 19 g, were randomly divided into two groups of 15 mice. The case group received Lactobacillus reuteri at a dose of 2.7× 108 bacteria in half a milliliter of sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and the control group only received PBS. The probiotic group received the regimen for two weeks prior to tumor transplantation, as they did for 30 days after transplantation with three-day intervals and durations of seven days. For the evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity and also tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation response, LDH and BrdU assays were performed respectively according to the manufacturers' instructions.
Results: The study showed that the mice in the case group which were receiving Lactobacillus reuteri had statistically significant differences in the replication of tumor -specific lymphocytes, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and delayed hypersensitivity responses Compared to the mice in the control group.
Conclusion: Daily consumption of probiotics seems to regulate the immune system and consequently it can be helpful in people with cancer. Moreover, consumption of probiotics in healthy individuals can also boost the efficiency of the immune system against a variety of abnormalities.
Hashemi Zs, Forouzandeh Moghadam M, Soleimani M, Hafizi M, Amirizadeh N,
Volume 70, Issue 2 (5-2012)
Abstract
Background: Bone Marrow Transplantations (BMT) are limited by low CD34+ cell counts in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and these cells need to be expanded for success in such procedures. To achieve this goal, ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by enhancing their self-renewal activity on demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffold coated with mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) and unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) was recommended. TGF-b pathway is a key inhibitory factor for HSCs self-renewal. In this study ex vivo expansion and downregulation of TGF-b pathway were simultaneously performed.
Methods: USSC cells were isolated from UCB and then coated on DBM scaffold as a feeder layer. UCB CD34+ cells were isolated from UCB by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) method and were transfected by siRNA against TGFbR2 in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures by co-cultivation with USSC. TGFbR2 expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell count and flow cytometry were performed and clonogenic activity was evaluated.
Results: Ex vivo expansion of CD34+ cells was significantly enhanced (41±0.7 folds) by TGFbR2 downregulation, especially in 2D than 3D cultures. Finally, 2D culture showed less TGFbR2 expression levels and higher increase in the percentage of CD34 markers by flow cytometry assay.
Conclusion: The 3D siRNA delivery system would be of lower efficiency in contrast to 2D settings where the cells have less freedom and are in more contact with the feeder layer.
