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Hossain Soleymani Salehabadi , Saeid Salehinejad Kouvei , Mohammad Bagher Owlia , Ali Dehghan , Masoud Mohammadi ,
Volume 74, Issue 7 (October 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 7 (October 2016)
Abstract
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects axial skeleton of the body and ankylosing spondylitis ligaments around the spine at the junction of the spine are inflamed, because the disease is progressive and can lead to significantly cause of disability and the studies could provide a mechanism for the early detection of the disease or help determine when to start treatment, the difference in clinical presentations of AS in men and women is indicative of potential effect of gender on severity of the disease. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of gender on severity of AS.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, one hundred and fifteen patients with ankylosing spondylitis who referred to Yazd Rheumatology Clinic between 2001 and 2013 were evaluated. Sampling was performed using non-random convenient method. The most important variables studied included demographic data, clinical presentation, radiographic stage of sacroiliac involvement, and laboratory data extracted from patients’ files and recorded in questionnaires.
Results: Both groups according to age at diagnosis, presence of enteritis, peripheral joint involvement and laboratory data such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hemoglobin were matched. Inflammatory neck pain was more prevalent in men than in women (77.2% against 51.8%; P< 0.05). Sacroiliac radiographic study revealed stage 1 involvement in 11.3% of men and 37% of women (P= 0.009), and stage 4 in 27.2% of men and 3.7% of women (P< 0.001), with a significant difference.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the time between age of onset and age at diagnosis, inflammatory pain in the neck and advanced stage in men than in women was higher. Although these findings suggest that gender may have an impact on the pattern and severity of AS but the time delay in diagnosis as a disease affecting the intensity and pattern should not be overlooked.
Rezvan Esmaeili , Tannaz Samadi , Nasrin Abdoli , Keivan Majidzadeh-Ardebili , Leila Farahmand , Malihe Salehi ,
Volume 74, Issue 10 (January 2017)
Volume 74, Issue 10 (January 2017)
Abstract
Background: Researchers are always trying to find specific markers which express specifically in cancer. These specific markers help to diagnose and treat cancer without affecting normal tissues. Cancer-testis antigens are among the new promising biomarkers, especially for targeted therapy. These markers are specially expressed in testis. Various studies have been reported individual expression of these proteins in some tumor tissues. Since testis is an immune privilege organ, abnormal expression of the above mentioned genes raises immune response and the serum antibody against them (CT antigene) can be detected as a marker of cancer. However, understanding their differential role in normal and cancer tissues may introduce them as new candidates of cancer biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate AKAP3 gene expression in breast cancer and its correlation with clinicopathologic features of the disease.
Methods: This study is a case-control study conducted at the Brest Cancer Research Center (BCRC)- Iran, between October 2014 to May 2016. AKAP3 gene expression was investigated with real-time PCR in breast samples including: 74 tumors, 73 normal adjacents and 15 normal tissues. On the other hand the correlation between gene expression, clinicopathologic features of the tumors and treatment regimen were evaluated.
Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between lack of AKAP3 expression, tumor size (P=0.01) and stage (P=0.04). The association between poor prognosis and the absence of AKAP3 expression in normal adjacent tissues were observed. Kaplan Meier plot showed a significant better disease free survival in the normal adjacent patients group that are expressed AKAP3.
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Conclusion: It was observed that the better free survival in the normal adjacent group is because of the different AKAP3 expression, not treatment variations between two patient groups. As a result, AKAP3 can be a suitable candidate biomarker for breast cancer patients. Also, the study of gene expression in normal tissue of patients may be used to predict response to therapy. |
Ghasem Salehpoor, Abdulaziz Aflakseir,
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Abstract
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Background: Body pain in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common phenomenon that can create or exacerbate by different parameters of clinical, psychological and demographic. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parameters of clinical (fatigue, clinical course, body mass index and duration), psychological (depression, anxiety and stress) and demographic (age, gender, marital status and education) characters with multiple sclerosis patient’s body pain. Methods: This cross-sectional study has been performed in the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Guilan Province and Imam Reza Specialized and Sub-specialized Clinic, Rasht City, Iran during June to February 2010. In this study 162 patients with MS were selected by consecutive sampling. We used the clinical and demographic variables inventory, body pain subscale of the health survey questionnaire, depression, anxiety and stress scale and fatigue severity scale along with identical analog-spring balance. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and point bi-serial, one-way analysis of variance, Gabriel test and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The findings showed that patients who scored 3 or higher in relapses experienced significantly more body pain than patients who scored 1-2 times of relapses (P= 0.031). In the meantime, significant differences were not found between the two groups of patients with a score of 3 or higher in relapses and non-relapse and between non-relapse patients and with a score 1-2 times of relapses in terms of body pain. Also, significant differences were not found in different groups of hospitalization in terms of body pain. However, anxiety and fatigue together could explain significantly 25% of the shared variance of body pain (F= 26.29, P≤ 0.0009). Conclusion: This study showed the effect of psychological and clinical factors on body pain exacerbation in MS patients. Therefore, it is necessary for clinicians to consider identifying these factors and the relationships of the factors with increasing pain in patients with MS. |
Mohammd Javad Fatemi , Shirin Chehroudi , Tooran Bagheri , Sahar Saleh , Amir Atashi , Mohsen Saberi , Seyed Aboozar Hoseini , Shirin Araghi ,
Volume 74, Issue 12 (March 2017)
Volume 74, Issue 12 (March 2017)
Abstract
Background: Acute and chronic wound healing has always been problematic. Stem cells with or without the scaffold carrying these cells have been proposed as new methods in the treatment of wounds. In this case study we have tried to examine the effect of scaffold made of polyether sulfone (PES) alone, with stem cells and along with stem cell and growth factor on wound healing in rats.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted in Animal Laboratory of Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital in 2012. In this study, 48 rats were randomly divided into four groups. A wound created on the back of each rat at the size of 3×3 cm. The surface of the wound in the first group is covered with PES seeded with adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) and growth factor (GF), in the second group with polyether Sulfone seeded with ASC, in the third group only with PEWS, and in the fourth group (control) with Vaseline gauze. On 20th and 35th days, the surface of the wound was assessed by photography in order to understand the process of healing. In addition, on days 20 and 45, the histopathology characteristics of the samples were studied with a biopsy of the wounds.
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Results: The Results of wound healing in the control group was better than the other groups and its statistical difference between others was meaningful. (P=0.008, P=0.013, P=0.001) On day 20, by examining histopathological characteristics including epithelialization, the number of inflammatory cells, the amount of angiogenesis and collagen synthesis in control group, we gained better results. (P=0.000), But on day 45, the results in different parameters were not equal. Conclusion: polyether sulfone scaffold alone or with adipose-derived stem cells couldn’t improve the process of wound healing. Also adding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) did not change the results significantly. |
Hamed Tabasizadeh , Foroud Salehi , Marzieh Eslami Moayyed, Marieh Eslami Moayyed ,
Volume 75, Issue 3 (June 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 3 (June 2017)
Abstract
Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations are rare congenital anomalies presenting as different symptoms depending on their size and the age of patient. Congestive heart failure is a rare condition in neonatal period and is most common due to structural heart defects, but rarely may be a result of peripheral shunts such as cerebral arteriovenous malformation.
Case presentation: A term male newborn infant who was delivered by Caesarean Section in Chamran Hospital, Ferdows, South Khorasan Province, June 2016. The infant was admitted to neonatal care unit due to nonreactive nonstress (NST) with normal Apgar score. In first postpartum visit, a systolic heart murmur was detected. Echocardiography showed small atrial septal defect secundum type and patent foramen ovale (PFO). He presented clinical manifestations of heart failure after 72 hours of birth. Antibiotic and treatment of heart failure was started. Following excluding most common etiologies of heart failure such as sepsis, anemia and arrhythmias, for detecting less common conditions such as cerebral vascular aneurism a transfontanelle ultrasonography was performed which showed dilated cerebral venous system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) revealed a large congenital cerebral arterio-venous malformation (CAVM), in right cerebral hemisphere. Finally, he was expired 9 days after birth due to severe heart failure before any definitive treatment for closing CAVM could be done.
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Conclusion: CAVM are extremely rare vascular anomalies in newborns which may present occasionally as congestive heart failure in neonatal period. So after excluding other most common etiologies of heart failure such as structural heart defects, screening CAVMs should be done. Inspite of early diagnosis, usually they have extremely poor prognosis. |
Parviz Saleh , Kian Alipasandi, Mohammadamin Rezazadehsaatlou , Negar Azizi , Amin Abdi Raad ,
Volume 75, Issue 6 (September 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 6 (September 2017)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections are very common in patients with high blood pressure. Hypertensive patients experience an average of three times of urinary tract infection per year. Blood pressure control is very important for preventing complications and also for identifying high-risk groups. Since, there is no national related study in this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of chronic hypertension on the incidence and recurrence of urinary tract infections.
Methods: In this case-control study, the required data were collected from outpatient cases referring to Taleghani Hospital and Sina Hospital related to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Tabriz city, Iran. Data needed for the control group included patients accompanying patients who had no symptoms of urinary tract infection and with no history of blood pressure.
Methods: In this case-control study, the required data were collected from outpatient cases referring to Taleghani Hospital and Sina Hospital related to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Tabriz city, Iran. Data needed for the control group included patients accompanying patients who had no symptoms of urinary tract infection and with no history of blood pressure.
| Results: 60 patients with urinary tract infections were examined: 57 (47.5%) of the subjects were men and 63 (52.5%) women. There was a significant relationship between the rate of red blood cell deposition in the first hour and systolic blood pressure. There was no significant correlation between the numerical value of white blood cell count and systolic or diastolic blood pressure in the studied patients. |
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure in patients ESR 1 hour (red blood cell deposition rate in the first hour) with hypertension in case and control groups. There was a significant correlation between the ESR of the first hour and systolic blood pressure in the study, so that with an increase in ESR 1h, the systolic blood pressure increased in the examined patients, however, no significant correlation was found between ESR 1hour and diastolic blood pressure. Also, there was no meaningful correlation between the numerical value of white blood cell count and systolic or diastolic blood pressure in the studied patients. There was no significant correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and age.
Fateme Khosravi Node , Farida Behzadian , Vahideh Mazaheri , Hadiseh Shokouhi , Maryam Saleh , Behrokh Farahmand ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Abstract
Background: Each year, Human influenza A (H1N1) virus causes moderate to severe infections with a high prevalence throughout the world. Accordingly, the rapid, sensitive and cost-effective laboratory diagnosis based on viral antigen detection is important. Moreover, the generation of specific antibodies directed against Influenza antigens is essential to the success of both basic and applied research programs. Hemagglutinin (HA) is the major surface envelope glycoprotein of influenza virus, which is subsequently cleaved into two subunits, HA1 and HA2. Since most antigenic sites are in the HA1 domain of HA, HA1 domain of influenza virus was studied as antigen to produce polyclonal antibody.
Methods: In this experimental study we expressed and purified the recombinant HA1 protein in the second half of 2015 at department of influenza and other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran and then prepared the polyclonal rabbit antibody against it. The vector of pET28aHA1 expressing HA1-His tagged protein of H1N1 influenza A/PR/8/34 virus was used for large scale production of HA1 into E. Coli (BL21). By changing expression conditions such as IPTG (Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside) concentration, time and temperature of incubation, the expression conditions for HA1 were optimized. The total cell protein harvested and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. All above mentioned experiments monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Results: The efficiency of HA1 recombinant protein was high, equal to 400-600 mg/ml of cell lysate. The polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing the rabbits using recombinant HA1 with Freund’s adjuvant according to standard protocols. Efficiency of the antiserum evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Determination of antibody level in the collected antiserum using serum-based ELISA showed that the specific antibody has risen well through the immunization schedule.
Conclusion: Our data shows that this polyclonal antibody has potential to be produced in rabbit. It will also be used in the future in influenza diagnosis as well as in other immunological applications such as western blot analyses, immunocytochemistry, and immunohistochemistry.
Methods: In this experimental study we expressed and purified the recombinant HA1 protein in the second half of 2015 at department of influenza and other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran and then prepared the polyclonal rabbit antibody against it. The vector of pET28aHA1 expressing HA1-His tagged protein of H1N1 influenza A/PR/8/34 virus was used for large scale production of HA1 into E. Coli (BL21). By changing expression conditions such as IPTG (Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside) concentration, time and temperature of incubation, the expression conditions for HA1 were optimized. The total cell protein harvested and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. All above mentioned experiments monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Results: The efficiency of HA1 recombinant protein was high, equal to 400-600 mg/ml of cell lysate. The polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing the rabbits using recombinant HA1 with Freund’s adjuvant according to standard protocols. Efficiency of the antiserum evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Determination of antibody level in the collected antiserum using serum-based ELISA showed that the specific antibody has risen well through the immunization schedule.
Conclusion: Our data shows that this polyclonal antibody has potential to be produced in rabbit. It will also be used in the future in influenza diagnosis as well as in other immunological applications such as western blot analyses, immunocytochemistry, and immunohistochemistry.
Parviz Saleh , Mohammadamin Rezazadehsaatlou , Sara Tofighi ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Abstract
Background: Studies indicate a prevalence of 39.2% diabetes mellitus (DM) as the most common underlying cause in patients with dialysis. Statistics showed that the rates of morbidity and mortality were higher in hemodialysis patients with diabetes compared with hemodialysis patients without diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors responsible for infections in patient’s chronic renal failure on hemodialysis patients having diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 30 randomly selected hemodialysis patients who were referred to Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz from April 2016 to April 2017. The patients' records were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were collected in designed questionnaires for further analysis.
Results: 63.3% of patients were males and 36.7% were females. The average age of study population was 51.23±12.74. Duration of dialysis was 5.15±3.58 years. The average HBA1C was 9.08±1.48. Bacterial cause of feet ulcer was isolated only in 56.7% of cases. Isolated bacteria were anaerobic (47.05%), gram-positive (35.29%) and gram negative (17.64%). Amputation was performed in 26.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 13.3% of patients. Low personal hygiene, presence of vasculopathy, mortality and amputation was higher in anaerobic infections. Most infections were seen in patients with inadequate dialysis. Low dialysis adequacy, amputation, vasculopathy, increased duration of dialysis, poor hygiene was seen in patients with higher HbA1C.
Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of diabetic foot ulcers caused by anaerobic infections, because of the outcome of amputation and higher mortality rates in these patients, the prognosis is worse than other cases. Also, due to the direct relationship between personal hygiene and the development of anaerobic infections, it is possible to prevent these infections significantly by following these considerations. Most infections were found to be inappropriate in dialysis adequately. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patient's diabetes in the long run and the importance of this can control the complications of diabetes, including vasculopathy, followed by the need for amputation for fighting against diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 30 randomly selected hemodialysis patients who were referred to Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz from April 2016 to April 2017. The patients' records were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were collected in designed questionnaires for further analysis.
Results: 63.3% of patients were males and 36.7% were females. The average age of study population was 51.23±12.74. Duration of dialysis was 5.15±3.58 years. The average HBA1C was 9.08±1.48. Bacterial cause of feet ulcer was isolated only in 56.7% of cases. Isolated bacteria were anaerobic (47.05%), gram-positive (35.29%) and gram negative (17.64%). Amputation was performed in 26.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 13.3% of patients. Low personal hygiene, presence of vasculopathy, mortality and amputation was higher in anaerobic infections. Most infections were seen in patients with inadequate dialysis. Low dialysis adequacy, amputation, vasculopathy, increased duration of dialysis, poor hygiene was seen in patients with higher HbA1C.
Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of diabetic foot ulcers caused by anaerobic infections, because of the outcome of amputation and higher mortality rates in these patients, the prognosis is worse than other cases. Also, due to the direct relationship between personal hygiene and the development of anaerobic infections, it is possible to prevent these infections significantly by following these considerations. Most infections were found to be inappropriate in dialysis adequately. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patient's diabetes in the long run and the importance of this can control the complications of diabetes, including vasculopathy, followed by the need for amputation for fighting against diabetic foot ulcers.
Shadi Khazaei, Shahrbanoo Keyhanian , Mahila Monajati , Shahram Ala, Ebrahim Salehifar ,
Volume 75, Issue 9 (December 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 9 (December 2017)
Abstract
Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used in the hematology-oncology units and is frequently associated with adverse effects. High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is indicated in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), osteosarcoma, systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. The side effect profile of MTX varies markedly according to dose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the uses and adverse effects of HDMTX in a cancer center in north of Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in Emam Sajjad Hospital, Ramsar, Iran from June 2016 to July 2017. Doses more than 500 mg/m2 of MTX was considered as a high-dose. Hydration status, evaluation of the renal and hepatic function, blood tests, urine pH, doses and frequencies of leucovorin administration, measurement of serum levels of MTX and side effects were evaluated. Recommendations of UpToDate 2017 were considered as standards of administration of HDMTX.
Results: Forty-four courses of HDMTX were evaluated in this study. HDMTX were prescribed for lymphoma (30 cases), ALL (8 cases) and osteosarcoma (6 cases). In all patients, hydration was done with 1340.9±894 normal saline plus 25 ml sodium bicarbonate 8.4%, one to two hours before HDMTX. The solution used for dilution of MTX was 5% dextrose (1022.7±105.5 ml). Urine pH was not measured in any patient. The frequency of leucovorin administration was 5.64±3.03 times with doses of 17.6±1.7 mg/m2 every 6 hours. Serum levels of MTX were not measured in any patient. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine measurement was carried out before administration of HDMTX in all patients. The most common adverse effects were nausea (64.4%), anxiety (44%) and headache (43.2%).
Conclusion: The appropriate aspects of HDMTX usage were good hydration, urine alkalinization with bicarbonate and administration of leucovorin in patients receiving HDMTX, whereas monitoring of serum levels of MTX and administration of bicarbonate based on urinary pH were not done in any of the patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in Emam Sajjad Hospital, Ramsar, Iran from June 2016 to July 2017. Doses more than 500 mg/m2 of MTX was considered as a high-dose. Hydration status, evaluation of the renal and hepatic function, blood tests, urine pH, doses and frequencies of leucovorin administration, measurement of serum levels of MTX and side effects were evaluated. Recommendations of UpToDate 2017 were considered as standards of administration of HDMTX.
Results: Forty-four courses of HDMTX were evaluated in this study. HDMTX were prescribed for lymphoma (30 cases), ALL (8 cases) and osteosarcoma (6 cases). In all patients, hydration was done with 1340.9±894 normal saline plus 25 ml sodium bicarbonate 8.4%, one to two hours before HDMTX. The solution used for dilution of MTX was 5% dextrose (1022.7±105.5 ml). Urine pH was not measured in any patient. The frequency of leucovorin administration was 5.64±3.03 times with doses of 17.6±1.7 mg/m2 every 6 hours. Serum levels of MTX were not measured in any patient. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine measurement was carried out before administration of HDMTX in all patients. The most common adverse effects were nausea (64.4%), anxiety (44%) and headache (43.2%).
Conclusion: The appropriate aspects of HDMTX usage were good hydration, urine alkalinization with bicarbonate and administration of leucovorin in patients receiving HDMTX, whereas monitoring of serum levels of MTX and administration of bicarbonate based on urinary pH were not done in any of the patients.
Mansour Rezaei , Ehsan Zereshki , Hamid Sharini , Mohamad Gharib Salehi , Farhad Naleini ,
Volume 76, Issue 6 (September 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 6 (September 2018)
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common disorder of dementia, which has not been cured after its occurrence. AD progresses indiscernible, first destroy the structure of the brain and subsequently becomes clinically evident. Therefore, the timely and correct diagnosis of these structural changes in the brain is very important and it can prevent the disease or stop its progress. Nowadays, remark to this fact that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides very useful and detailed information, and due to non-invasiveness, this method has been great interest to the researchers. The aim of this study was diagnosis of AD with MRI by support vector machine model (SVM).
Methods: This is an analytical and modeling research which done in School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Iran, from February 2017 to November 2017. The data used in this study was a database named Miriad containing brain MRI of 69 individuals (46 Alzheimer's disease and 23 healthy subjects) that was collected at the central hospital in London. Individuals were categorized into two groups of healthy and Alzheimer's disease with two criteria: NINCDS-ADRAD and MMSE (as the golden standard). In this paper SVM model with three linear, binomial and Gaussian kernels was used to distinguish Alzheimer`s disease from healthy individuals.
Results: Finally, SVM model with Gaussian kernel, separated AD and healthy subjects with 88.34% accuracy. The most important Areas for Alzheimer were three Area: Right para hippocampal gyrus, Left para hippocampal gyrus and Right hippocampus. The clinical result of this study is to identify the most important ROI for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's by a clinical specialist. Experts should focus on atrophy in the three Areas.
Conclusion: This study showed that the SVM model with Gaussian RBF kernel can separated AD from healthy subjects by high accuracy. Based on results of this study, can make a software to use in MRI centers for screening AD test by people over the age of 50 years.
Methods: This is an analytical and modeling research which done in School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Iran, from February 2017 to November 2017. The data used in this study was a database named Miriad containing brain MRI of 69 individuals (46 Alzheimer's disease and 23 healthy subjects) that was collected at the central hospital in London. Individuals were categorized into two groups of healthy and Alzheimer's disease with two criteria: NINCDS-ADRAD and MMSE (as the golden standard). In this paper SVM model with three linear, binomial and Gaussian kernels was used to distinguish Alzheimer`s disease from healthy individuals.
Results: Finally, SVM model with Gaussian kernel, separated AD and healthy subjects with 88.34% accuracy. The most important Areas for Alzheimer were three Area: Right para hippocampal gyrus, Left para hippocampal gyrus and Right hippocampus. The clinical result of this study is to identify the most important ROI for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's by a clinical specialist. Experts should focus on atrophy in the three Areas.
Conclusion: This study showed that the SVM model with Gaussian RBF kernel can separated AD from healthy subjects by high accuracy. Based on results of this study, can make a software to use in MRI centers for screening AD test by people over the age of 50 years.
Kianoush Saberi , Shahnaz Sharifi, Mehrdad Salehi , Paniz Mihandoost,
Volume 76, Issue 11 (February 2019)
Volume 76, Issue 11 (February 2019)
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery bypass surgery is one of the surgeries in which high blood transfusions are needed. About 20% of all surgical operations require a blood transfusion. Packed cell administration increases perioperative morbidity and mortality. In the United States, from every 1000 people, one has undergone a coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and it is estimated that around 800,000 coronary artery bypass grafts undergo each year. Knowledge about relative blood administration during coronary artery bypass graft surgery improves the ability of blood transfusion centers in healthy and adequate blood donations. For this purpose, this study was conducted to determine the effective factors in the need for blood in a coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 317 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the heart surgery operating room of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from September 2017 to February 2018. Sampling method has been available. The data of this study were extracted from patient files. The products analyzed in the study included packed cell, fresh frozen plasma and platelets. Demographic data, type of surgery, transfusion of blood and products, and hemoglobin level have been reported. P-value less than 0.05 was reported as meaningful.
Results: In this study, 317 patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. 236 cases (74.4%) were male and the rest were women. The mean of administration of packed cell in women was 2.74±1.3 and in men it was 2.29±1.09 (P<0.001). The mean packed cell administration in patients with hemoglobin levels less than 10 g/dl was 3.27±1.8 and in patients with hemoglobin levels greater than 10 g/dl was 0.99±2.25 (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The present study showed that the mean transfusion of packed cells in women were more than men in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Also, hemoglobin levels were the only factor that had a significant effect on infusion of packed cells.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 317 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the heart surgery operating room of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from September 2017 to February 2018. Sampling method has been available. The data of this study were extracted from patient files. The products analyzed in the study included packed cell, fresh frozen plasma and platelets. Demographic data, type of surgery, transfusion of blood and products, and hemoglobin level have been reported. P-value less than 0.05 was reported as meaningful.
Results: In this study, 317 patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. 236 cases (74.4%) were male and the rest were women. The mean of administration of packed cell in women was 2.74±1.3 and in men it was 2.29±1.09 (P<0.001). The mean packed cell administration in patients with hemoglobin levels less than 10 g/dl was 3.27±1.8 and in patients with hemoglobin levels greater than 10 g/dl was 0.99±2.25 (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The present study showed that the mean transfusion of packed cells in women were more than men in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Also, hemoglobin levels were the only factor that had a significant effect on infusion of packed cells.
Adeleh Poursaleh, Mohammad Najafi , Farahnaz Sadegh Beigee ,
Volume 77, Issue 3 (June 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 3 (June 2019)
Abstract
Background: The immune-mediated responses in vascular cells may include the increased expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, leukocyte rolling and infiltration, cellular lipid dysregulation and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) differentiation. Investigating the cellular and molecular events involved in the rolling process is useful for treatment or prevention of the vessel stenosis especially in coronary arteries. MiRNAs are small and single-stranded noncoding RNAs with about 19-23 nucleotides. In this study, the role of microRNA-125 was predictably selected and experimentally investigated on the changes of expression level of adhesion molecule in endothelial cells isolated from human aorta and on the monocyte cells isolated from whole blood human with endothelial cells adhesion. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of miRNA-125 repression on cell adhesion in leukocyte rolling process to reduce or suppress artery stenosis in susceptible individuals.
Methods: This experimental study was performed in Cellular-Molecular Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from July to December 2017. Normal aortic samples were prepared from subjects with brain death in Masih Daneshvari Hospital and under strictly sterile conditions, it was transferred as soon as possible. The endothelial cells were isolated from aorta of subjects with brain death using collagenase. The monocytes were isolated from whole blood. The microRNA-125 was transfected into ECs with use of polyethyleneimine (PEI). The expression level of adhesion molecule and monocyte recruitment were identified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique and CytoSelect™ leukocyte-endothelium adhesion assay kit (Cell Biolabs, San Diego, CA, USA), respectively.
Results: The results showed the microRNA-125 suppresses significantly integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) expression level (P=0.008). In addition, the monocyte-EC adhesion was shown in the aortic miRNA-treated endothelial cells. The adhesive rate between cells reduced significantly with microRNA-125 as compared with miR-synthetic (P=0.02). Thereby, there were the associations between the ITGB2 and miR-125a. Downregulation of ITGB2 may be reduced the adhesion of endothelial cells and moderating the process rolling.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the suppression of leukocyte rolling process might be more due to the function of ITGB2. However, the functional effects of this miRNA should be directly investigated on the studied gene.
Methods: This experimental study was performed in Cellular-Molecular Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from July to December 2017. Normal aortic samples were prepared from subjects with brain death in Masih Daneshvari Hospital and under strictly sterile conditions, it was transferred as soon as possible. The endothelial cells were isolated from aorta of subjects with brain death using collagenase. The monocytes were isolated from whole blood. The microRNA-125 was transfected into ECs with use of polyethyleneimine (PEI). The expression level of adhesion molecule and monocyte recruitment were identified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique and CytoSelect™ leukocyte-endothelium adhesion assay kit (Cell Biolabs, San Diego, CA, USA), respectively.
Results: The results showed the microRNA-125 suppresses significantly integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) expression level (P=0.008). In addition, the monocyte-EC adhesion was shown in the aortic miRNA-treated endothelial cells. The adhesive rate between cells reduced significantly with microRNA-125 as compared with miR-synthetic (P=0.02). Thereby, there were the associations between the ITGB2 and miR-125a. Downregulation of ITGB2 may be reduced the adhesion of endothelial cells and moderating the process rolling.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the suppression of leukocyte rolling process might be more due to the function of ITGB2. However, the functional effects of this miRNA should be directly investigated on the studied gene.
Ali Salehi , Mohammad-Ali Abtahi , Seyed-Hossein Abtahi , Hasan Razmjou , Mohammad Tohidi , Mojtaba Akbari , Hamidreza Jahanbani-Ardakani ,
Volume 77, Issue 5 (August 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 5 (August 2019)
Abstract
Background: Retinal vein occlusions are one of the most common form of retinal vascular disorders and could lead to vision loss due to macular edema, macular ischemia and sequelae from neovascularization. Anti-venous endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment is the choice strategy of treatment for patients with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). There is an evidence of body with the controversies regarding increment of choroidal thickness in CRVO condition. The current study was designed to determine whether baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness may be an indicator for visual and anatomical outcome of bevacizumab in patients with CRVO macular edema.
Methods: This study was a prospective clinical cohort study that enrolled in 23 new cases of treatment-naïve central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) from February to July 2017 who were visited in Feiz Eye Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Patients received a single injection of bevacizumab and were followed for 30 days. Ratio of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Ratio of SFCT of the CRVO eye to the fellow healthy eye (SFCT1/F) was taken as independent variable. Changes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in LogMAR (ΔBCVA, functional response) and secondary to baseline central macular thickness ratio (CMT2/1, anatomical response) in the CRVO eyes were taken for comparative and correlative analytics.
Results: A total of 46 eyes from 23 patients with the mean age of 64.60±10.19 years were included in this study. Baseline SFCT was higher in CRVO eyes (251.91±46.09 µm) in comparison to the fellow eye (206.95±26.62, P<0.0001). Also central macular thickness in CRVO eyes were significantly higher in CRVO eyes in comparison with fellow eye (531.04±38.22 vs 303.30±33.59, respectively, P<0.05). SFCT1/F, correlated moderately with anatomical (CMT2/1) and strongly with functional response (ΔBCVA).
Conclusion: Bilateral evaluation of SFCT by EDI-OCT in all newly diagnosed CRVO cases is recommended to determine if there is a relative increase in choroidal thickness. This may help predict short-term response to anti-VEGF therapy.
Methods: This study was a prospective clinical cohort study that enrolled in 23 new cases of treatment-naïve central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) from February to July 2017 who were visited in Feiz Eye Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Patients received a single injection of bevacizumab and were followed for 30 days. Ratio of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Ratio of SFCT of the CRVO eye to the fellow healthy eye (SFCT1/F) was taken as independent variable. Changes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in LogMAR (ΔBCVA, functional response) and secondary to baseline central macular thickness ratio (CMT2/1, anatomical response) in the CRVO eyes were taken for comparative and correlative analytics.
Results: A total of 46 eyes from 23 patients with the mean age of 64.60±10.19 years were included in this study. Baseline SFCT was higher in CRVO eyes (251.91±46.09 µm) in comparison to the fellow eye (206.95±26.62, P<0.0001). Also central macular thickness in CRVO eyes were significantly higher in CRVO eyes in comparison with fellow eye (531.04±38.22 vs 303.30±33.59, respectively, P<0.05). SFCT1/F, correlated moderately with anatomical (CMT2/1) and strongly with functional response (ΔBCVA).
Conclusion: Bilateral evaluation of SFCT by EDI-OCT in all newly diagnosed CRVO cases is recommended to determine if there is a relative increase in choroidal thickness. This may help predict short-term response to anti-VEGF therapy.
Sadegh Norouzi , Fateme Esfandiarpour , Ali Shakouri Rad , Nasim Kiani Yousefzadeh , Zeinab Helalat , Reza Salehi , Mehrnoosh Amin , Farzam Farahmand ,
Volume 77, Issue 8 (November 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 8 (November 2019)
Abstract
Background: The amount of anterior tibial translation during rehabilitation exercises is a key factor in organizing exercise regimen after anterior cruciate ligament injury. Excessive anterior tibial translation could increase the magnitude of tension imposed on injured and reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament knees. Forward lunge and open-kinetic knee extension exercises are commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation. However, there is insufficient data about the amount of anterior tibial translation in the eccentric and concentric phases of these exercises. This study compared the amount of anterior tibial translation in the eccentric and concentric phase of the lunge and seated knee extension in anterior cruciate ligament deficient and intact knees.
Methods: Using a non-probability sampling method, 14 men with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament rupture were selected for participation in this cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from the university’s physiotherapy clinics. A uni-plane fluoroscope was used to image the knee joint while participants performed the forward lunge and open-kinetic knee extension exercises with the intact and injured legs in random order. Fluoroscopy imaging was performed in the radiology center at Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from September 2013 to February 2014. Two factorial mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the data.
Results: There were no significant differences in the anterior tibial translation between the limbs and contraction phases during the lunge exercise. During open-kinetic knee extension, the anterior tibial translation in anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees was significantly more than that of healthy knees at 0⁰ (P=0.007). The anterior tibial translation in the eccentric phase of open-kinetic knee extension at flexion angles of 0⁰ (P=0.049) and 15⁰ (P=0.024) was significantly greater than that in the concentric phase.
Conclusion: In the lunge exercise, the amount of anterior tibial translation was similar between the eccentric and concentric phases and the intact and anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees, however, during open-kinetic knee extension exercise, in the eccentric phase was greater than that in concentric, and in the intact knees was greater than that in the intact knees, at 0-15⁰ angles.
Methods: Using a non-probability sampling method, 14 men with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament rupture were selected for participation in this cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from the university’s physiotherapy clinics. A uni-plane fluoroscope was used to image the knee joint while participants performed the forward lunge and open-kinetic knee extension exercises with the intact and injured legs in random order. Fluoroscopy imaging was performed in the radiology center at Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from September 2013 to February 2014. Two factorial mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the data.
Results: There were no significant differences in the anterior tibial translation between the limbs and contraction phases during the lunge exercise. During open-kinetic knee extension, the anterior tibial translation in anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees was significantly more than that of healthy knees at 0⁰ (P=0.007). The anterior tibial translation in the eccentric phase of open-kinetic knee extension at flexion angles of 0⁰ (P=0.049) and 15⁰ (P=0.024) was significantly greater than that in the concentric phase.
Conclusion: In the lunge exercise, the amount of anterior tibial translation was similar between the eccentric and concentric phases and the intact and anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees, however, during open-kinetic knee extension exercise, in the eccentric phase was greater than that in concentric, and in the intact knees was greater than that in the intact knees, at 0-15⁰ angles.
Khalilullah Moonikh, Majid Kashef , Khalil Mahmoudi, Mojtaba Salehpour,
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Abstract
Background: Hypertension induces cardiac hypertrophy. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension induced cardiac hypertrophy. Exercise and Quercetin (as activators of Sirtuins) reduce oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with Quercetin supplement on oxidative stress and level of concentric pathologic hypertrophy in patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease after angioplasty.
Methods: The present study was conducted experimentally randomized, placebo-controlled and double‑blind on 24 men with hypertension and coronary heart disease after angioplasty aged 40-60 since years May to August 2019 at the Exercise Physiology department of Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of HIIT+quercetin (n=12) and HIIT+placebo (n=12) and were followed during 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (30 seconds of activity and 30 seconds of rest) and quercetin consumption (250 mgr of quercetin supplement or placebo pills daily). Echocardiography was used to investigate morphological factors such as posterior wall dimension (PWd) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd). Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by colorimetric method.
Methods: The present study was conducted experimentally randomized, placebo-controlled and double‑blind on 24 men with hypertension and coronary heart disease after angioplasty aged 40-60 since years May to August 2019 at the Exercise Physiology department of Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of HIIT+quercetin (n=12) and HIIT+placebo (n=12) and were followed during 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (30 seconds of activity and 30 seconds of rest) and quercetin consumption (250 mgr of quercetin supplement or placebo pills daily). Echocardiography was used to investigate morphological factors such as posterior wall dimension (PWd) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd). Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by colorimetric method.
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Results: The results showed that MDA and The relative wall thickness (RWT) decreased after 8 weeks in HIIT+ supplement and HIIT+placebo groups and TAC level and LVEDd increased significantly (P<0.05). PWd decreased significantly only in the exercise+supplement group (P<0.05). No significant difference between groups in any other variables was detected (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training alone or with quercetin by reducing oxidative stress(increasing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) reduces level of concentric pathologic hypertrophy in men with hypertension and coronary heart disease after angioplasty. So that high-intensity interval training with quercetin supplementation has relatively more effects. |
Neda Pak , Fateme Zamani, Sara Naybandi Atashi, Anese Saleh Nia,
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Abstract
Background: Central venous catheterization is a procedure that is being performed frequently especially in critical clinical settings. In such conditions, good knowledge of the surface anatomy of venous structures is vital to avoid possible complications which could result in life-threatening situations such as bleeding and pneumothorax. Considering the difference between venous anatomy of children and adults and even among different age groups of children, and the fact that our recent knowledge of anatomy is based on studies performed on non-Iranian population, we decided to evaluate the anatomy of the intrathoracic systemic venous system in adults and children and assess the rate of catheter malposition in children.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study performed in Dr. Shariati Hospital and Children Medical Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran, from April 2016 to August 2019. In our study, the surface location of brachiocephalic vein (BCV) formation, the junction of superior vena cava (SVC) to right atrium and, formation of SVC were examined in 150 contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) scans in children. They were classified into three groups based on their age (neonates to three years, three to seven years, and seven to ten years). Also, 100 similar CT scans in adults were being studied. The other category which has been evaluated through 130 pediatric X-rays, was the location of the tip of the central venous catheter.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study performed in Dr. Shariati Hospital and Children Medical Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran, from April 2016 to August 2019. In our study, the surface location of brachiocephalic vein (BCV) formation, the junction of superior vena cava (SVC) to right atrium and, formation of SVC were examined in 150 contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) scans in children. They were classified into three groups based on their age (neonates to three years, three to seven years, and seven to ten years). Also, 100 similar CT scans in adults were being studied. The other category which has been evaluated through 130 pediatric X-rays, was the location of the tip of the central venous catheter.
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Results: The formation of BCV was mostly depicted posterior to the sternoclavicular joint in adults while in children it’s located posterior to the medial aspect of the head of clavicle. In adults, the SVC formation was at first intercostal space (ICS) in 52% and second ICS in 29%. In first group of children, SVC was commonly at the level of 2nd costal cartilage (CC), but changed to the first ICS or first CC by increasing age. In adults, junction of right atrium to SVC was at the 3rd CC then 4th CC but in the first group of children was located at the 4th CC that changed to 3rd ICS /3rd CC by increasing age. Also, the tip of central venous catheters was located in the proper position in 74.7% of cases.
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Conclusion: This study indicated the different anatomy of central veins in children and adults which could be a cause for malposed central catheter, so knowing this difference and controlling the tip of the catheter by ultrasound during catheterization could help in avoiding this malpositioning.
Alireza Habibi, Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz , Ali Salehzadeh, Zeinab Moradi-Shoeili,
Volume 78, Issue 7 (October 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 7 (October 2020)
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is a disease with high mortality rate that conventional drug treatments have not been successful in controlling it. The activity of iron chelators in various studies has been considered by scientists as a new treatment strategy. The primary objective of this study was to synthesize a novel Fe3O4 thiosemicarbazone complex and investigate its anti-proliferative activity against A549 cells of lung cancer.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Islamic Azad University of Rasht Branch, from September of 2018 to September 2019. First thiosemicarbazone (PTSC) was synthesized by the method of the condensation reaction of amine and aldehyde groups. Also, the Fe3O4 nanoparticulates were synthesized using the co-precipitation method in the presence of glutamic acid. Then, Fe3O4@Glu complex functionalized with bio-reactive PTSC moiety. Besides, morphological characteristics of Fe3O4@Glu/PTSC complex were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The cell viability was detected in 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml for treated cells with Fe3O4@Glu/PTSC complex via MTT assay. Changes of NDRG1 gene expression the level in treated cells were investigated via qRT-PCR analysis. Therefore, total RNA was extracted after culturing the cells and cDNA of NDRG1 and GAPDH genes as the study and control gene was obtained, respectively. Ultimately, the level of NDRG1 gene expression was compared with level of GAPDH mRNA expression via the 2– ΔΔCt method.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Islamic Azad University of Rasht Branch, from September of 2018 to September 2019. First thiosemicarbazone (PTSC) was synthesized by the method of the condensation reaction of amine and aldehyde groups. Also, the Fe3O4 nanoparticulates were synthesized using the co-precipitation method in the presence of glutamic acid. Then, Fe3O4@Glu complex functionalized with bio-reactive PTSC moiety. Besides, morphological characteristics of Fe3O4@Glu/PTSC complex were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The cell viability was detected in 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml for treated cells with Fe3O4@Glu/PTSC complex via MTT assay. Changes of NDRG1 gene expression the level in treated cells were investigated via qRT-PCR analysis. Therefore, total RNA was extracted after culturing the cells and cDNA of NDRG1 and GAPDH genes as the study and control gene was obtained, respectively. Ultimately, the level of NDRG1 gene expression was compared with level of GAPDH mRNA expression via the 2– ΔΔCt method.
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Results: SEM images confirmed the sphericality of the Fe3O4 @ Glu / PTSC complex. The size of the nanoparticles was uniform and about 52-23 nm. The cell survival assay (MTT) results revealed the anti-proliferative properties of this complex in a dose-dependent manner (IC50=135.6 µM/ml). In treated cells, the gene expression of NDRG1 was 1.8-fold higher after 12 h. However, after 24 hours of incubation, this gene was showed a 0.67-fold decrease in expression compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that Fe3O4@Glu/PTSC nanoparticulates by a decrease of NDRG1 expression, exhibit effective anti-cancer activity against lung cancer cells. |
Mohammad Radgoodarzi, Sepideh Ammooeian, Hassan Esmaeili, Shima Salehi, Mohammad Nikoocar,
Volume 78, Issue 8 (November 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 8 (November 2020)
Abstract
Background: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder in which electrical cardiac ventricular repolarization is impaired. It results in an increased risk of an irregular heartbeat which can result in palpitations, fainting, drowning, or sudden death. Long QT Syndrome may present as tonic-clonic seizure or a seizure-like disorder. By taking a superficial electrocardiogram (ECG) and proper diagnosis, Sudden death, one of the most important complications of Long QT syndrome can be easily prevented.
Methods: This is a prospective case-control study that was conducted in the emergency department of Taleghani Children's Hospital of Gorgan University during 2017.
Methods: This is a prospective case-control study that was conducted in the emergency department of Taleghani Children's Hospital of Gorgan University during 2017.
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Four hundred and eighty subjects in three groups (two cases and one control groups), were included in this study. These comprised as patients with afebrile convulsion (n: 160), patients with seizures associated with fever (n: 160), and the control group (patients who have been hospitalized for any reason other than seizure (n: 160)). Those with severe cerebral palsy, acute meningitis, prolonged loss of consciousness, severe disturbances of electrolytes and those who were taking drugs that affect the QT interval were excluded. Once admitted with a primary diagnosis of seizure, a 12 leads superficial ECG was performed.
Results: In the group of patients with febrile convulsion, 123 children were Low probability Long QT syndrome, 33 cases were Intermediate and 4 were high probability Long QT syndrome. Probability of Long QT syndrome in children with afebrile seizures showed that 112 children were in Low probability Long QT syndrome, 42 children in Intermediate and 6 children in High probability Long QT syndrome group. Comparison of Probability of Long QT syndrome among the three evaluated groups showed that children with afebrile seizure (48 children) and subsequently children with febrile seizure (37 children) were more in Intermediate and High categories than others. Only 11 children in the control group were in the Intermediate and High groups. Chi-square test results showed a significant difference with P<0.001. Conclusion: The results of this study show that in patients who present with seizure as the initial symptom, it is always mandatory to account Long QT syndrome into differential diagnosis. Doing a simple electrocardiogram makes it easy to distinguish two issues and prevent sudden death. |
Rasool Molatefi, Adel Ahadi, Hossein Salehzadeh, Elham Safarzadeh, Hadi Abbasi,
Volume 78, Issue 8 (November 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 8 (November 2020)
Abstract
Background: Because of geographic variation and regional types of allergens, it is recommended that allergists identify common allergens in their area of activity. In the present study, the prevalence of respiratory allergens in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis was investigated.
Methods: This study is descriptive and retrospective. The required data of this study were extracted from the records of 661 patients who were referred to the Asthma and Allergy Clinic of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (Ardabil province, Northwest of Iran) from April 2016 to March 2017. After confirmation of allergic asthma or rhinitis by the asthma and allergy specialist, these patients were subjected to a prick test with allergen extracts. In the group of grasses the extract of nine grasses, in trees the extract of 11 Tree mix, in weeds the extract of Common weed mix, in animal allergens the three extracts of Standard cat, Dog epithelia, Cockroach mix, in weeds the Mite mix and in fungi, three extracts of Mold mix1, Alternaria and Aspergillus mix were used. All the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 25.
Methods: This study is descriptive and retrospective. The required data of this study were extracted from the records of 661 patients who were referred to the Asthma and Allergy Clinic of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (Ardabil province, Northwest of Iran) from April 2016 to March 2017. After confirmation of allergic asthma or rhinitis by the asthma and allergy specialist, these patients were subjected to a prick test with allergen extracts. In the group of grasses the extract of nine grasses, in trees the extract of 11 Tree mix, in weeds the extract of Common weed mix, in animal allergens the three extracts of Standard cat, Dog epithelia, Cockroach mix, in weeds the Mite mix and in fungi, three extracts of Mold mix1, Alternaria and Aspergillus mix were used. All the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 25.
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Results: According to results, of the 661 patients who were studied, 462 ones had positive and 273 had significant prick test results. The grasses group with 293 positive (44.3%) and weeds group with 259 positive results (39.2%) were more common than the other categories. Among the significant positive tests, these two categories with 161 and 142 significant positive tests were indicated as the most common allergens. Respiratory allergens were also more common in patients with a family history of allergies in weeds and trees categories, but there was no significant difference in sensitization pattern according to the history of tonsillectomy.
Conclusion: Patients in Ardabil with allergic rhinitis and asthma were more sensitized to weeds and grass mixtures. It is recommended to provide preventive recommendations to allergic patients and the development of localized skin testing packages and additional studies should be conducted focusing on these two categories of allergens. |
Gita Shoeibi , Milad Salehi , Reza Atef Yekta ,
Volume 79, Issue 7 (October 2021)
Volume 79, Issue 7 (October 2021)
Abstract
Background: Spinal anesthesia is a type of neuraxial anesthesia that brings ample benefits. However, due to the fear of this type of anesthesia, many pregnant people refuse to experience it. In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels and causes of fear of spinal anesthesia in candidates for cesarean section.
Methods: The current study is a cross-sctional study performed on 67 patients undergoing cesarean section who were referred to the operation room of Shariati Hospital, in Tehran from September 2018 to September 2019. Matthey questionnaire, which consisted of three sections (demographic information, history of spinal anesthesia and fear of anesthesia), was filled out by candidates and after collecting information, the data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Methods: The current study is a cross-sctional study performed on 67 patients undergoing cesarean section who were referred to the operation room of Shariati Hospital, in Tehran from September 2018 to September 2019. Matthey questionnaire, which consisted of three sections (demographic information, history of spinal anesthesia and fear of anesthesia), was filled out by candidates and after collecting information, the data were analyzed by SPSS software.
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Results: Pain over the surgery showed a significant relationship with the history of spinal anesthesia in 4 pregnant women (12.9%) and in 25 women (65.8%) without a history of anesthesia (P<0.0001). In addition, the fear of being awake and looking at the cesarean section during surgery was significant in 7 patients (22.6%) with a history of spinal anesthesia and 18 patients (47.4%) without a history of disease (P<0.0001). Fear of anesthesia needle was also significantly observed in 7 patients (23.3%) with a history of spinal anesthesia and 23 patients (60.5%) with no history of spinal anesthesia (P<0.0001). Fear of back injury was seen in 9 candidates (29%) of patients with a history of spinal anesthesia and in 23 patients (60.5%) of patients without a history of anesthesia (P<0.033). The results of our study also showed a significant relationship between the history of general anesthesia and fear of nausea and vomiting (P<0.046) as well as fear of anesthesia needles (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with a history of spinal anesthesia were significantly less afraid of feeling pain during surgery, seeing surgery, spinal anesthesia needles, and spinal impairments. Moreover, patients with a history of general anesthesia were significantly more afraid of spinal anesthesia, nausea and vomiting than others. |
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