Showing 46 results for Moghadam
Mohsen Ebrahimi, Zahra Valipour Moghadam , Seyed Ali Aghapour, Azam Rashidbaghan,
Volume 81, Issue 7 (October 2023)
Abstract
Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Various tests and questionnaires are designed to monitor the severity of asthma and help the therapist and the health system prescribe the best treatment to control it. This study was designed to compare two methods Asthma Control Questionnaires (ACQ) and Asthma Control test-child (ACT-CHILD) in children with asthma.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 children with asthma referred to the Taleghani hospital, Gorgan, in 2022-2023. Patients were in a range of age 4-16 years. Asthma control was evaluated and compared by two methods ACT-CHILD and ACQ. ACT-CHILD included one version for 4-11-year patients completed by their parents and another one for 12-16 –year patients completed by the patients. The clinical symptoms, age, gender and the parents' records related to asthma were completed during the clinical interview. Data was analyzed using Chi-square and Spearman correlation tests. The degree of agreement between two questionnaires was determined using the Kappa coefficient.
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Results: 84 children aged 4-11 years (91.3%) and 8 children aged 12-16 years (8.7%) were included in the study. According to the ACT-CHILD, 40.2% of children (n=37) had controlled asthma, 44.6% (n=41) had partially controlled asthma, and 15.2% (n=14) had uncontrolled asthma. Based on the ACQ, controlled asthma was observed in 18.5% (n=17), partially controlled asthma in 35.8% (n=33), and uncontrolled asthma in 45.7% (n=42) of children. Asthma control results based on two questionnaires were significantly different from each other (P<0.001). The agreement between the ACT-CHILD and ACQ methods in evaluating children's asthma was at a weak level (P=0.014, κ=0.157), however, a significant negative correlation was observed between the scores of the ACT-CHILD and ACQ questionnaires (r=-0.588, P>0.001) which after categorizing based on age group, this correlation was confirmed only in children aged 4-11 years (r=-0.627, P>0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings showed that there is a poor agreement between ACT-CHILD and ACQ results in the assessment of asthma control. Further studies are recommended.
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Alireza Dehghan, Mahbube Abshirini, Hamid Nemati, Mahdi Saeedi-Moghadam ,
Volume 81, Issue 11 (February 2024)
Abstract
Background: Developmental disorders in children include a group of problems and limitations in learning and acquiring specific skills of each age group. The term global developmental delay is used to describe developmental disability in children under five years of age, which is in at least two areas of major development. Neuroradiological imaging such as brain MRI provides important information for physicians. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of brain MRI in predicting the clinical outcome of global developmental delay in children.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from 79 - from September 2013 to September 2018 at Motahari Clinic of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran - eligible children with developmental disabilities, 37 patient who had brain MRI were selected as a sample and children scores in five ASQ clinical areas and MRI findings were reviewed and compared. Patients suffering from metabolic, genetic, trauma, infection and neoplasms problems and diseases were excluded from the study.
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Results: Out of 37 patients studied, 23 were female and 14 were male with a dispersion of three 3 to 60 months of age. 31 of these children had at least one abnormal finding in brain MRI images and the other six were completely normal. In relation to the imaging findings, the highest frequency is related to abnormal head circumference with a prevalence of 54% and the lowest frequency is related to abnormal myelinization with a prevalence of 10.8%. Results of MRI findings correlation with developmental domains demonstrated that Children with white matter disorder on MRI show severe gross motor abnormality (P<0.049) and who had MRI finding of cortical problems suffer from developmental delay in fine motor area. (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the mentioned findings; brain MRI can be a useful diagnostic tool in children with developmental delay and also focusing on the developmental area that is more likely to be affected, MRI can help with treatment and rehabilitation process of these children in the future.
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Samira Shahraki , Mahmoud Tavakkoli, Abolfazl Khajavirad, Maryam Moghadam Matin , Mohammad Aslzare ,
Volume 82, Issue 1 (April 2024)
Abstract
Background: A range of diseases can result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Currently, renal transplantation as the most effective treatment for managing ESRD. Tissue engineering presents a considerable opportunity to expand the available supply of donor organs for kidney transplants. The aim of this research was to develop a suitable technique for preparing decellularized kidney scaffolds from human tissues.
Methods: The present study was carried out from April 2019 to August 2019 in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. In this study, two decellularization protocols were compared using sections of human kidney tissue. Therefore, two human kidneys which collected from Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals were used. In the first protocol, detergents such as 1% Triton X-100 (1A) and 1% SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) (1B) were employed, followed by the application of DNase I. The second protocol utilized 0.5% SDS (2A) and 1% SDS (2B). The effectiveness of these techniques was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), DNA quantification, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
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Results: Based on H&E staining results, comparison of the decellularized and native human kidney tissues showed a successful elimination of cell nuclei and the ameliorate extracellular matrix preservation in triton-treated scaffolds (1A) in comparison with the SDS-treated scaffolds (1B) at all times protocols. Furthermore, DNA quantification illustrated triton X-100 in removing DNA was more effective in eliminating DNA from kidney tissues compared to other protocols in renal tissues. In addition, IHC staining demonstrated that the expression of collagen IV and laminin was preserved throughout the decellularization process with Triton X-100 on day fifth. Also, IHC staining indicated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) was completely eliminated in the cortex-medulla of human scaffolds treated with Triton X-100 within day fifth.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that triton X-100 outperformed SDS as a detergent for decellularizing human kidneys. Meanwhile these results indicate suitable method for decellularization of human kidneys to produce functional kidneys.
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Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam , , Mohsen Ayati, Erfan Amini , Faeze Salahshour, Mohsen Shiraghaei ,
Volume 82, Issue 5 (August 2024)
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass, which is known as a poor postoperative outcome in various cancer types. Radical cystectomy (RC) is often associated with high mortality rates, and sarcopenia is hypothesized to aid in risk stratification. Hence, this study assessed the role of Sarcopenia as an indicator of postoperative outcomes and survival rates in patients undergoing RC for bladder cancer.
Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out between January 2022 and January 2023 on 30 patients with bladder cancer who were candidates for RC and referred to the urology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. One week before surgery, the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle was measured using MRI to estimate muscle volume, and the sarcopenia index was calculated. Muscle area evaluation was performed by calculating the cross-sectional area of the left and right psoas muscles on MRI. The psoas muscle area was calculated by excluding blood vessels, bony structures, and intermuscular fat regions based on fat signals. The calculated psoas muscle area was then normalized to the patient's height in square meters. To improve the quality of reporting on surgical complications, the patients were re-examined and the duration of patients' hospital stays was measured.
Results: The mean sarcopenic index for the patients was 1264.6 ± 591.5 mm²/m². Seven patients (24.1%) were smokers, while 22 patients (75.9%) were non-smokers. During the 10-month follow-up period, 25 patients (83.3%) remained alive, and 5 patients (16.7%) passed away. The mean value of sarcopenic index in patients with localized cancer was higher than those with advanced cancer, but this difference was not statistically significant. Data analysis revealed a significant association between higher mortality rates and the presence of locally advanced bladder tumors (P = 0.046). Additionally, a reduced sarcopenic index in this study was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion. In this study, no correlation was found between perioperative complications and sarcopenic index.
Conclusion: To conclude, a significant association was observed between a reduction in the sarcopenic index and lymphovascular invasion; however, no connection was identified between mortality rates and postoperative complications following RC.
Khadijeh Rezaei Kahkhaei , Soha Shokri, Tayebeh Azarmehr, Mehdi Afshari , Maryam Nakhaee Moghadam , Kolsoum Rezaie Kahkhaie , Leili Rezaei Kahkhaei ,
Volume 82, Issue 7 (October 2024)
Abstract
Background: Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of pregnancy, which may be spontaneous or induced. In general, therapeutic abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of pregnancy in order to save the mother's life and prevent birth defects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of legal abortion in women referring to Amir al-Mominin Ali hospital in Zabol city.
Methods: This study is a descriptive-cross-sectional study. The studied population included women who had a legal abortion on March 1, 2022 to September 1, 2022 at Amir al-Mominin Ali Zabol Hospital (Zabol-Iran). The tool used was a checklist made by the researcher and approved by the faculty members of Zabol University of Medical Sciences. The researchers collected the necessary information, including demographic information, obstetrics and mother's illness, fetal disorders, test results, ultrasound screenings, pathology results of patients and other conditions that led to the issuance of an abortion license.
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Results: In the specified period of time, there were 100 abortion cases that were investigated, and 78 (78%) of these abortions had maternal causes and 22% had fetal causes. The most common maternal causes of abortion were cardiovascular problems (7%) and mothers' age. Also, the most fetal causes were cerebrospinal causes (23%). Mothers who had abortions of maternal origin were significantly older than mothers with abortions of fetal origin (p=0.009).
Conclusion: The present study showed that in Sistan region, most cases of legal abortion depended on fetal reasons and mothers' age.
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Babak Hooshmand-Moghadam , Abbas Ali Gaeini,
Volume 82, Issue 12 (March 2025)
Abstract
Background: As survival rates among breast cancer patients improve, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as a leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal survivors. This epidemiological transition from oncologic risk to cardiometabolic vulnerability reveals a critical yet underexplored dimension of survivorship care. Structured exercise training represents a promising intervention, and this narrative review-grounded in a systematic literature search investigates the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training modalities on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. The review synthesizes evidence across physiological mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and implementation challenges to provide a comprehensive perspective on exercise oncology in this underserved population.
Methods: A systematic search of reputable international databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar as well as Persian databases SID and Magiran was conducted to identify relevant human studies, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials published between January 2000 and April 2025. Screening, selection, and synthesis of the studies were performed in Iran between October 2024 and January 2025.
Results: Accumulating evidence supports that structured exercise especially combined aerobic and resistance training exerts substantial cardioprotective effects through multiple mechanisms, including reductions in systemic inflammation, improvements in body composition, regulation of blood pressure, enhancement of cardiorespiratory fitness, and improved left ventricular function. Combined interventions consistently outperformed single-modality programs, underscoring the importance of integrative approaches in oncologic rehabilitation. Despite this promise, persistent barriers such as limited access to trained personnel, lack of individualized protocols, and weak institutional support impede translation into routine practice. Notably, few existing reviews have bridged mechanistic, clinical, and operational domains in this population, highlighting a significant gap in the literature.
Conclusion: Exercise training is not merely an adjunct to care it is a clinically potent, physiologically grounded, and policy-relevant strategy for mitigating cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Given the increasing burden of CVD in this group, integrating personalized, evidence-based exercise into oncologic care pathways is both urgent and essential for advancing survivorship standards and informing future clinical guidelines.
