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Barkhordari Asgar, Hassanzadeh Taghi, Saidijam Masoud, Esmaeili Rasoul, Paoli Max,
Volume 69, Issue 12 (5 2012)
Volume 69, Issue 12 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Hypercholesterolemia is considered a major risk factor for pancreatitis, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphisms are known to be associated with changes in lipid levels. We investigated the association between a polymorphism in the CETP gene (D442G) with plasma lipid levels and CETP activity in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Methods: This case/control study that be done in Hamadan university of medical sciences (from October 2008 to September 2009), included 102 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 200 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to determine genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of polymorphisms. The plasma CETP activity was measured by a kit in a fluorescence spectrometer. Lipid concentrations were measured by routine biochemical and enzymatic assays.
Results: Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity was significantly higher in the cases than the controls (P<0.05). The genotypic and allelic frequencies for this polymorphism were not statistically different between the patients with hypercholesterolemia and the controls (in controls: DD 96%, DG 4%, GG 0% and in cases: DD 86%, DG 10%, GG 4%), (P>0.05). Plasma HDL-C, LDL-C and TC were higher in both groups with GG and DG genotypes than with DD genotype, whereas serum CETP activity was lower in GG genotype compared with other genotypes (GD or DD), (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that D442G polymorphism of CETP gene was associated with changes in lipid profile and plasma CETP activity in the selected population and it might have a role in contributing to a genetic risk for developing coronary artery disease.
Hussain Khan Z, Eskandari Sh, Rahimi M, Makarem J, Meysamie A, Khorasani Am, Zebardast J,
Volume 70, Issue 6 (5 2012)
Volume 70, Issue 6 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Inadequate ventilation, esophageal intubation and difficult intubation are the most common adverse respiratory outcomes in patient undergoing anesthesia .The aim of this study was to compare Mallampati test in supine and sitting positions in traditional approach and during phonation for predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation.
Methods: In this study performed in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran, Mallampati test was performed on 661 patients who met the inclusion criteria for the study. The test was done in supine and sitting positions with and without phonation by a rater who was blind to Mallampati test. Subsequently, laryngoscopy view and difficult intubation were evaluated in the four aforesaid positions by Mallampati test for predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation. For each situations, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were calculated.
Results: Overall, 28 (4.2%) patients had difficult laryngoscopy and 9 (1.4%) patients had difficult intubation. The highest sensitivity for Mallampati test in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation was in supine and sitting positions without phonation, and the highest specificity was seen in sitting position with phonation. Negative predictive values were more than 95% in all different positions for Mallampati tests and the highest positive predictive value was seen in supine position with phonation.
Conclusion: According to our findings, the highest correlation between Mallampati test and different positions in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation was seen in supine position with phonation. Phonation improved Mallampati score in supine rather than sitting position.
Mina Mirnezami , Behfar Pakbaz , Zeinab Saidinejad ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC) is a rare inherited disease with an incidence of approximately one case per million population. The disease is characterized by a classic triad: nail changes, color reticulated skin and oral leukoplakia. In these patients, premature death is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, pulmonary complications, or malignancy. Three patterns of inheritance for dyskeratosis congenita have been reports, X-linked recessive trait, autosomal dominant and recessive trait. The present study is a case report of an adoloscent patient with dyskeratosis congenita. Case presentation: The patient is a 16 year old boy living in Arak without history of any illness was referred with fever, chills, malaise and admitted to Vali-e-Asr Hospital with initial diagnosis of sepsis. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. In tests, showed pancytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy was performed. Blood and urine culture were negative, rheumatologic lab test and other tests were normal. Ultrsonography of abdomen and pelvis showed splenomegaly. In physical examination, diffuse hypopigmented lesions on the trunk and extermities, nails dystrophy and oral mucosal leukoplakia were observed. Skin biopsy was consistent with DC. Conclusion: The skin and oral mucosal lesions have an impact role in the diagnosis of systemic disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with DC are important in improving clinical outcomes.
Bahareh Habibi , Behjat Seifi , Hamidreza Sadeghipour Roud-Sari, Ali Akbar Amir Zargar , Seyed Mohammad Hossain Noori Mugahi ,
Volume 71, Issue 12 (March 2014)
Volume 71, Issue 12 (March 2014)
Abstract
Background: Varicocele is a dilated vein of the pampiniform plexus that cause to det-rimental time-dependent effects so this study describes the effect of varicocele on the level of IL-6 and interferon gamma in serum and testis tissue, number of sertoli and spermatogonia cells, seminiferous tubules diameter and sperm activity in immature rats. Methods: Thirty six immature rats, 5-6 weeks aged were investigated in this study. The sham groups underwent sham operation and varicocele groups underwent partial liga-tion of the renal vein. Serum, testis and sperm samples were collected at 9, 11, and 13 weeks after induction of varicocele or sham operation to evaluate histological parame-ters (seminiferous tubules diameter, number of sertoli and spermatogonia cells), per-centage of sperm motility and viability and levels of cytokines. Testicular morphology was evaluated. Results: Varicocele significantly caused an increase in serum and testis IL-6 and inter-feron gamma, compared to related sham groups and previous varicocele groups (P<0.05). Varicocele significantly caused decreases in sertoli cells and spermatogonia cells number with increasing varicocele time, compared to related sham groups and previous varicocele groups (P<0.05). In the evaluation of seminiferous tubules diameter external, internal and epithelium diameter were decreased compared to sham related groups and previous varicocele groups. In all varicocele groups, all kind of sperm motility and viability decreased compared to the related sham-operated groups (P<0.05). Varicocele had deteriorating effects on testis tissue because our observations in varicocele groups demonstrated that the external, internal and germinal epithelium height was reduced by the time and in the evaluation of testicular cells, sertoli and spermatogonia cells number were decreased by the time compared to sham related groups and previous varicocele groups. Conclusion: This study suggests varicocele had a detrimental time-dependent effect on cytokines levels and decrease in sertoli and spermatogonia cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter and sperm indices.
Zahid Hussain Khan , Mojgan Rahimi , Pooya Kalani , Batool Ghorbani ,
Volume 72, Issue 4 (July 2014)
Volume 72, Issue 4 (July 2014)
Abstract
Background: Hormonal, physical, and psychological fluctuations occur during the menstrual cycle. Previous studies have shown that hormonal changes during the normal menstrual cycle affect anesthesia and analgesia. The limitation of previous studies are that they did not measure luteal hormone (LH), Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, progesterone and cortisol levels. Our goal was to find more suitable conditions in menstrual periods for intubation of patient. Methods: American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I patients, 16 to 40 years, undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery were enrolled in this study and conducted at Imam Khomeini Medical Center in 2013. The patients were assigned into two groups according to the phase of their menstrual cycle. Levels of sex hormones and hemodynamic variables were recorded for all the patients and statistical analysis performed. Results: In 77 patients, 38 women were in the luteal phase (49.4%) and 39 women were in the follicular phase (50.6%). All tracheal intubations were successful on the first attempt with a mean duration of 2558±5.07 and 25.84±5.32 seconds in groups F and L, respectively (P=0.489). None of the patients were excluded for long tracheal intubation time. Systolic blood pressure after intubation in the follicular phase (138.4±20 mm Hg) was significantly higher vs. the luteal phase (127.7±18 mm Hg) (P<0.01), as well as the women’s heart rate after intubation in the luteal phase (90.7±12 beats per minute), was significantly higher than in the follicular phase (85.3±11 beats per minute) (P=0.05). Heart rate was higher in the luteal group than the follicular group thus the women’s heart rate after intubation in the luteal phase (90.7±12 bpm) was significantly greater than the follicular phase (85.3±11 bpm) (P=0.05). Conclusion: Reviewing and comparing the results show that elective surgeries are bet-ter to be done in the luteal phase because of stable hemodynamic conditions.
Hossain Soleymani Salehabadi , Saeid Salehinejad Kouvei , Mohammad Bagher Owlia , Ali Dehghan , Masoud Mohammadi ,
Volume 74, Issue 7 (October 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 7 (October 2016)
Abstract
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects axial skeleton of the body and ankylosing spondylitis ligaments around the spine at the junction of the spine are inflamed, because the disease is progressive and can lead to significantly cause of disability and the studies could provide a mechanism for the early detection of the disease or help determine when to start treatment, the difference in clinical presentations of AS in men and women is indicative of potential effect of gender on severity of the disease. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of gender on severity of AS.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, one hundred and fifteen patients with ankylosing spondylitis who referred to Yazd Rheumatology Clinic between 2001 and 2013 were evaluated. Sampling was performed using non-random convenient method. The most important variables studied included demographic data, clinical presentation, radiographic stage of sacroiliac involvement, and laboratory data extracted from patients’ files and recorded in questionnaires.
Results: Both groups according to age at diagnosis, presence of enteritis, peripheral joint involvement and laboratory data such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hemoglobin were matched. Inflammatory neck pain was more prevalent in men than in women (77.2% against 51.8%; P< 0.05). Sacroiliac radiographic study revealed stage 1 involvement in 11.3% of men and 37% of women (P= 0.009), and stage 4 in 27.2% of men and 3.7% of women (P< 0.001), with a significant difference.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the time between age of onset and age at diagnosis, inflammatory pain in the neck and advanced stage in men than in women was higher. Although these findings suggest that gender may have an impact on the pattern and severity of AS but the time delay in diagnosis as a disease affecting the intensity and pattern should not be overlooked.
Saied Kamal Sadat-Hoseini , Valiollah Dabidi Roshan ,
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Abstract
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Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent that causes hepatotoxicity via depletion of anti-oxidants and activation of apoptosis. Present study was aimed to investigate the interactive effects of two forced treadmill running and voluntary wheel running exercise training method and Nanocurcumin supplement on hepatic damage, in aging model subjects. Methods: This experimental research was performed in animals and exercise physiology laboratory of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Iran, in April, 2014. The statistical population was eighty Wistar male rats that, received a daily injection of D-galactose solution for nine weeks (100 mg/kg body weight per day, i.p.) and then, they randomly assigned to 10 groups. The forced treadmill running protocol was progressively between 25 to 54 min/day at the intensity of 15 to 20 m/min for 5 days per week for six weeks and voluntary wheel running exercise was six weeks. DOX was administrated for 15 days (1 mg/mL/kg body weight per day, i.p.). Nanocurcumin supplement was administrated for 14 days (100 mg/kg body weight per day. orally). Superoxide dismutase and apoptosis inducing factor levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Implementation of two forced treadmill running and voluntary wheel running exercise with Nanocurcumin supplement, respectively led to insignificant decrease and increase in superoxide dismutase levels in comparison with the implementation of this exercise methods alone (P= 0.955 and P= 1.000, respectively). Apoptosis Inducing Factor levels following these two training method with Nanocurcumin supplement, has insignificant decrease in comparison with the implementation of this exercise methods alone (P= 1.000 and P= 1.000, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, however implementation of these training methods with Nanocurcumin supplement, partly mitigates the side effects of doxorubicin, but this level of intervention is not sufficient to protect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in aging model rats. |
Toba Kazemi , Tayyebeh Chahkandi , Saideh Zanjani , Davood Jafari , Seyed Ali Moezi ,
Volume 75, Issue 10 (January 2018)
Volume 75, Issue 10 (January 2018)
Abstract
Background: The most common cause of death in thalassemic patients is cardiac involvement especially cardiomyopathy. If the early stages of heart disease in people with thalassemia are diagnosed, mortality of patients reduced significantly. In this case-control study we compare the clinical symptoms, signs and para-clinic finding in thalassemia patients with control group.
Methods: In this case-control study, thalassemia patients who had visited in special clinic of Vali-e-Asr hospital of Birjand University Medical Sciences during January of 2013 to May of 2014 compared with normal subjects. They matched by age and sex. After explaining the aims of the project, the written consent was received from both groups. Clinical examinations including history taking and auscultation of heart and lungs were performed by Pediatrician. Moreover, using the standard methods, the measurement of height, weight and blood pressure were performed. In following, electrocardiography (ECG) was taken in both groups. Also, both groups underwent transthoracic echocardiography by one cardiologist.
Results: 42 thalassemia patients and 42 healthy subjects was compared in this study. Dyspnea was the only different symptom in the two groups. (23.8% in case and 4.8% in control P=0.01) In physical examination respiratory rate (RR) is only higher in patients with thalassemia that controls, but heart rate (HR), abnormal heart and lung sounds were not different significantly between two groups. In ECG, PR interval and QTc interval in patients with thalassemia was longer than healthy subject. In echocardiography, ejection fraction was lower but left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and size of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was significantly higher than those in the control group.
Conclusion: According the result of this study, dyspnea was higher in patients with thalassemia from normal subjects and PR interval and QT interval was longer in thalassemic patients. As well as the size of the left ventricle, size of right ventricle, pulmonary artery pressure were higher than normal population. Also, LV ejection fraction was lower in thalassemia than normal population.
Methods: In this case-control study, thalassemia patients who had visited in special clinic of Vali-e-Asr hospital of Birjand University Medical Sciences during January of 2013 to May of 2014 compared with normal subjects. They matched by age and sex. After explaining the aims of the project, the written consent was received from both groups. Clinical examinations including history taking and auscultation of heart and lungs were performed by Pediatrician. Moreover, using the standard methods, the measurement of height, weight and blood pressure were performed. In following, electrocardiography (ECG) was taken in both groups. Also, both groups underwent transthoracic echocardiography by one cardiologist.
Results: 42 thalassemia patients and 42 healthy subjects was compared in this study. Dyspnea was the only different symptom in the two groups. (23.8% in case and 4.8% in control P=0.01) In physical examination respiratory rate (RR) is only higher in patients with thalassemia that controls, but heart rate (HR), abnormal heart and lung sounds were not different significantly between two groups. In ECG, PR interval and QTc interval in patients with thalassemia was longer than healthy subject. In echocardiography, ejection fraction was lower but left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and size of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was significantly higher than those in the control group.
Conclusion: According the result of this study, dyspnea was higher in patients with thalassemia from normal subjects and PR interval and QT interval was longer in thalassemic patients. As well as the size of the left ventricle, size of right ventricle, pulmonary artery pressure were higher than normal population. Also, LV ejection fraction was lower in thalassemia than normal population.
Masoud Mohammadi, Ali Akbar Vaisi Raiegan, Masoud Mirzaei, Hossain Zahednezhad, Rostam Jalali, Parvin Abbasi,
Volume 76, Issue 4 (July 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 4 (July 2018)
Abstract
Background: Children's health, preserving and promoting it is a health priority of any society. Malnutrition affects all age groups, but malnutrition in children is one of the most common nutritional problems that can delay body growth, shortened height, frequent infections, mental retardation, the prevalence of mental disorders, lack of academic achievement and reduced efficacy. Because of the importance and impact of this issue in children, the purpose of this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of underweight in Iranian children, in order to highlight the importance of this issue to health policy-makers.
Methods: A meta-analysis was performed for relevant articles in scientific databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar. Entrance criteria included cross-sectional studies (March 1996 to February 2017) that had a low incidence of underweight in Iranian children in different parts of Iran. Non-relevant articles included review articles, interventions, cohorts and case studies, and studies that looked at obesity, overweight and the relationship between these factors and other diseases, excluded from the study list. Reference lists of identified articles were reviewed for additional articles. Heterogeneity of study was checked using I2 index and the possibility of publication bias by funnel plot and Begg and Mazumdar's rank correlation test and a significance level of 0.1. Data were analyzed using the comprehensive meta-analysis software, version 3 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA).
Results: In 26 articles reviewed in the study, total number of participants was 142938 persons at the age of 1 month to 12 years. The overall prevalence of underweight in Iranian children was 15.5% (Cl 95%: 12%-19.7%) during 1996 to 2017. The highest prevalence of underweight in was recorded in Birjand city in 2006 and Zahedan city in 2009, 68.6% (Cl 95%: 63.3%-72.9%) and the lowest prevalence of underweight in was found in city of Jahrom in 2013, 1.8% (Cl 95%: 1.2%-2.9%).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of low-birth-weight in the country is high and requires interventional measures.
Methods: A meta-analysis was performed for relevant articles in scientific databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar. Entrance criteria included cross-sectional studies (March 1996 to February 2017) that had a low incidence of underweight in Iranian children in different parts of Iran. Non-relevant articles included review articles, interventions, cohorts and case studies, and studies that looked at obesity, overweight and the relationship between these factors and other diseases, excluded from the study list. Reference lists of identified articles were reviewed for additional articles. Heterogeneity of study was checked using I2 index and the possibility of publication bias by funnel plot and Begg and Mazumdar's rank correlation test and a significance level of 0.1. Data were analyzed using the comprehensive meta-analysis software, version 3 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA).
Results: In 26 articles reviewed in the study, total number of participants was 142938 persons at the age of 1 month to 12 years. The overall prevalence of underweight in Iranian children was 15.5% (Cl 95%: 12%-19.7%) during 1996 to 2017. The highest prevalence of underweight in was recorded in Birjand city in 2006 and Zahedan city in 2009, 68.6% (Cl 95%: 63.3%-72.9%) and the lowest prevalence of underweight in was found in city of Jahrom in 2013, 1.8% (Cl 95%: 1.2%-2.9%).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of low-birth-weight in the country is high and requires interventional measures.
Ziba Aghsaiefard , Ziba Hossenifard , Reza Alizadeh , Tayeb Ramim ,
Volume 76, Issue 4 (July 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 4 (July 2018)
Abstract
Background: The role of high levels of parathyroid hormone in the development of anemia either directly or by mediating mechanisms is unclear, and there is a controversy about the pathophysiological role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the development and intensification of anemia associated with renal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia and parathyroid hormone and dialysis adequacy in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in patients undergoing dialysis in Soodeh Hemodialysis Center, Vavan city, Tehran province, Iran, in two years (September 2013 to September 2015). Patients with age>18 years who underwent dialysis for at least three months were enrolled. Anemia was calculated based on the absolute amount of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the percentage of patients who achieved the hemoglobin treatment goal of more than 11 g/dL. Parathyroid hormone levels were measured intact PTH and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method.
Results: 176 patients who had entry criteria participated in this study. Patients included 102 males (58%) and 74 women (42%). The mean age of the patients was 54.14±13.98 years (18-85 years). The mean weight of patients was 68.07±14.17 kg (36-120 kg). 23 (13.1%) of the patients had a previous history of kidney transplantation. Of the 176 patients, only one had a history of parathyroidectomy (0.6%). The mean dialysis time in the patients was 6.38±5.29 years (1-28 years). The type of dialysis access in 132 patients (75%) was AV fistula and in 44 patients (25%) was Shaldon catheter. The mean erythropoietin intake of patients was 10,000 units per week. The mean of hemoglobin, hematocrit and PTH were 10.73 g/dl 33.6% and 403 pg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that there was no significant correlation between hemoglobin and hematocrit levels with parathyroid hormone levels and dialysis adequacy. Increased levels of serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and resistance to erythropoietin were associated with a decrease in hematocrit levels due to decreased hemoglobin levels and resistance to erythropoietin.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in patients undergoing dialysis in Soodeh Hemodialysis Center, Vavan city, Tehran province, Iran, in two years (September 2013 to September 2015). Patients with age>18 years who underwent dialysis for at least three months were enrolled. Anemia was calculated based on the absolute amount of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the percentage of patients who achieved the hemoglobin treatment goal of more than 11 g/dL. Parathyroid hormone levels were measured intact PTH and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method.
Results: 176 patients who had entry criteria participated in this study. Patients included 102 males (58%) and 74 women (42%). The mean age of the patients was 54.14±13.98 years (18-85 years). The mean weight of patients was 68.07±14.17 kg (36-120 kg). 23 (13.1%) of the patients had a previous history of kidney transplantation. Of the 176 patients, only one had a history of parathyroidectomy (0.6%). The mean dialysis time in the patients was 6.38±5.29 years (1-28 years). The type of dialysis access in 132 patients (75%) was AV fistula and in 44 patients (25%) was Shaldon catheter. The mean erythropoietin intake of patients was 10,000 units per week. The mean of hemoglobin, hematocrit and PTH were 10.73 g/dl 33.6% and 403 pg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that there was no significant correlation between hemoglobin and hematocrit levels with parathyroid hormone levels and dialysis adequacy. Increased levels of serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and resistance to erythropoietin were associated with a decrease in hematocrit levels due to decreased hemoglobin levels and resistance to erythropoietin.
Saba Sorayyayi , Sogand Vahidi , Mohammad Mohammadzadeh , Sayyed Saied Hosseini-Asl ,
Volume 76, Issue 8 (November 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 8 (November 2018)
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is among the most common malignancies in certain parts of the world, such as northwest Iran. miRNAs are small and single-stranded noncoding RNAs with about 19-23 nucleotides. Several studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in gastric tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of miRNA-1266-5p repression on the cell survival and alterations of the cell cycle in gastric cancer cell line of AGS (NCBI Code: C131, Gastric epithelial cell line).
Methods: This experimental study was performed from April to December 2017 in Cellular-Molecular Research Center of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. In this study, AGS cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% serum and 1% antibiotic. The cells were transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic, miR-1266-5p inhibitor and HiPerFect reagent alone as negative control. The miR-1266-5p expression and transfection efficiency were analyzed by Stem-loop TaqMan qRT-PCR. The cell proliferation and cell cycle alterations were determined using MTT calorimetric assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and presented as the means±standard deviation (SD).
Results: miR-1266-5p expression was increased in AGS cells transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic compared to control cells (P=0), while miR-1266-5p expression was decreased in transfected cells with the inhibitor compared to controls (P=0). Among different time points, the most effects of miR-1266-5p mimic and inhibitor were noticed after 48 hours of transfection. The upregulated miR-1266-5p significantly decreased cell growth, in contrast, inhibitor promoted cell proliferation (P=0). In addition, miR-1266-5p upregulation induced cell cycle arrest at the transition of G1 to S phase and led to G0/G1 entry (P=0), while of miR-1266-5p led to G2/M entry (P=0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this study, miR-1266-5p can reduce cell survival and induce cell cycle arrest and act as a tumor suppressor in AGS cells. While its inhibition can increase cell survival and reduce apoptosis.
Methods: This experimental study was performed from April to December 2017 in Cellular-Molecular Research Center of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. In this study, AGS cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% serum and 1% antibiotic. The cells were transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic, miR-1266-5p inhibitor and HiPerFect reagent alone as negative control. The miR-1266-5p expression and transfection efficiency were analyzed by Stem-loop TaqMan qRT-PCR. The cell proliferation and cell cycle alterations were determined using MTT calorimetric assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and presented as the means±standard deviation (SD).
Results: miR-1266-5p expression was increased in AGS cells transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic compared to control cells (P=0), while miR-1266-5p expression was decreased in transfected cells with the inhibitor compared to controls (P=0). Among different time points, the most effects of miR-1266-5p mimic and inhibitor were noticed after 48 hours of transfection. The upregulated miR-1266-5p significantly decreased cell growth, in contrast, inhibitor promoted cell proliferation (P=0). In addition, miR-1266-5p upregulation induced cell cycle arrest at the transition of G1 to S phase and led to G0/G1 entry (P=0), while of miR-1266-5p led to G2/M entry (P=0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this study, miR-1266-5p can reduce cell survival and induce cell cycle arrest and act as a tumor suppressor in AGS cells. While its inhibition can increase cell survival and reduce apoptosis.
Amir Hasanzadeh , Mohammad Reza Pourmand , Shahram Gooran , Hasan Hosainzadegan , Asghar Tanomand , Gholamreza Pourmand ,
Volume 76, Issue 9 (December 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 9 (December 2018)
Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most important infectious agents in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. It belongs to a large family of gram-negative rods, Enterobacteriaceae. This family includes members of the normal flora of the intestine that are only occasionally pathogenic. Recent considerations of rectal colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli shows the need to change strategy of treatment of infection in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine molecular typing of fluoroquinolone resistant (FQR) E. coli rectal isolates and associated infections in patients undergoing prostate biopsy.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, rectal swabs were collected from 158 male patients before prostate biopsy at the Urology Research Center of Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from March 2015 to February 2016. The FQR organisms were isolated using selective media, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined for following antibiotics, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefazolin, ceftazidime, cefepime, gentamicin, piperacillin-tazobactam, nitrofurantoin, amikacin, fosfomycin, imipenem. In general, phylogenetic background, prevalence of E. coli sequence type 131 (ST131) and its subclones (H30 and H30-Rx ST131) were compared in two groups of FQR E. coli rectal colonization and clinical isolates.
Results: In total, 73 patients had a positive rectal culture for FQR gram-negative bacteria, the most prevalent isolate of which was E. coli. Phylogenetic group B2 was most predominant, followed by A, E, C and D, B1 and F. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns for the FQR organisms showed high levels of resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while the resistance to amikacin, fosfomycin and imipenem remained very low. In general, antibiotic resistance to several antibiotic was mainly detected in group B2 and with ST131 genotype. Despite the increase in infections among patients colonized with strains of E. coli ST131, its frequency was almost statistically significant between colonized and infected groups.
Conclusion: The ST131 pathogen has a high prevalence in rectal colonization and post prostate biopsy infections, which showed widespread resistance to common antibiotics.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, rectal swabs were collected from 158 male patients before prostate biopsy at the Urology Research Center of Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from March 2015 to February 2016. The FQR organisms were isolated using selective media, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined for following antibiotics, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefazolin, ceftazidime, cefepime, gentamicin, piperacillin-tazobactam, nitrofurantoin, amikacin, fosfomycin, imipenem. In general, phylogenetic background, prevalence of E. coli sequence type 131 (ST131) and its subclones (H30 and H30-Rx ST131) were compared in two groups of FQR E. coli rectal colonization and clinical isolates.
Results: In total, 73 patients had a positive rectal culture for FQR gram-negative bacteria, the most prevalent isolate of which was E. coli. Phylogenetic group B2 was most predominant, followed by A, E, C and D, B1 and F. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns for the FQR organisms showed high levels of resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while the resistance to amikacin, fosfomycin and imipenem remained very low. In general, antibiotic resistance to several antibiotic was mainly detected in group B2 and with ST131 genotype. Despite the increase in infections among patients colonized with strains of E. coli ST131, its frequency was almost statistically significant between colonized and infected groups.
Conclusion: The ST131 pathogen has a high prevalence in rectal colonization and post prostate biopsy infections, which showed widespread resistance to common antibiotics.
Shaban Mehrvarz , Hassan Ali Mohebbi , Shahram Manoochehry , Saied Arjmand , Hamid Reza Rasouli ,
Volume 76, Issue 10 (January 2019)
Volume 76, Issue 10 (January 2019)
Abstract
Background: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (PD) is prevalent in the young adults. The cause of PD is unclear, and there are different surgical procedures for the treatment. The Pilonidal sinus disease is an unpleasant, chronic relapsing condition that is difficult to cure. There is a wide variety of surgical treatments with sub-optimal results for it. The ideal treatment for the pilonidal sinus disease has yet to be defined. There are many surgical approaches described in the literature. In this study, the long-term outcomes of four current surgical methods for PD were evaluated and compared. We aimed to assess recurrence, satisfaction, complications rate and wound healing time in the four current surgical methods for PD.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at the Baqiyatallah University Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2017 to September 2017. The study was carried out on 182 postoperative patients. Surgeries were performed in different methods such as; open, closed, semi-closed and limited excision. Diabetics, obese patients and patients with acute pilonidal abscess or prior PD surgery were excluded. All patients were followed for at least three years after surgery. During the follow -up period, patients were assessed for recurrence, satisfaction, complications rate and wound healing time. The outcomes were assessed by case notes analysis and follow-up telephone and postal questionnaires.
Results: In this study forty-four patients were operated via closed Method, 48 patients through open, 48 via semi-closed and 42 one's trough limited excision methods. The highest rate of recurrence was in the open group. There were no cases of recurrence in the closed group. There were also less postoperative hemorrhage and faster wound healing in the closed group. The average satisfaction of all patients was 88.9±8.7. The mean satisfaction rate in the closed group was 95.9±5.3 which was higher than other groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that in the non-recurrent cases of sacral pilonidal sinus, complete Excision and primary repair have fewer complications and shows higher satisfaction rate.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at the Baqiyatallah University Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2017 to September 2017. The study was carried out on 182 postoperative patients. Surgeries were performed in different methods such as; open, closed, semi-closed and limited excision. Diabetics, obese patients and patients with acute pilonidal abscess or prior PD surgery were excluded. All patients were followed for at least three years after surgery. During the follow -up period, patients were assessed for recurrence, satisfaction, complications rate and wound healing time. The outcomes were assessed by case notes analysis and follow-up telephone and postal questionnaires.
Results: In this study forty-four patients were operated via closed Method, 48 patients through open, 48 via semi-closed and 42 one's trough limited excision methods. The highest rate of recurrence was in the open group. There were no cases of recurrence in the closed group. There were also less postoperative hemorrhage and faster wound healing in the closed group. The average satisfaction of all patients was 88.9±8.7. The mean satisfaction rate in the closed group was 95.9±5.3 which was higher than other groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that in the non-recurrent cases of sacral pilonidal sinus, complete Excision and primary repair have fewer complications and shows higher satisfaction rate.
Saied Bokaie , Hessameddin Akbarein , Behnaz Beygi , Ehsan Mosa Farkhani ,
Volume 78, Issue 1 (April 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 1 (April 2020)
Abstract
Background: Today, due to changes in human lifestyle and consumer demand incidence of foodborne diseases is on the rise. The aim of this study was to investigate the mortality rate of foodborne diseases and their related factors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on deaths registered according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10th revision) were extracted from death registration and classification of causes system in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran from 2011 to 2018. Data on deaths from food and water borne diseases including Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium botulinum, and other foodborne diseases were extracted from database of death registration and classification of causes system. The demographic variables of dead people considered in this study include age (under 5 years, 5-20 years, 20-40, 40-60s and over 60 old), gender, nationality, and the location where people died (urban, rural and unknown).
Results: The majority of deaths cases occurred at the age of 60 years and in older age groups (P<0.001). The results show that across all the age groups mortality rate from foodborne diseases was higher among men than among women (P=0.110). Most of foodborne diseases were reported by people living in urban areas (P<0.0001). The results of this study showed that most of the deaths from these diseases occur in the warm seasons. In this study, the crude death rate was 10 cases per one million inhabitants.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mortality rate due to different bacterial agents. This study suggests that demographic variables are important predictors of mortality from foodborne illness and should be further investigated.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on deaths registered according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10th revision) were extracted from death registration and classification of causes system in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran from 2011 to 2018. Data on deaths from food and water borne diseases including Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium botulinum, and other foodborne diseases were extracted from database of death registration and classification of causes system. The demographic variables of dead people considered in this study include age (under 5 years, 5-20 years, 20-40, 40-60s and over 60 old), gender, nationality, and the location where people died (urban, rural and unknown).
Results: The majority of deaths cases occurred at the age of 60 years and in older age groups (P<0.001). The results show that across all the age groups mortality rate from foodborne diseases was higher among men than among women (P=0.110). Most of foodborne diseases were reported by people living in urban areas (P<0.0001). The results of this study showed that most of the deaths from these diseases occur in the warm seasons. In this study, the crude death rate was 10 cases per one million inhabitants.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mortality rate due to different bacterial agents. This study suggests that demographic variables are important predictors of mortality from foodborne illness and should be further investigated.
Mohsen Sheykhhasan, Hamed Manoochehri, Massoud Saidijam,
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Abstract
The highly contagious new coronavirus virus, SARS-CoV-2, was first appeared in Wuhan, China in late 2019. The virus has spread to 216 countries, including Iran, until 7 September 2020. So far, the number of people infected by the new corona virus and died from the disease is 27032617 and 881464 worldwide, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the available treatments for this virus, as a global dilemma. Articles for this review study were selected from Embase, Medline and Google Scholar. Published full articles in English, English full articles published from 1st December 2019 to 23rd July 2020, were included. The search terms included combinations of COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, chloroquine, convalescent plasma, antiviral, antibacterial, Remidesivir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine phosphate, vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. There were no restrictions on the types of study eligible for inclusion. Different available therapies generally can be divided into small molecules and biological products. Among the small molecule drugs used for COVID-19 patients Remdesivir, Favilavir, and hydroxychloroquine have been associated with considerable success in disease control. Separation and transfusion of plasma from blood of improved COVID-19 patients to new patients and the use of recombinant Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) have been two very successful biological therapies in the treatment of COVID-19 disease. However, many efforts are being made by researchers around the world to make other effective and promising biological products. The development of a safe and effective vaccine can lead to great success in eradicating the disease. Also, the production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies and using of stem cell-based therapeutics can be a great success in treating the disease. In addition, according to the miRNA properties, many efforts have been made to inhibit the production of viral proteins using natural miRNAs or artificial siRNAs. It has been proposed that aptamers derived from SELEX can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Subsequently, since the size of miRNAs is at the nanometer level, they can easily incorporate to the targeted exosomes and be delivered via circulation in human blood to the infected cells such as lung cells. Interestingly, miRNAs can be delivered into the lung by inhalation.
Ghasem Janbabai, Amir Hashem Shahidi Bonjar , Abtin Heidarzadeh, Mahdi Shadnoush , Ghasem Sadeghi, Mohsen Dalband, Amir Reza Rokn, Hamid Samadzadeh, Ali Tajernia, Said Sai, Reza Masaeli, Gholamreza Heydari, Ali Yazdani , Behzad Houshmand ,
Volume 79, Issue 2 (May 2021)
Volume 79, Issue 2 (May 2021)
Abstract
Background: The advent of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (so-called SARS-CoV-2) causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (so-called COVID-19) occurred in Dec. 2019 in Wuhan, China. Having an inconceivable worldwide contagion, the outbreak was labeled a pandemic by the WHO. Dental services and related professions (including dentists, dental assistants, dental hygienists and the personnel of cleansing, remedial, triage, dental laboratories, radiographic laboratories and other related paraclinicals), facing galore aerosol and droplets, are in the topmost risk groups exposed to the queer virus. This study was fulfilled to round up evidence-based data to break a link at any part of the virus transmission chain in dental services and related professions.
Methods: Relevant online databases, as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar and TripDatabase were searched meticulously and evaluated for relevant published original research papers. Subsequently, to fulfill the investigation, ADA, CDC and WHO websites were reviewed to gain relevant guidelines and protocols. Consequently, 476 resources were included considering the canonical inclusion criteria. For the sake of quality assessment of the resources, an authentic checklist was exploited to score the resources from 1 to 15, wherein the admissible score was 10. After deliberation of resources, 366 of them were excluded and finally, 110 resources were selected and overhauled to attain a comprehensive perception on the subject of the investigation.
| Results: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 includes direct transmission (via droplet and aerosol inhalation) and indirect transmission (via surface and instrument contamination), which can amply occur in dental services and related professions. Therefore, an all-inclusive evidence-based miscellany was rallied on several exigent topics, containing genuine esteem in reputable scientific authorities, to present a consummate report for the dental clinicians and related practitioners, working in the course of the running pandemic. Conclusion: Contemplating the ongoing crisis, undertaking a set of miscellany elected guidelines and protocols, is indispensable in this vital interval of history to bridle the current pandemic, which has been abridged via this systematic perusal. |
Seyed Kamal Eshagh Hossaini , Javad Hakimelahi, Mohammad Aghaali, Zahra Mehrabi, Rasool Karimi Matlob , Saeed Karimi Matlob,
Volume 80, Issue 10 (January 2023)
Volume 80, Issue 10 (January 2023)
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (autoimmune), the most common cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in children who are otherwise healthy. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the response to treatment in hospitalized children.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by examining the files of patients hospitalized due to ITP in Hazrat Masoumeh (S) Hospital from April 2009 to March 2019. The criteria for inclusion in the study included confirming the diagnosis of ITP and the age of 1 month to 14 years, and the exclusion criteria included cases of discharge with personal consent and not completing the patient's treatment course, the presence of pancytopenia or bicytopenia, the presence of moderate or severe splenomegaly or severe in clinical examinations, BMA based on the presence of a diagnosis other than ITP, not receiving any of the ITP treatment protocols, and patients whose first visit with the diagnosis of ITP was in another center or city. The information about age, sex, clinical symptoms on arrival, initial platelets and the platelets of days 3, 5, 14 and 180 were extracted from the patients' files. The type of treatment protocol, the need to repeat the treatment, the recurrence of the disease and the major complications of the treatment were extracted from the patients' files and finally the data were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: The response to the treatment on different days was unrelated to the age, gender, and initial platelets (except for one exception) (P>0.05). In relation to clinical symptoms, the response to treatment on days three and five was related to the clinical symptoms at the time of presentation and on days 14 and 180 it was unrelated. Response to treatment on days 3 and 5 in different treatment protocols had a significant relationship (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on days 14 and 180.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by examining the files of patients hospitalized due to ITP in Hazrat Masoumeh (S) Hospital from April 2009 to March 2019. The criteria for inclusion in the study included confirming the diagnosis of ITP and the age of 1 month to 14 years, and the exclusion criteria included cases of discharge with personal consent and not completing the patient's treatment course, the presence of pancytopenia or bicytopenia, the presence of moderate or severe splenomegaly or severe in clinical examinations, BMA based on the presence of a diagnosis other than ITP, not receiving any of the ITP treatment protocols, and patients whose first visit with the diagnosis of ITP was in another center or city. The information about age, sex, clinical symptoms on arrival, initial platelets and the platelets of days 3, 5, 14 and 180 were extracted from the patients' files. The type of treatment protocol, the need to repeat the treatment, the recurrence of the disease and the major complications of the treatment were extracted from the patients' files and finally the data were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: The response to the treatment on different days was unrelated to the age, gender, and initial platelets (except for one exception) (P>0.05). In relation to clinical symptoms, the response to treatment on days three and five was related to the clinical symptoms at the time of presentation and on days 14 and 180 it was unrelated. Response to treatment on days 3 and 5 in different treatment protocols had a significant relationship (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on days 14 and 180.
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Conclusion: The best response was in the combined treatment group with methylprednisolone and IVIg, and the lowest response to treatment was observed in those receiving methylprednisolone alone.
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Mohammad Reza Sabri, Bahar Dehghan, Mahsa Rafiee Alhossaini ,
Volume 81, Issue 1 (April 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 1 (April 2023)
Abstract
Background: Syncope is a temporary loss of consciousness with a loss of postural tone. Medicinal treatment of reflex syncope has shown to have no significant effect in reducing the recurrence of syncope. A 36-month follow-up of our pilot cohort showed that non-pharmacological treatments alone were effective in reducing relapse rates. The purpose of this study is to investigate long-term results and 8-year follow-up of previous patients.
Methods: The current study is a continuation of a prospective pilot cohort which was done between August 2013 and 2014 in two academic hospitals in Isfahan (Dr. Chamran heart center and Imam Hossein children hospitals). This current study examines the 8-year follow-up results of children with reflex syncope who were treated with non-pharmacological treatments alone or with drugs. Therefore, the patients who participated in the pilot study were enrolled (30 patients in the pharmacologic group and 40 patients non-pharmacological group). Finally, on 26 patients in the pharmacologic group and 31 patients in the non-pharmacological group (after applying the exclusion criteria), the incidence of syncope and pre-syncope attacks was compared between these two groups of patients using the Chi-square test.
Methods: The current study is a continuation of a prospective pilot cohort which was done between August 2013 and 2014 in two academic hospitals in Isfahan (Dr. Chamran heart center and Imam Hossein children hospitals). This current study examines the 8-year follow-up results of children with reflex syncope who were treated with non-pharmacological treatments alone or with drugs. Therefore, the patients who participated in the pilot study were enrolled (30 patients in the pharmacologic group and 40 patients non-pharmacological group). Finally, on 26 patients in the pharmacologic group and 31 patients in the non-pharmacological group (after applying the exclusion criteria), the incidence of syncope and pre-syncope attacks was compared between these two groups of patients using the Chi-square test.
|
Results: Our study showed that within 5 years after the last follow-up, the incidence of syncope and pre-syncope in patients with a history of vasovagal syncope who did not continue the diet or tilt exercises was different between the two groups of patients (without medication and drug recipient) was not significantly different, even the incidence of presyncope increased significantly again in both groups. The incidence of syncope in the period of 5 years after the last follow-up from the previous study was slightly increased in the group of patients without medication compared to the previous periods, but in the group of patients receiving medication, this incidence decreased slightly.
Conclusion: In order to prevent recurrence, the use of non-pharmacological methods is effective, but for the stability of this recovery, follow-up and continuation of these methods is necessary. |
Mostafa Kazemi , Mohammad Hossain Dadkhah Tehrani , Ali Asghar Khaleghi, Masoud Mohammadi ,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, which is associated with a high prevalence, especially in the elderly male population. Treatment options for non-metastatic prostate cancer usually include active surveillance, radiotherapy and surgery, so the aim of the present study is a systematic review of brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Methods: The study conducted is a systematic review article in which a review of the treatment of prostate cancer with brachytherapy has been done. The information used is taken from articles published in Persian and English in Google scholar, SID and PubMed databases from 2000 to 2022. The selected keywords in this article included Brachy therapy, Prostate cancer, Radio therapy, Prostate neoplasms, High dose rate, Low dose rate and External beam radio therapy. Selection of studies was done according to PRISMA guidelines.
Methods: The study conducted is a systematic review article in which a review of the treatment of prostate cancer with brachytherapy has been done. The information used is taken from articles published in Persian and English in Google scholar, SID and PubMed databases from 2000 to 2022. The selected keywords in this article included Brachy therapy, Prostate cancer, Radio therapy, Prostate neoplasms, High dose rate, Low dose rate and External beam radio therapy. Selection of studies was done according to PRISMA guidelines.
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Results: Brachytherapy can be classified into 2 types of permanent implantation and temporary implantation based on the length of the treatment period. In permanent brachytherapy implants for prostate cancer, iodine (125I) or palladium (103Pd) are used as radioactive sources for low dose rate cases and for high dose rate brachytherapy. Iridium (192Ir) is used. Brachytherapy is usually used in two ways, either as a monotherapy in which LDR and HDR are used to treat some low-risk patients, or as a booster treatment after other treatments such as EBRT, which here may be part of the treatment process before, after, or during treatment. In contrast to brachytherapy alone, brachytherapy plus EBRT is an appropriate approach in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk disease. In high-risk patients, the combined use of EBRT and HDR-BT can lead to better results than EBRT alone. Brachytherapy treatment is not suitable for every disease.
Conclusion: One of the main advantages of this treatment method is the ability to administer a high dose of radiation while minimizing radiation exposure to adjacent healthy organs. Since optimal dose distribution occurs in the treatment, quality treatment can be ensured. The results obtained from both forms of brachytherapy are generally suitable and comparable to other treatment methods with fewer side effects. |
Romina Ghazi Mirsaid , Shirin Farahyar, Shahram Mahmoudi ,
Volume 82, Issue 3 (June 2024)
Volume 82, Issue 3 (June 2024)
Abstract
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