Search published articles
Showing 34 results for Soleimani
Hashemi Zs, Forouzandeh Moghadam M, Soleimani M, Hafizi M, Amirizadeh N,
Volume 70, Issue 2 (4 2012)
Volume 70, Issue 2 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: Bone Marrow Transplantations (BMT) are limited by low CD34+ cell counts in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and these cells need to be expanded for success in such procedures. To achieve this goal, ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by enhancing their self-renewal activity on demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffold coated with mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) and unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) was recommended. TGF-b pathway is a key inhibitory factor for HSCs self-renewal. In this study ex vivo expansion and downregulation of TGF-b pathway were simultaneously performed.
Methods: USSC cells were isolated from UCB and then coated on DBM scaffold as a feeder layer. UCB CD34+ cells were isolated from UCB by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) method and were transfected by siRNA against TGFbR2 in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures by co-cultivation with USSC. TGFbR2 expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell count and flow cytometry were performed and clonogenic activity was evaluated.
Results: Ex vivo expansion of CD34+ cells was significantly enhanced (41±0.7 folds) by TGFbR2 downregulation, especially in 2D than 3D cultures. Finally, 2D culture showed less TGFbR2 expression levels and higher increase in the percentage of CD34 markers by flow cytometry assay.
Conclusion: The 3D siRNA delivery system would be of lower efficiency in contrast to 2D settings where the cells have less freedom and are in more contact with the feeder layer.
Farin Soleimani, Farzaneh Zaheri, Fatemeh Abdi,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Abstract
Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth are one the most important causes of death in the world and therefore are considered as one of the major health problems. Global statistics demonstrates an increase in the prevalence of low birth weight in the developing countries. Low birth weight infants are exposed to complications such as major neurosensory impairements, cerebral palsy, cognitive and language delays, neuromotor developmental delay, blindness and hearing loss, behavioral and psychosocial disorders, learning difficulties and dysfunction in scholastic performances. The majority of infant's death and developmental disorders were due to disorders relating to prematurity and unspecified low birth weight. Infants weighing less than 2500 g, is a major determinant of both neonatal and infant mortality rates and, together with congenital anomalies (e.g., cardiac, central nervous system, and respiratory), contributes significantly to childhood morbidity. Various studies indicate that low birth weight infants are suffering from physiological and psychosocial disabilities, two to three times more than the other children. At school age, preterm and low birth weight infants have poorer physical growth, cognitive function, and school performance. These disadvantages appear to persist into adulthood and therefore have broad implications for society. Although the survival rates have increased dramatically and the incidence of morbidities has decreased, the complications are still considered to be associated with economical and social burdens. Most children with Low birth weight suffer from multiple disabilities. Therefore, they need special and consistent care. On demand of reducing the infant mortality rate, the need to decrease the complications in low birth weight and preterm infants should be considered by the policy makers in health care system. In this review article, we assessed current evidences on developmental outcomes of low birth weight and preterm newborns.
Mohsen Soleimani , Ali Shakib-Khankandi , Farahnaz Ghahremanfard , Majid Mirmohammadkhani ,
Volume 72, Issue 10 (January 2015)
Volume 72, Issue 10 (January 2015)
Abstract
Background: Nausea and vomiting is one of the most important complications in chemotherapy. Serotonin and dopamine are important neurotransmitters in nausea and vomiting. It seems that oxygen therapy and increase oxygen saturation can cause decrease these neurotransmitters. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) of patients and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed in Koosar Hospital in Semnan, Iran, from 19 September 2013 to 25 April. At first, SaO2 of 30 patients in three periods (pre, during and post chemotherapy) were measured. Severity of nausea and vomiting in three days after chemotherapy was measured with an index of nausea, vomiting and retching (Rhodes Index). Also during chemotherapy, anxiety and depression of patients was measured with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: In this study thirty patients were evaluated. Most of them were women (66%) with mean age of 55.07±11.9 years old. The most common cancer in patients was breast cancer (46.7%). Mean of SaO2 was 92.1%±3.4 that was not significant difference during the chemotherapy. Mean of nausea and vomiting severity in first day of chemotherapy was (3.27±5.5), in second day was (4.5±6.2) and in third day was (7.2±8.7). The Pearson correlation coefficient did not show the relationship between oxygen saturation with severity of nausea and vomiting (P>0.05). Although severity of anxiety of patients was significant relationship with nausea and vomiting in third day (P=0.03). Conclusion: In this study there was no significant relationship between oxygen saturation and severity of nausea and vomiting, but anxiety of patients was related to nausea and vomiting in third day. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting was more common in third day and it seems that further research is needed for relationship between oxygen saturation and nausea and vomiting in third day of treatment.
Farin Soleimani , Nasibe Sharifi , Fereshteh Rasti Borujeni , Mina Amiri , Somayeh Khazaiyan , Azita Fathnezhad Kazemi ,
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Abstract
Growing and developing are influenced by genetic, social and environmental factors and it's most important and initial phase step is formed of the early life of the fetus and infant. According to the world health organization, the incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight are increasing in most countries that most of it related to developing countries. Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth are one the most important causes of death in the world and therefore are considered as one of the major health problems that can affect growing and developing so that it can threaten public health. Advances in medical technology in recent decades at intensive care unit, increased survival of premature infants and high-risk specialist care is needed, but failed, to reduce the complications of premature birth but it couldn’t reduce complications of preterm birth. There is also an increased recognition of the potential disconnect between perinatal outcomes and long-term outcomes. The administration of oxygen and postnatal steroids are prime examples of interventions that may have immediate positive effects but negative long-term effects. Many premature babies will be encounter with mobility problems, cognitive, neurosensory impairments, cerebral palsy, cognitive and language delays, neuromotor developmental delay, blindness and hearing loss, behavioral and psychosocial disorders, learning difficulties and dysfunction in scholastic performances in the future. These disadvantages appear to persist into adulthood and therefore have broad implications for society. Without a doubt, one of the tragedies of the world is people with physical or mental damage caused by premature birth, many of these disorders are not early diagnosed and the prediction of long term complications of infants discharged from the NICU is difficult. Although nourodevelopmental follow-up of these babies is a necessary part of the neonatal assessment but there is no standard process for it. The present review article aims to introduce the care process and tools that is used for following-up these babies, also introduces the application of screening tools for neuro-developmental care.
Arezo Nahavandi , Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh , Mansureh Soleimani ,
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Abstract
Background: Depression, as one of the most prevalent and disabling disorders in the world, has a complex and yet not well-known pathophysiology. Genetic, hormonal, neurotransmitter, inflammatory and neurodegenerative theories are all responsible. Studies show that depression leads to structural changes in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate, and basal bodies. Hippocampal volume loss is observed due to the death of nerve cells, neurons, and glial cells, and reduced neurogenesis. The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system. The limbic system is the area in the brain that is associated with memory, emotions, and motivation. The limbic system is located just above the brain stem and below the cortex. Despite the many studies related to the reduced hippocampal neurogenesis in depressed patients, no study has compared the amount of neurodegeneration between the left and right hippocampus. In this study, we compared neurodegeneration levels in the right and left hippocampus of the rats. Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats that were purchased Razi Institute, Karaj, Iran, were evaluated in the study. This study was conducted in cellular and molecular center in Iran University of Medical Sciences, from June 2012 to June 2013. Half of them had unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) for 21 days to develop depression. The forced-swimming test (FST) was used to measure the immobility time (IB), a symptom of depression. One week after the behavioral test, the rats were prepared for transcardial perfusion. Then, paraffin fixed brain was excised and the hippocampus was prepared for Nissl staining. All above-mentioned procedures were performed for the control group too except inducing UCMS. Results: Our results increased IB in the UCMS group, 68.8 second in stress group and 15.1 second in control group. Nissl staining showed prominent neural degeneration in the hippocampus of the rats in the UCMS group. Comparison of the left and right hippocampal cells revealed that the right hippocampus (mean= 49.166) was more vulnerable to stress than the left hippocampus (mean= 76.6). Conclusion: Our study showed different manifestations of depression after UCMS. It showed that UCMS could lead to mental depression. This study showed that the right hippocampus was more sensitive to stress than the left hippocampus. In fact, UCMS resulted in depression. The study showed that the right hippocampus was more sensitive to stress than the left hippocampus. Therefore, the main function of the right hemisphere, which is adaptation to the new environment, is disturbed more.
Fatemeh Eskandari , Masoud Soleimani , Nasim Kalantari , Mehdi Azad , Amir Allahverdi ,
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Abstract
Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a therapeutic approach in treatment of hematologic malignancies and incompatibility of bone marrow. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) known as an alternative for hematopoietic stem/ progenitor cells (HPSC) for in allogenic transplantation. The main hindrance in application of HPSC derived from umbilical cord blood is the low volume of collected samples. So, ex vivo expansion of HPSCs is the useful approach to overcome this restriction. Synthetic biomaterials such as nanofibers is used to produce synthetic niches. The aim of this study was the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells on biocompatible nanofiber scaffolds. Methods: This study was done at Tarbiat Modares University from November 2012 to June 2013 and was a research study. Umbilical cord blood CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells were separated using MidiMacs (positive selection) system by means of monocolonal antibody (microbeads) CD133. Flow cytometry was used to assess the purity of cells. Cell culture was done on plate (2 Dimensional) and fibronectin conjougated polyether sulfone nanofiber scaffold (3 Dimensional). Colony assay test was used to asses the ability of colonization of cells. Results: Cell count analysis revealed the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in cell culture plate (2D environment) and on nanofiber scaffold (3D environment) after 2 weeks. Expansion of cells in 2D environment was greater than 3D condition. Colony assay test revealed that the colonization ability of cells decreased after 2 weeks, but this decrease was lower in scaffold culture than plate culture. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that umbilical cord blood CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells can expand on fibronectin conjugated polyether sulfone scaffold and we can use this system for expanding of cells in vitro situation.
Sina Soleimani , Shahla Shahsavandi , Omid Maddadgar , Homayoon Mahravani , Mohsen Lotfi ,
Volume 73, Issue 3 (June 2015)
Volume 73, Issue 3 (June 2015)
Abstract
Background: In the last decade due to emerge and remerge of influenza viruses, quality improvement of vaccines to increase immune responses in target populations have been more necessary. The potential of biologic adjuvant to stimulate and induce immune system is the basis of modern researches in prevention and controlling program of infectious diseases. In this study, the effect of the coding sequence of cellular Myxovirus resistance (Mx) protein as a biological adjuvant for inducing humoral immune response against influenza virus was investigated. Methods: The experimental study was performed on Balb/c mice in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute from June to November 2014. Three conserved motifs of Mx were selected following sequence alignment between human, mouse and bird species. Potential of the motifs for stimulation immune responses against influenza virus were evaluated using in silico analysis. Based on the immune informatics data Mx1 sequence was the best immune inducer and cloned into pcDNA3.1 vector. Then formulated with inactivated H9N2 influenza antigen as adjuvant and injected to mice groups. The sera of vaccinated mice were collected prior to priming and boosting injections and also at defined weeks and analyzed with serological assays. Histopathological examination was done for evaluation of the vaccine and adjuvant safety. Results: The mean weight of the Balb/c mice in all control and treatment groups was similar and ranged from 21 to 37 gr (P= 0.05). The difference in increasing antibody titers against influenza virus in immunized mice who received Mx1-adjuvanted vaccine especially in second boosting was significant (P= 0.01) compared to the vaccine alone group. More than 78% of the immunized mice receiving two-time boosting have the mean antibody titer of >6 (Log2) which was higher (P= 0.001) comparing to the mice with one booster injection. Conclusion: These data revealed that Mx1 as biological adjuvant was able to increase antibody titer and induction memory immune responses against influenza immunization without causing any side effects.
Parisa Safaee , Rassoul Noorossana , Kamran Heidari , Parya Soleimani ,
Volume 74, Issue 1 (April 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 1 (April 2016)
Abstract
Background: Data mining is known as a process of discovering and analysing large amounts of data in order to find meaningful rules and trends. In healthcare, data mining offers numerous opportunities to study the unknown patterns in a data set. These patterns can be used to diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients by physicians. The main objective of this study was to predict the level of serum ferritin in women with anemia and to specify the basic predictive factors of iron deficiency anemia using data mining techniques.
Methods: In this research 690 patients and 22 variables have been studied in women population with anemia. These data include 11 laboratories and 11 clinical variables of patients related to the patients who have referred to the laboratory of Imam Hossein and Shohada-E- Haft Tir hospitals from April 2013 to April 2014. Decision tree technique has been used to build the model.
Results: The accuracy of the decision tree with all the variables is 75%. Different combinations of variables were examined in order to determine the best model to predict. Regarding the optimum obtained model of the decision tree, the RBC, MCH, MCHC, gastrointestinal cancer and gastrointestinal ulcer were identified as the most important predictive factors. The results indicate if the values of MCV, MCHC and MCH variables are normal and the value of RBC variable is lower than normal limitation, it is diagnosed that the patient is likely 90% iron deficiency anemia.
Conclusion: Regarding the simplicity and the low cost of the complete blood count examination, the model of decision tree was taken into consideration to diagnose iron deficiency anemia in patients. Also the impact of new factors such as gastrointestinal hemorrhoids, gastrointestinal surgeries, different gastrointestinal diseases and gastrointestinal ulcers are considered in this paper while the previous studies have been limited only to assess laboratory variables. The rules of the decision tree model can improve the process of diagnosing and treatment of the patients with iron deficiency anemia and reduce their costs.
Khadijeh Dolatshah , Rassoul Noorossana , Kamran Heidari , Parya Soleimani , Roohallah Ghasempour ,
Volume 74, Issue 2 (May 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 2 (May 2016)
Abstract
Background: Anemia disease is the most common hematological disorder which most often occurs in women. Knowledge discovery from large volumes of data associated with records of the disease can improve medical services quality by data mining The goal of this study was to determining and evaluating the status of anemia using data mining algorithms.
Methods: In this applied study, laboratory and clinical data of the patients with anemia were studied in the population of women. The data have been gathered during a year in the laboratory of Imam Hossein and Shohada-ye Haft-e Tir Hospitals which contains 690 records and 15 laboratory and clinical features of anemia. To discover hidden relationships and structures using k-medoids algorithm the patients were clustered. The Silhouette index was used to determine clustering quality.
Results: The features of red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), ferritin, gastrointestinal cancer (GI cancer), gastrointestinal surgery (GI surgery) and gastrointestinal infection (GI infection) by clustering have been determined as the most important patients’ features. These patients according to their features have been seg-mented to three clusters. First, the patients were clustered according to all features. The results showed that clustering with all features is not suitable because of weak structure of clustering. Then, each time the clustering was performed with different number of features. The silhouette index average is 80 percent that shows clustering quality. Therefore clustering is acceptable and has a strong structure.
Conclusion: The results showed that clustering with all features is not suitable because of weak structure. Then, each time the clustering was performed with different number of features. The first cluster contains mild iron deficiency anemia, the second cluster contains severe iron deficiency anemia patients and the third cluster contains patients with other anemia cause.
Farin Soleimani , Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi , Fatemeh Nayeri, Hosein Dalili, Mamak Shariat ,
Volume 74, Issue 3 (June 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 3 (June 2016)
Abstract
|
Background: In fact, there is no doubt that medical education should be to prepare students for those clinical problems that they may encounter in their future performance. But according to the findings of previous studies in this area, one of the important priority and basic needs in education is training health workers, including physicians. Methods: In this qualitative study focuses on the content analysis of typical (conventional content analysis) was performed. The aim of this study was to determine the needs and skills required to train neonatal subspecialists in the ability to manage vulnerable neonates problems and their families specialized in the field of comprehensive health care have driven. Based on purposive sampling, the research participants, staff and alumni of the second year and above the five-year sub-specialty in neonatology, formed by the association of neonatal diseases were chosen. Saturation as a termination criterion was applied to the collected data. Method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Reliability means the adequacy and accuracy that was measured by four methodological criteria: credibility, confirmability, transferability and dependability. All phases of study were recorded elaborately and the researchers reported all findings in the same speech research participants. Results: Respondents consider themselves some week points in neonatal medicine education; they expressed their opinions in three categories with four subcategories as follow: "competent person knowledgeable", "weakness of the curriculum", "educational challenges", "need to review the curriculum", "the need to reform medical education system in the country", and "effective strategies for teaching". Conclusion: Editing curriculum to teach coherent and comprehensive clinical skills in one hand, social support and health care for vulnerable children and families in other hand will improve care for vulnerable neonates. |
Sina Soleimani , Shahla Shahsavandi , Omid Madadgar ,
Volume 74, Issue 8 (November 2016)
Volume 74, Issue 8 (November 2016)
Abstract
Background: Problems of live and inactivated influenza vaccines such as, increasing emerge and re-emerge viruses with high human mortality, current epidemics of influenza and direct transmission of avian viruses to human, affect the vaccination program. DNA vaccines as third generation of vaccines is specially considered for control of influenza in human and poultry. The main advantage of these vaccines is humoral and cellular immune responses and broad spectrum of using these vaccines for control of circulating strains of influenza. In this study the conserved fragment of HA2 to form of DNA vaccine was designed to induce immunity against influenza viruses and its heterologous protective immunity against these viruses was evaluated.
|
Methods: The experimental study was performed in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute from December 2014 to July 2015 in Iran. The HA2 was cloned into pcDNA3.1 to assess the HA2 DNA vaccine and mice were immunized with the generated constructs in a DNA prime-DNA boost regimen in 4 groups. The humoral immune responses were analyzed at defined intervals by VN tests. The safety of the vaccine was evaluated by daily inspection and histopathological examination. For evaluation of cellular immunity, proliferation assay was used. Results: The antibody titre and cellular immunity of immunized mice was significantly higher than control group for two serotypes and the highest responses was in the group with two-time boosting (P<0.01). There were no any local, general and histopathology reactions in immunized mice. Conclusion: The HA2 DNA vaccine significantly enhanced circulatory antibody responses and cellular immunity against influenza current serotypes. This study showed the highest immune responses were in the group that immunized with HA2 in prime and two boosts. Besides that, this construct did not have any local and general reaction and any side effects in treated mice. So, this construct was introduced as candidate for control of influenza virus serotypes. |
Mohammad Molavi , Rasoul Yousefi Mashouf , Mohammad Yousef Alikhani , Hassan Mahmoudi , Alireza Zamani , Fariba Keramat , Sara Soleimani Asl ,
Volume 75, Issue 6 (September 2017)
Volume 75, Issue 6 (September 2017)
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a systemic infection caused by gram-negative coccobacilli and facultative intracellular bacteria of the genus brucella. Brucellosis is a bacterial disease common to humans and livestock. Infection with Brucella spp. continues to pose a human health risk globally despite strides in eradicating the disease from domestic animals. The humoral and cellular immunity plays an important role in brucellosis. The effect of phagocytosis and cellular immunity has been demonstrated in brucellosis. The effect of cupping as a therapeutic method on bacterial diseases has been demonstrated. By considering this fact that cupping is an effective method on host immune system functions and has potential effect to regulate the inflammatory reactions.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 48 rats in 6 groups (48 rats were divided into 6 groups) during the first 6 months from January 2015 to July 2016 in the laboratory of microbiology and animal of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. The rats were infected through the injection of Brucella melitensis with plenty 5×105 (cfu/ml) of bacteria. After a week, in order to approve the accuracy of the infection in the studied rats inoculated with coombos Brucella melitensis, Wright test, 2-Mercaptoethanol test and Coombs' Wright test were used. The rats were then treated with cupping method in their sacral area. IFN-γ was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. And the study of tissues using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) Staining.
Results: The results of this study showed that cupping leads to an increase in the mean serum level of interferon-gamma. The histopathological study of liver tissue showed that the radial arrangement was not observed in the infected group with brucellosis and the cells were acidophilus. While, the radial arrangement was observed in treated rats with cupping, but it was not complete. The number of enlarged sinusoids were reduced. But, cell infiltration was observed.
Conclusion: This study showed that cupping can increase serum level of IFN-γ, and thus help to the clearance of disease and improvement of injury in the brucellosis animals lab.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 48 rats in 6 groups (48 rats were divided into 6 groups) during the first 6 months from January 2015 to July 2016 in the laboratory of microbiology and animal of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. The rats were infected through the injection of Brucella melitensis with plenty 5×105 (cfu/ml) of bacteria. After a week, in order to approve the accuracy of the infection in the studied rats inoculated with coombos Brucella melitensis, Wright test, 2-Mercaptoethanol test and Coombs' Wright test were used. The rats were then treated with cupping method in their sacral area. IFN-γ was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. And the study of tissues using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) Staining.
Results: The results of this study showed that cupping leads to an increase in the mean serum level of interferon-gamma. The histopathological study of liver tissue showed that the radial arrangement was not observed in the infected group with brucellosis and the cells were acidophilus. While, the radial arrangement was observed in treated rats with cupping, but it was not complete. The number of enlarged sinusoids were reduced. But, cell infiltration was observed.
Conclusion: This study showed that cupping can increase serum level of IFN-γ, and thus help to the clearance of disease and improvement of injury in the brucellosis animals lab.
Mohsen Soleimani , ,
Volume 76, Issue 1 (April 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 1 (April 2018)
Abstract
Background: Endotracheal tube cuff pressure must be maintained in safe range. Many factors could be affecting on endotracheal tube cuff pressure in patients on mechanical ventilation. Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) in critical care settings require changing position for different reasons. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of changes in body position and head of bed on the endotracheal tube cuff pressure in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre-post design) was performed from April to October 2016 on 70 patients with positive pressure mechanical ventilation in critical care settings in two university hospitals in the cities of Semnan and Shahroud, Semnan Province, Iran. At first, the endotracheal tube cuff pressure of patients was regulated on 25 cmH2O in the bed position of 30 degree. Then the patients were randomly positioned on zero degree bed position, 45 degree bed position, lateral position of patients toward mechanical ventilation apparatus and lateral position opposite the MV apparatus. In each position cuff pressure was measured after 5 minutes pause and head and neck of the patients was not flexed or extended. Tube cuff pressure was measured and recorded in the end expiratory with aneroid manometer after each position change. Data analysis was performed with software of SPSS software, version 18 (Armonk, NY, USA) in the significant level of 0.05.
Results: Most of study patients (58.6%) were male and no smokers (81.4%). Age mean of patients were 63.37±20.9 years. Most of patients connected to MV because of respiratory failure. In each change positions and head of bed regulation, the mean of endotracheal tube cuff pressures were significantly increased (P<0.001). Endotracheal tube cuff pressure in the lateral position opposite to the apparatus had maximum increase (29.12±0.41 cmH2O) and in the zero degree bed position tube cuff pressure had minimum increase (27.6±0.38 cmH2O).
Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that changing position of bed and patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, especially in lateral position opposite to the apparatus could increase endotracheal tube cuff pressure. This increase may reach to abnormal range and cause tracheal injury.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre-post design) was performed from April to October 2016 on 70 patients with positive pressure mechanical ventilation in critical care settings in two university hospitals in the cities of Semnan and Shahroud, Semnan Province, Iran. At first, the endotracheal tube cuff pressure of patients was regulated on 25 cmH2O in the bed position of 30 degree. Then the patients were randomly positioned on zero degree bed position, 45 degree bed position, lateral position of patients toward mechanical ventilation apparatus and lateral position opposite the MV apparatus. In each position cuff pressure was measured after 5 minutes pause and head and neck of the patients was not flexed or extended. Tube cuff pressure was measured and recorded in the end expiratory with aneroid manometer after each position change. Data analysis was performed with software of SPSS software, version 18 (Armonk, NY, USA) in the significant level of 0.05.
Results: Most of study patients (58.6%) were male and no smokers (81.4%). Age mean of patients were 63.37±20.9 years. Most of patients connected to MV because of respiratory failure. In each change positions and head of bed regulation, the mean of endotracheal tube cuff pressures were significantly increased (P<0.001). Endotracheal tube cuff pressure in the lateral position opposite to the apparatus had maximum increase (29.12±0.41 cmH2O) and in the zero degree bed position tube cuff pressure had minimum increase (27.6±0.38 cmH2O).
Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that changing position of bed and patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, especially in lateral position opposite to the apparatus could increase endotracheal tube cuff pressure. This increase may reach to abnormal range and cause tracheal injury.
Farrin Soleimani , Zahra Bajalan ,
Volume 76, Issue 3 (June 2018)
Volume 76, Issue 3 (June 2018)
Abstract
Background: Developmental and behavioral disorders are the most prevalent problems in children after infection and trauma. Growth and development are influenced by genetic, social and environmental factors that incept of the early life of the fetal and neonatal periods. Due to the importance of the development in children, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between growth indices at birth and developmental status in infancy.
Methods: This case-control study investigated 6 to 18 months old infants, who referred to comprehensive health centers affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from August to December 2017. The sample size in this study was 200 infants and the participants were evaluated in two groups of 100 subjects (developmental delay and normal development). Anthropometric indices at birth were collected from healthcare records, and developmental status was measured using the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ). The developmental status of the children was measured in five domains, i.e., motor (gross and fine motor skills), problem-solving, personal-social skills and communication. A significance level was considered statistically <0.05.
Results: The mean age of the infants in the developmental delay group was 12.63±1.72 months and the mean age of the infants in control group was 12.68±1.69 months and 45.6% of children in the developmental delay group were female and 54.4% of children in the developmental delay group were male. The most prevalence developmental delay in case group was in the area of personal-social domain (26.9%) and the lowest prevalence developmental delay in the area of the gross motor (12.7%). No correlation was found between head circumference (P= 0.32) and height at birth (P= 0.11) and developmental status. However, there was a significant relationship between developmental delay in the area of the communication (P= 0.04) and gross motor (P= 0.02) with birth weight. Pearson correlation indicate a correlation between developmental delay in the area of the gross motor and birth weight (P= 0.01).
Conclusion: It seems that birth weight was a factor that is associated with developmental delay. In this study low birth weight correlated with developmental delay in communication and gross motor aspects of ASQ.
Methods: This case-control study investigated 6 to 18 months old infants, who referred to comprehensive health centers affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from August to December 2017. The sample size in this study was 200 infants and the participants were evaluated in two groups of 100 subjects (developmental delay and normal development). Anthropometric indices at birth were collected from healthcare records, and developmental status was measured using the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ). The developmental status of the children was measured in five domains, i.e., motor (gross and fine motor skills), problem-solving, personal-social skills and communication. A significance level was considered statistically <0.05.
Results: The mean age of the infants in the developmental delay group was 12.63±1.72 months and the mean age of the infants in control group was 12.68±1.69 months and 45.6% of children in the developmental delay group were female and 54.4% of children in the developmental delay group were male. The most prevalence developmental delay in case group was in the area of personal-social domain (26.9%) and the lowest prevalence developmental delay in the area of the gross motor (12.7%). No correlation was found between head circumference (P= 0.32) and height at birth (P= 0.11) and developmental status. However, there was a significant relationship between developmental delay in the area of the communication (P= 0.04) and gross motor (P= 0.02) with birth weight. Pearson correlation indicate a correlation between developmental delay in the area of the gross motor and birth weight (P= 0.01).
Conclusion: It seems that birth weight was a factor that is associated with developmental delay. In this study low birth weight correlated with developmental delay in communication and gross motor aspects of ASQ.
Mohsen Shoja, Mohadese Soleimani, Maryam Ameriyan , Niloufar Asbaghipour , Peyman Hejazi Hejazi ,
Volume 77, Issue 2 (May 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 2 (May 2019)
Abstract
Background: Today, with the increasing use of ionizing radiation like X-rays in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the risk of fetal exposure in pregnant women also increases. Therefore, protecting pregnant women from ionizing radiation is essential and is considered as the standard criterion for Medical Radiation Center. So the aim of this study was to investigate the observance of protective principles and 10-day rule in imaging of susceptible women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Radiography Centers of Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from July 2017 to September 2017. First, patients who were under radiography, were asked about the knowledge of the radiographers about the 10-day rule and radiation protection. Then a questionnaire with 12 questions was given to the radiographers in radiology and CT scan center. Finally, the existence of protection guidelines for pregnant women was determined by asking manager and checking at the moment.
Results: The patient's question about pregnancy failed about 19%, which did not have a significant relationship with patients' singleness (P=0.0004). Also the mean scores for the knowledge of radiographers about radiation protection were 14.21±0.96, which did not have a significant relationship with their work record and place of employment and their educational level (P=0.09). On the other hand, in half of the radiography centers, the written radiation protection guidelines were not available.
Conclusion: Principles of radiation protection and 10-day rule for radiography of women who were prone to pregnancy were desirable but due to importance of radiation protection, the rules should be more carefully implemented.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Radiography Centers of Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from July 2017 to September 2017. First, patients who were under radiography, were asked about the knowledge of the radiographers about the 10-day rule and radiation protection. Then a questionnaire with 12 questions was given to the radiographers in radiology and CT scan center. Finally, the existence of protection guidelines for pregnant women was determined by asking manager and checking at the moment.
Results: The patient's question about pregnancy failed about 19%, which did not have a significant relationship with patients' singleness (P=0.0004). Also the mean scores for the knowledge of radiographers about radiation protection were 14.21±0.96, which did not have a significant relationship with their work record and place of employment and their educational level (P=0.09). On the other hand, in half of the radiography centers, the written radiation protection guidelines were not available.
Conclusion: Principles of radiation protection and 10-day rule for radiography of women who were prone to pregnancy were desirable but due to importance of radiation protection, the rules should be more carefully implemented.
Asma Soleimani , Afra Khosravi , Enayat Asadi ,
Volume 77, Issue 3 (June 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 3 (June 2019)
Abstract
Background: Disruption of lipid metabolism threatens human life in all countries with different percentages and causes cardiovascular disease. Reducing physical activity and eliminating some of the food medications have exacerbated these complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger supplementation on the lipid profile and body composition of obese women following Pilates exercises.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out at the Medicinal Plants Research Center of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from September to December 2012. In this study, 90 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into three groups: complement, placebo and control (30 objects in each group). The exercise protocol includes a ten-week Pilates exercise. The supplement group consumed 2 grams of ginger powder daily for ten weeks. The placebo group used starch (placebo) capsules for these ten weeks. The control group did not take any supplement and did not have any activity at all. Blood samples were taken prior to physical activity and 48 hours after the end of 10 weeks Pilates training three sessions per week (30 sessions). In order to investigate intra-group changes, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the groups.
Results: The results showed that after 10 weeks of using zinc supplements following Pilates exercise training in pretest and posttest, increases in HDL levels and decreased TG, LDL, Tcol, body composition and body weight in obese women. Also, consumption of 10 weeks of ginger supplement after aerobic exercise training on TG (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.02), Tcol (P=0.05) and HDL (P=0.01) in obese women in supplement and placebo groups had a significant impact.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pilates exercises with daily consumption of 2 grams of ginger supplement for 10 weeks caused a significant decrease in lipid profiles, body fat percentage, weight, and hip circumference.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out at the Medicinal Plants Research Center of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from September to December 2012. In this study, 90 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into three groups: complement, placebo and control (30 objects in each group). The exercise protocol includes a ten-week Pilates exercise. The supplement group consumed 2 grams of ginger powder daily for ten weeks. The placebo group used starch (placebo) capsules for these ten weeks. The control group did not take any supplement and did not have any activity at all. Blood samples were taken prior to physical activity and 48 hours after the end of 10 weeks Pilates training three sessions per week (30 sessions). In order to investigate intra-group changes, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the groups.
Results: The results showed that after 10 weeks of using zinc supplements following Pilates exercise training in pretest and posttest, increases in HDL levels and decreased TG, LDL, Tcol, body composition and body weight in obese women. Also, consumption of 10 weeks of ginger supplement after aerobic exercise training on TG (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.02), Tcol (P=0.05) and HDL (P=0.01) in obese women in supplement and placebo groups had a significant impact.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pilates exercises with daily consumption of 2 grams of ginger supplement for 10 weeks caused a significant decrease in lipid profiles, body fat percentage, weight, and hip circumference.
Seyed Mohammad Riahi , Hossein Mozafar Saadati , Maryam Mohammadi , Farin Soleimani ,
Volume 77, Issue 4 (July 2019)
Volume 77, Issue 4 (July 2019)
Abstract
Background: Anemia is one of the most important nutritional disorders among children and adolescent in Iran and developing countries. Despite the possibility of anemia prevention, there is a high proportion of this problem in school children and especially infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of anemia in 6 to 12 months old children.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that conducted between May 2016 and October 2016 in Tabas health centers, South Khorasan, Iran. In this study 911 infants aged 6 to 12 months were enrolled by census method. Demographic variables and all blood factors were collected through interviews and laboratory tests in Tabas health centers, respectively. In this study, cut-off point of <11 g/dl for hemoglobin was considered as anemia index. All Statistical analyses were done using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and Pearson correlation in SPSS software, version 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). P-value of 0.05 was considered as level of statistical significance.
Results: The mean age of individuals was 9±1.5 months, the mean current weight and the mean weight at birth time were 8678±1112.1 g and 3090±467.9 g, respectively. According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, the prevalence rate of anemia in Tabas City was estimated 37.1%. The prevalence rate of anemia in age groups based on hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) indices had a significant decreasing trend (P=0.001). Prevalence rate of anemia in males and females was not significantly different (P=0.27). Moreover prevalence rate of anemia was higher in rural areas rather than urban areas (P=0.009).
Conclusion: This is the first assessment of anemia prevalence among children in east of Iran. As a result of estimated prevalence of anemia, based on WHO definition, revealed moderate public health importance among infants aged 6 to 12 months old. The deceasing trend of anemia based on age groups indicates the importance of iron supplementation in Iran, especially in developing countries.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that conducted between May 2016 and October 2016 in Tabas health centers, South Khorasan, Iran. In this study 911 infants aged 6 to 12 months were enrolled by census method. Demographic variables and all blood factors were collected through interviews and laboratory tests in Tabas health centers, respectively. In this study, cut-off point of <11 g/dl for hemoglobin was considered as anemia index. All Statistical analyses were done using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and Pearson correlation in SPSS software, version 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). P-value of 0.05 was considered as level of statistical significance.
Results: The mean age of individuals was 9±1.5 months, the mean current weight and the mean weight at birth time were 8678±1112.1 g and 3090±467.9 g, respectively. According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, the prevalence rate of anemia in Tabas City was estimated 37.1%. The prevalence rate of anemia in age groups based on hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) indices had a significant decreasing trend (P=0.001). Prevalence rate of anemia in males and females was not significantly different (P=0.27). Moreover prevalence rate of anemia was higher in rural areas rather than urban areas (P=0.009).
Conclusion: This is the first assessment of anemia prevalence among children in east of Iran. As a result of estimated prevalence of anemia, based on WHO definition, revealed moderate public health importance among infants aged 6 to 12 months old. The deceasing trend of anemia based on age groups indicates the importance of iron supplementation in Iran, especially in developing countries.
Mohsen Soleimani , Rahimeh Nabavi , Nadia Karimi , Abbasali Ebrahimian ,
Volume 78, Issue 3 (June 2020)
Volume 78, Issue 3 (June 2020)
Abstract
Background: Uremic pruritus is one of the important problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Causing the mechanism of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients is complex and multifactorial. Almost 60 percent of hemodialysis patients suffer from uremic pruritus. Oral hydroxyzine is a common treatment for uremic pruritus of this patients. This study aimed to survey effect of hydroxyzine on uremic pruritus of hemodialysis patients.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre and post design) performed on 40 patients with eligible criteria. All of the hemodialysis patients who suffer from pruritus received a tablet of hydroxyzine 25 mg daily for 6 weeks. In this time, drugs and the plan of hemodialysis were constant. Pruritus score of patients, evaluated with 5-D pruritus scale that had 8 items with 5-score Likert scale and evaluate duration, direction, disability, and distribution of pruritus. Severity scores of pruritus before and after treatment with tablet of hydroxyzine were compared. This study was conducted on hemodialysis patients in the Soodeh Center of Hemodialysis in the south of Tehran, Iran, from September 2016 to February 2017.
Results: The findings of this study showed that most of the patients in this study were male (55%) with mean age of 55.97±11.59 years. The most cause of chronic renal failure in these patients was diabetes (37.5%). This study showed that 32.5% of the hemodialysis patients had moderate to severe uremic pruritus. The mean score of pruritus before the treatment with hydroxyzine was 16.73±3.4 and the most effect of this drug was in the social activity item (2.47±0.6). After treatment with hydroxyzine, the mean score of pruritus in the patients was 9.65±2.15 that was decreased significantly (P<0.001). The findings showed that there was no significant relationship between decrease of pruritus and characteristics of patients.
Conclusion: This study showed that uremic pruritus is still a challenge in hemodialysis patients. According to this study use of hydroxyzine, regardless of uremic pruritus mechanism, could be decreased uremic pruritus of hemodialysis patients.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre and post design) performed on 40 patients with eligible criteria. All of the hemodialysis patients who suffer from pruritus received a tablet of hydroxyzine 25 mg daily for 6 weeks. In this time, drugs and the plan of hemodialysis were constant. Pruritus score of patients, evaluated with 5-D pruritus scale that had 8 items with 5-score Likert scale and evaluate duration, direction, disability, and distribution of pruritus. Severity scores of pruritus before and after treatment with tablet of hydroxyzine were compared. This study was conducted on hemodialysis patients in the Soodeh Center of Hemodialysis in the south of Tehran, Iran, from September 2016 to February 2017.
Results: The findings of this study showed that most of the patients in this study were male (55%) with mean age of 55.97±11.59 years. The most cause of chronic renal failure in these patients was diabetes (37.5%). This study showed that 32.5% of the hemodialysis patients had moderate to severe uremic pruritus. The mean score of pruritus before the treatment with hydroxyzine was 16.73±3.4 and the most effect of this drug was in the social activity item (2.47±0.6). After treatment with hydroxyzine, the mean score of pruritus in the patients was 9.65±2.15 that was decreased significantly (P<0.001). The findings showed that there was no significant relationship between decrease of pruritus and characteristics of patients.
Conclusion: This study showed that uremic pruritus is still a challenge in hemodialysis patients. According to this study use of hydroxyzine, regardless of uremic pruritus mechanism, could be decreased uremic pruritus of hemodialysis patients.
Hesamodin Askari Majdabadi , Mohsen Soleimani , Majid Mirmohammadkhani , Elham Zamanipoor,
Volume 78, Issue 11 (February 2021)
Volume 78, Issue 11 (February 2021)
Abstract
Background: Infection is a vital problem in intensive care units. Currently, chlorhexidine solution is used to reduce oral colonization. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of chlorhexidine solution on oropharyngeal bacterial colonization in hospitalized patients in the intensive care units.
Methods: This descriptive study (from August 2018 to May 2019) was performed on 60 patients who administered in medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in one of the university hospitals in Semnan city. Patients admitted to (ICUs) were selected according to inclusion criteria. At the time of admission to the intensive care unit, oropharyngeal colonization of patients was assessed. Forty-eight hours after admission and using the chlorhexidine solution 0.2% three times a day, oropharyngeal colonization was assessed again. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software, version. 22 in the significant level of 0.05.
Methods: This descriptive study (from August 2018 to May 2019) was performed on 60 patients who administered in medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in one of the university hospitals in Semnan city. Patients admitted to (ICUs) were selected according to inclusion criteria. At the time of admission to the intensive care unit, oropharyngeal colonization of patients was assessed. Forty-eight hours after admission and using the chlorhexidine solution 0.2% three times a day, oropharyngeal colonization was assessed again. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software, version. 22 in the significant level of 0.05.
|
Results: This study showed most of the patients in this study were male (80%) with mean age of 45.23±15.19 years. Most patients were transferred from the emergency department to intensive care units and had endotracheal tubes. At the time of admission to the intensive care unit, 8 patients were infected with E. coli and 6 patients were infected with Klebsiella. The results also showed that the use of chlorhexidine 0.2% had no significant effect on the reduction of micro-organisms in the oropharyngeal area. Forty-eight hours after admission to ICUs, the incidence of E. coli infection increased (P=0.01) but there was no significant increase in the klebsiella infection rate (P=0.25).
Conclusion: This study showed that the use of chlorhexidine solution 0.2% did not affect the reduction of micro-organisms in the oropharyngeal areas of patients. Therefore, oral care protocols that include mechanical movements and toothbrushing should be considered to reduce the occurrence of micro-organisms. This study also found that most patients who were referred to the intensive care unit were contaminated with pathogenic micro-organisms. Therefore, consideration should be given to appropriate strategies to reduce infections in the emergency department. |
Firoozeh Raisi , Seyyed Taha Yahyavi, Zahra Shahvari , Ehsan Kazemi Khaledi , Mehdi Soleimani, Agaah Ashrafi,
Volume 79, Issue 10 (January 2022)
Volume 79, Issue 10 (January 2022)
Abstract
Background: Patients with severe mental illnesses are more prone to experience sexual health problems. Herein, we developed a "Safe Sex Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire for Patients with Severe Mental Illnesses"(SSKBQ-SMI).
Methods: The present study was conducted in the form of methodological research in 4 stages. In the first stage, items of the questionnaire were selected and the item pool was formed by using similar studies and experts' opinions. During the next steps, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed using content validity, face validity, reliability and construct validity. The content validity was tested using the Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio. The charts of content validity were given to 13 specialists expert in sexual health including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, gynecologists, urologists, and infectious disease specialists. The reliability was tested by using the test-retest method in 70 patients with two-week intervals. The construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis in 265 patients. The internal consistency was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha index.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the form of methodological research in 4 stages. In the first stage, items of the questionnaire were selected and the item pool was formed by using similar studies and experts' opinions. During the next steps, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed using content validity, face validity, reliability and construct validity. The content validity was tested using the Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio. The charts of content validity were given to 13 specialists expert in sexual health including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, gynecologists, urologists, and infectious disease specialists. The reliability was tested by using the test-retest method in 70 patients with two-week intervals. The construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis in 265 patients. The internal consistency was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha index.
|
Results: After determining the content and face validity, a tool was obtained with 16 True/False items in the knowledge section (with one score for each correct answer and the total score range from 0 to 16) and 16 five-point Likert scale items in the behavior section (with each question score range from 0 to 3 and the total behavior score range from 0 to 48, the lower score defined safer behavior). The correlation coefficient of the scale scores in the test-retest method was calculated to be 0.880 (P<0.001) and 0.951 (P<0.001) in the sections of knowledge and behavior, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.809 for the section of knowledge, 0.756 for the section of behavior, and 0.782 for the whole questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of 4 factors in the knowledge section and 3 factors in the behavior section.
Conclusion: The present 32-item questionnaire was designed based on experts' opinions and important statements of patients about sexual health, simple scoring, good reliability and validity, is a suitable tool for assessing the safe sex knowledge and behavior in patients with severe mental illnesses. |
Related Websites
Site Keywords
Cardiology, Anatomy, Biology, Epidemiology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Physical therapy, Physiology, Dermatology, Endocrinology and metabolicSite Statistics
- Registered users: 7722 users
- Online users: 1 users
- Guest users: 894 users
- All visits: 15241568 visits
- Visits in 24 Hours: 12425 visits
- Total articles: 11209 articles
- Published articles: 4922 articles
© 2024 , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, CC BY-NC 4.0
Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb