Showing 97 results for Bani
Ahdie Karbalaei Shabani , Fares Najari , Alireza Jannani , Khadijeh Ezoji , Mohammad Reza Montazer Khorasan , Hossein Masoumi , Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal ,
Volume 77, Issue 11 (February 2020)
Abstract
Background: Botulism is mostly caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin which has been described as a bilateral symmetric descending flaccid paralysis. Preventing and responding to botulism outbreaks is a public health emergency. In this study, the disease is reported in a family.
Methods: In a case series study, during an outbreak, four members of a family with symptoms including paralysis, ptosis, blurred vision, diplopia, weakness, dysphagia, dry mouth, respiratory problems, vertigo, and lethargy, referred to Loghman Hospital of Tehran. Among the patients was an elderly woman and a pregnant woman. All clinical signs and symptoms of the patients were recorded daily in a researcher-made questionnaire from 27 August to 3 September 2018. At the time of admission, vital signs (pulse rate, respiration rate, and body temperature) of patients were stable and within normal limits. Following clinical suspicion of food-borne botulism in these patients, samples of the first two patients, including serum, stool, gastric secretions, and homemade whey were sent to the Botulism Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Pasteur Institute of Iran for the mouse bioassay.
Results: Type A neurotoxin was detected in homemade whey after the mouse bioassay. Therefore, foodborne botulism was confirmed in patients with laboratory results. Patients included two men and two women with a mean age of 52.7 years old. The length of hospitalized days was between 2 and 6 days. Two of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients under study were fully recovered with timely diagnosis of the disease, treatment with antitoxin, and supportive care.
Conclusion: When conscious patients referred to the hospital with symptoms of paralysis, foodborne botulism is an important differential diagnosis. On-time diagnosis and antitoxin treatment can prevent serious complications.
Mohammadreza Emamhadi , Ashkan Asgari-Gashtroudkhani , Roxana Emamhadi , Samaneh Ghorbani-Shirkouhi , Sasan Andalib,
Volume 78, Issue 2 (May 2020)
Abstract
Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome, a neuropathy of ulnar nerve, is the second most common entrapping syndrome in the upper limb surpassing carpal tunnel syndrome. This syndrome arises from a high pressure decompressing the nerve for a long time. Patients with cubital tunnel syndrome show numbness in the ring and small fingers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the etiology of cubital tunnel syndrome in patients who underwent surgery for treatment of the syndrome.
Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of 100 patients who underwent surgery for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome at Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital, Rasht, Iran from March 2008 to March 2017, were checked. The etiology of cubital tunnel syndrome including inflammatory, tumoral, vascular, orthopedic causes and anomalies in nerve site and information about age, gender, job, and weight were collected and analyzed.
Results: In this study, the mean±SD of age was 33.8±11.5 years. Females and males constituted 21% and 79% of the cases, respectively. Idiopathic and orthopedic etiologies were seen in 84% and 13% of the operated cases, respectively. Vascular, tumoral, and inflammatory causes were found in 1% of the cases. Regarding location of nerve involvement, 57% of the cases had the ulnar nerve entrapment between MCL (medial collateral ligament) and Osborne ligaments; and in 22% of the cases, the cubital tunnel was involved. Arcade of Struthers and medial epicondyle and medial intermuscular septum were involved in 8%, 8%, and 5% of the patients, respectively. Forty-five percent of the cases performed a repetitive manual task by hand and 1.9% of cases were vibrator workers. Moreover, 12.4% of cases had a history of cubitus valgus or cubitus varus. Finally, 20.9% and 18% of the cases suffered from obesity (BMI>30) and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Furthermore, one patient had a history of head injury with contractions of upper limb flexion and one patient had arthritis of medial epicondylitis.
Conclusion: The evidence from the present study indicates that the idiopathic cubital tunnel syndrome constituted the bulk of involvement on ulnar nerve in the patients. Job, obesity, and diabetes were the most important accompanying factors with cubital tunnel syndrome.
Leila Vali, Reza Goudarzi, Golnaz Azari, Rahil Ghorbani Nia,
Volume 78, Issue 7 (October 2020)
Abstract
Background: Currently many hospitals around the country face increasing demands of their patients and readmission.The rate of readmission is a useful indicator for determining the performance of healthcare system and it shows the quality of services in the medical institutions. Readmissions have high economic, social and financial impact and studying the related factors seems to be high priority for healthcare systems.
Methods: This qualitative study performed by phenomenological method in three educational hospitals in Kerman from April to September of 2017. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews using targeted sampling among all patients who were hospitalized at internal medicine wards, nurses who were working in those wards, and in charge physicians. In total twenty patients, fifteen nurses, and five physicians were selected for interviews. The including criteria were for patients, the history of hospitalization at least once, during one month after the initial hospitalization, and for service providers, familiarity with the subject, work experience in the relevant department of at least three years for nurses and five years for physicians. A seven-step clustering method was used to analyze the data.
Results: The analysis of the interviews led to the identification of three main themes and 11 sub-themes. The main themes included patients' characteristics, manpower and clinical factors, hospital, and environmental factors. Some of the sub-codes included economic and living conditions, marriage status, insurance coverage, patients' beliefs and expectations, the presence or absence of underlying disease, education, lifestyle habits, dietary beliefs of hospitalized patients, lack of trust in medical staff, communication and cultural barriers, ignorance of service providers in treatment, lack of facilities, lack of motivation in medical staff, stressors and finally lack of hospital equipment.
Mina Khanhoseini, Hossein Sheybani, Salman Daliri, Zahra Hadadi, Hengameh Khosravani,
Volume 79, Issue 3 (june 2021)
Abstract
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the causes of disability and death. Levels of Uric acid, blood glucose, and dyslipidemia are the risk factors for the disease, but their role in electrocardiographic changes has not been studied. Based on this, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between some demographic and clinical characteristics with electrocardiographic changes.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 484 patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome admitted to Shahroud Imam Hossein Hospital from the beginning of January to the end of June 2018. In this study, the relationship between demographic, clinical and laboratory variables in patients with the acute coronary syndrome with STE, STD, Dynamic changes and inverted T waves were investigated. The required information was extracted from the Patients' records using the researcher-made checklist. Statistical analysis of data was conducted by using descriptive tests for estimating mean and frequency and statistical-analytical tests including chi-square and ANOVA were performed by SPSS software version 22.
Results: The results show that the proportion of STD deviations in women with ACS was 12.6% higher than in men, but the proportion of STE and Dynamic changes in men was 10.4% and 12.2% higher than women, respectively. The proportion of STD, STE, inverted T and Dynamic changes in people with hyperlipidemia was 67.8%, 77.6%, 64.7% and 75.8%, respectively. The proportion of STD, STE, inverted T and Dynamic changes in patients with hypertension were 0.12%, 5.1%, 11.2%, and 19.1%, respectively that there was a difference with patients without high blood pressure. Between addiction, fasting blood sugar and LDL with STD; Between History of heart disease, history of angiography, hypertension, creatinine and WBC with STE; and between creatinine and fasting blood sugar statistically significant differences were observed.
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Conclusion: There were significant correlations between electrocardiogram changes, gender, addiction, hypertension, creatinine, LDL level, fasting glucose and white blood cell count.
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Seyed Morteza Heidari, Hamid Reza Shatabi, Elnaz Marzabani,
Volume 79, Issue 3 (june 2021)
Abstract
Background: Control of bleeding during dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery is of particular importance and controlling the body's hemodynamic responses to stress effectively reduces the amount of bleeding during surgery and improves the surgical area. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of two
-drug combinations Labetalol-Hydralazine and Labetalol-Trinitroglycerin on hemodynamic factors during dacryocystorhinostomy surgery.
Methods: The present study is a double-blind randomized clinical trial that was performed on 71 patients who were candidates for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery. Patients enrolled in the study using computerized randomization software (Random allocation software)
.they were divided into two groups. The study was conducted from September 2016 to September 2017 in Isfahan. The amount of bleeding, the cardiovascular response of patients during and after surgery, the degree of satisfaction of the surgeon and the patient, the severity of pain, and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting were assessed, collected and analyzed.
Results: Between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics there was no significant difference
. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) during surgery and the time of staying in the recovery room (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of bleeding volume, surgeon and patient satisfaction (P=0.73), frequency of vomiting, length of stay in recovery (P=0.57), the severity of nausea (P=0.38), pain (P=0.33) and rebleeding in recovery (P=0/75).
| Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the use of labetalol with hydralazine in comparison with labetalol with trinitroglycerin has similar results in terms of hemodynamic factors as well as bleeding volume and surgeon and patient satisfaction criteria. Therefore, both of these compounds can be used to reduce bleeding and control vital signs during and after dacryocystorhinostomy surgery. |
Mohammad Ali Shaban, Asghar Ghorbani, Mohammad Kaji Yazdi , Neda Hakimian, Monir Al-Sadat Sahlabadi, Zahra Shokri, Zahra Mollah Esmaeili,
Volume 79, Issue 5 (August 2021)
Abstract
Background: Anemia has a very high prevalence across the world. Microcytic anemia is the most common nutritional disorder and a major health problem in infants and children associated with inadequate growth and development. Diagnosing anemia at the birth can be difficult. Due to the fact that conditions such as thalassemia and iron deficiency are causative factors of microcytic anemia are prevalent in Iran, early diagnosing and treating these diseases can prevent excessive costs and further complications. Therefore, recognizing the practical factors with this complication is an effective step in controlling and preventing it. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the prevalence of microcytic anemia in newborns in Baharloo Hospital in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 210 infants, which were newly born on Baharloo Hospital from march2018 to march2019. 2.5 cc cord blood sample was extracted from each infant, and microcytic anemia were diagnosed according to factors such as Hb, MCV and others parameters.
Results: in this study, we demonstrated that there is a significant association between MCH and microcytic anemia. Our results showed that the rates of newborn infants with anemia disease (Hb<13ml/dl) were 14.3% and the rates of microcytic anemia were 9.5%. There were not any significant differences between mother's age, neonatal weight and height, type of parturition, pregnancy age and parental ratio with the incidence of microcytic anemia.
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Conclusion: Anemia has a relatively high prevalence in the center of Baharloo Hospital, Tehran, Iran. So screening and further investigation for anemia and related factors are critical. According to the results of our investigation, studies showed that anemia is a multifactorial disease that depends on different factors. The existence of variable results in different studies requires evaluating more parameters that affect the incidence of microcytic anemia, such as iron deficiency, eating habits, level of parental education, and use of iron supplements in pregnancy. Management of this disease requires screening and early diagnosis for more effective treatment and reduction of its potential complications.
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Negar Abdi, Iraj Abedi, Mozafar Naserpour , Masoud Rabbani,
Volume 79, Issue 6 (September 2021)
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and the second leading cause of death in all countries of the world. The exact mechanism of prostate cancer is not known. On the other hand, early detection of prostate cancer can lead to a complete cure. Several clinical experiments including Digital Rectum Examination (DRE), biochemistry such as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), and pathology such as Trans Rectal Ultra Sonography (TRUS) are used to assess the size and spread of prostate cancer. In this study, the relationship between mean serum PSA and Gleason score as a standard method in patients with prostate cancer was compared using the parameters extracted from DCE MRI.
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Methods: This applied-fundamental study was performed on 90 patients with prostate cancer, according to McDonald's criteria who were referred to Shafa Imaging Center in Isfahan, from March 2020 to October 2020. Quantitative analysis is based on modeling the change of concentration of the contrast agent using pharmacokinetic modeling techniques. The pathologist then determined the Gleason score using anatomical landmarks (such as prostate urethra) in the same areas suspected of being cancerous. Existing commercial software captures DCE-MRI data and creates parametric maps such as Ktrans and Kep maps that can be used for diagnostic purposes.
Results: Kep and Ktrans maps showed a significant difference between healthy and cancerous tissue. Kep and Ktrans in prostate cancer were significantly higher than in healthy tissue (P<0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between DCE-MRI parameters and histopathological findings. No significant relationship was observed between Gleason score and DCE MRI parameters.
Conclusion: DCE MRI parameters significantly improve the accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer and are useful and effective for diagnosis, management, and evaluation of men with prostate cancer, but should not be considered as a substitute for tissue biopsy.
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Atlasi Safaei, Mohammad Sheibani , Yaser Azizi,
Volume 79, Issue 8 (November 2021)
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States and has become a health problem worldwide. The reported incidence of new cancer cases is estimated at 19.3 million, with a mortality rate of 10 million in the world in 2020. There are several therapeutic approaches for cancer, including chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is consuming anti-neoplastic drugs, alone or in combination. However, it causes damages to the normal cells and has many side effects. Cardiac complications are common side effects of some chemotherapy agents. Cardiac myocytes are potentially more susceptible to the long-term adverse effects of chemotherapy agents due to the less regeneration ability in cardiac cells. Moreover, heart muscle dysfunction (cardiomyopathy) and cardiovascular complications may occur in cancer survivors even a year after chemotherapy or radiation therapy and influence their quality of life. Anthracyclines are commonly used in chemotherapy; especially doxorubicin is the most widely used drug of this family. Doxorubicin is an effective anti-malignant agent prescribed for the treatment of some solid tumors (e.g. ovary, breast, and gastrointestinal cancers). Doxorubicin can cause several side effects, ranging from cancer treatment’s common side effects such as fever, nausea, and vomiting to lethal cardiac side effects. Assumed that doxorubicin has many therapeutic and cytotoxic mechanisms, cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin is very common and there is no reliable treatment for this problem. The cardiac side effects of doxorubicin during a chemotherapy regimen can be acute, chronic, or even gradually progressive and persistent after the termination of doxorubicin therapy. In patients undergoing doxorubicin therapy, reported symptoms are cardiac rhythm and blood pressure changes, pericarditis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure. The pathophysiology of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is very wide. Disruption of normal mitochondrial function, decreased amount of antioxidant factors, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an imbalance in calcium hemostasis, activation of inflammatory cytokines, targeting topoisomerase-IIβ (Top2b), and induced DNA damage are associated with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Increased doxorubicin in mitochondria activates the redox cycle that ultimately leads to the production of reactive oxygen species in both normal and tumor cells. The present review aims to investigate the cardiotoxic mechanisms of doxorubicin and explain different types of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Maral Banihashemi Torshizi , Seyed Mehdi Tabaie, Mina Sadat Naderi, Saeed Hesami Tackallou ,
Volume 79, Issue 10 (January 2022)
Abstract
Background: Skin cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer and melanoma is the deadliest kind of skin cancer in the world. Due to enhanced induction of apoptosis and ROS levels, low-level lasers can be utilized to destroy skin cancer cells. Lasers are used to treat some skin lesions. Vitamin A is beneficial in the prevention and treatment of skin cancer. Vitamin A inhibits the pathway of cancer signals in the skin and suppresses tumor growth. In this study, the combined effect of low-level laser radiation (LLL) and vitamin A on cellular factors of skin melanoma cancer cells was investigated.
Methods: An in-vitro interventional laboratory study was performed in the cell culture laboratory of Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute in 2020-2021 (July 2020 to July 2021). First, A375 skin cancer cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS. After preparation and culture of A375 cell lines, different concentrations of vitamin A (1, 5, 50, 100 μM) and LLL energy doses (1, 2, 5, 10 J/cm2) as treatments were done. Combination research of these treatments was performed to eliminate skin melanoma cancer cells. The rate of viability was determined using the MTT test, and the rate of apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry.
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Results: The results indicated that a low-level laser with energy dosages of two and 5 J/cm2 and vitamin A treatment with a concentration of 50 μM in the A375 skin cancer cell line had the lowest viability and the highest induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, the results of the combination of Vitamin A and LLL treatments showed a synergistic effect with a greater reduction in the viability of skin melanoma cells and a greater amount of apoptosis.
Conclusion: In general, vitamin A and Low-level laser diminish the viability of cancer cells. Combination therapy of Low-level laser in the effective dose with vitamin A in optimal concentration provides anti-cancer effects. Further reductions in cancer cell viability caused by vitamin A and low-level laser radiation could pave the way for a novel approach in cancer treatment.
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Kiavash Hushmandi, Mohsen Heidari , Seyedeh Omolbanin Seyed Rezaei, Alireza Bahonar, Mehdi Motififard, Hamed Gholizadeh, Mehdi Raei,
Volume 79, Issue 11 (February 2022)
Abstract
Background: The patient's position during the recovery time after arthroplasty surgery can be a factor in reducing complications and improving patients’ condition. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the knee range of motion after soft tissue repair in both flexion and extension positions of total knee arthroplasty.
Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial. The study population was all candidates for total knee arthroplasty surgery in Al-Zahra and Kashani hospitals in Isfahan from July 2011 to September 2012. The sample size was selected using the statistical formula of 88 patients and randomly divided into two groups of flexion and extension. In the first group during the knee soft tissue repair, the knee was in flexion and in the second group it was in extension and then it was repaired. Information such as age, sex, body mass index and surgical position were recorded in the checklist. The knee range of motion was measured at the end of the first, second, fourth, eighth and twelfth weeks and recorded in a checklist. In order to compare the pattern of changes in mean knee range of motion over time in the two groups, mixed linear models and conventional marginal models to generalized estimator equations were used by STATA software.
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Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the flexion and extension groups in knee range of motion. In both groups, the mean knee range of motion increased with time (P<0.001). The mean scores of knee function after the end of the twelfth week in the flexion and extension groups were 141.04±23.19 and 143.09±22.34, respectively, and this difference was not significant.
Conclusion: Soft tissue repair in a particular position is not so effective on the outcome that we want to institutionalize it by spending a considerable amount of budget for training surgeons.
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Hosein Shabani-Mirzaee , Zahra Haghshenas , Mohsen Vigeh, Armen Malekiantaghi, Kambiz Eftekhari,
Volume 80, Issue 5 (August 2022)
Abstract
Background: Due to the chronic nature of diabetes, children with type 1 diabetes are prone to a number of long-term complications. One of the most important complications of this disease is cardiovascular involvement due to atherosclerosis, which is directly related to the control of blood lipids. The use of probiotics may be effective in the process of complications in these patients by affecting fat metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral probiotics on lipid profiles in children with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: This study was conducted at Bahrami Children's Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019. In this single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 52 children with type 1 diabetes (aged 2 to 16 years) were studied. We created two groups of 26 individuals. The inclusion criteria were determined as follows: Proof of T1DM by history and information of children’s medical record. Also, the Exclusion criteria were determined in this way: Patients consuming probiotics in the last 4 weeks, gastrointestinal infections in the last 2 weeks, and presence of chronic underlying intestinal diseases. The probiotic group received, in addition to insulin therapy, a daily probiotic capsule for 90 days. The control group received only routine insulin therapy. Blood samples were taken to measure lipid profiles at the beginning and end of the trial.
Results: A total of 52 patients were included. The mean age of children was 9.3±2.9 (4 to 14 years). The mean age in the probiotic and control groups was 9.6±3.5 and 9.4±3.0 respectively. The results of this study showed that HDL-C was increased in the probiotic group compared to the control group, although it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Also, changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride were not statistically significant.
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Conclusion: In this study, the use of oral probiotics for 90 days in children with type 1 diabetes did not have a significant effect on blood lipid profiles compared to the control group.
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Hossein Ghorbani, Mohammad Ranaee, Alireza Firouzjahi, Zahra Ahmadnia, Samaneh Rouhi, Farzane Jafarian, Rouzbeh Mohammadi Abandansari , Somayeh Ahmadi Gorji,
Volume 80, Issue 5 (August 2022)
Abstract
Background: Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis is common in tropical and subtropical regions. To prevent and treat these diseases, information on the distribution and frequency of these parasites in different geographical areas is needed. Due to the importance of diseases in the northern provinces of Iran, the present study was performed to determine the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis.
Methods: From April 2011 to March 2020, stool samples from patients who were referred to Rouhani hospital in Mazandaran province, Babol, were gathered. For stool samples, microscopic detection was performed immediately using the wet expansion method, followed by a formal-ether concentration process. Based on the sample size calculation, the minimum number of patients with Strongyloides stercoralis infection was considered to be 380 patients from the years 2011-2020. Mean and standard deviation indices were used to describe quantitative data and numbers and percentages were used to describe qualitative data.
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Results: Out of the total number of 39,800 archived patient files that were reviewed, a total of 420 (1.05%) patients were confirmed for the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis in their feces. The age range of patients was 3 to 89 years. The population of male patients (249 patients) was higher than females (171 patients). In patients with positive Strongyloides stercoralis, disease symptoms were positive in 206 patients and negative in 214 patients. The most common underlying disease in patients was abdominal pain (220 patients). 271 patients received steroids.
Conclusion: Strongyloides stercoralis infection was detected in the northern region of Iran. The prevalence of this parasite was higher in men, the elderly, and people with underlying comorbidities. These results can be used to identify and compare areas where the prevalence of infection is higher. Therefore, revealing the effect of Strongyloides stercoralis infection on public health makes the need for in-depth clinical and diagnostic studies important. People with chronic diseases, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic, should be screened for parasitic diseases.
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Keihan Mostafavi, Fariba Ghorbani, Mojtaba Mokhber Dezfuli , Mahdieh Hazrati , Ehsan Alibeigi , Nafise Mohamadizade,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (November 2022)
Abstract
Background: Considering the high death rate of patients on the transplant waiting list, one of the most important ethical challenges of organ transplantation is the lack of transplant organs and different approaches to cover it.
Methods: The ethical issues of organ transplantation have been frequently reviewed recently.
Results: Currently, there are 4 sources for organ transplants, which are: a) organ transplant from animal to human b) transplant from a living donor c) transplant from a brain-dead donor d) transplant from a cardiac-dead donor or donors without a heartbeat, and tissue engineering research continues to prepare a transplantable organ. Each of them has its own limitation and specific consideration. In Iran, organ procurement from brain-dead donors and living donors are the most important sources. Many approaches have been considered to increase the number of procured organs from brain-death cases in the world, but have not yet been able to reduce the gap between supply and demand. Therefore, since the 1980s, the program of organ transplantation from cardiac death (donors with irreversible cardiac arrest) in the world has been reviewed again. Based on the classification of cardiac arrest patients, they are placed in two general categories: uncontrolled and controlled. In a controlled condition, death is predictable, and organ removal is possible by eliminating planned medical interventions and patient support. But in the uncontrolled state, death occurs accidentally, which is more likely to prolong the duration of hot ischemia. Italy's organ donation group has recently introduced type 6 deaths in patients on ECMO, which is mentioned as a semi-controlled group. This group is called donors with abnormal blood flow versus brain-dead donors with normal blood flow. In this study, ethical considerations for organ donation from NHBD were discussed. Regarding the procurement of organs from non-heart beating donors, there are many ethical considerations that include both the donors and the recipients. Considering that the clinical conditions of the brain-dead donors are sometimes very unstable, cardiac arrest may occur before organ harvesting. In these cases, donation after cardiac death is an option.
Conclusion: It is necessary to regulate the ethical considerations for organ procurement from NHBD
Sedigheh Safari, Akram Eidi, Mehrnaz Mehrabani, Mohammad Javad Fatemi , Ali Mohammad Sharifi ,
Volume 81, Issue 1 (April 2023)
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage, causing pain and loss of articular function. High glucose is a crucial inflammatory factor playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OA that induces ROS production. Since most of the current therapies for OA are short-term benefits, hence, there is high demand for finding novel therapeutic agents for OA treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells secrete important therapeutic factors that protect chondrocytes. In the current study, we investigated the protective potential of Adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium (CM-ADSC) as an alternative to cell therapy in high glucose-mediated oxidative stress in C28I2 human chondrocytes.
Methods: This experimental study was performed in the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from May 2018 to August 2020. Adipose-derived stem cells were cultured until they reached 90% confluence then washed with PBS and cultured in a FBS-free medium for 48 hours. The conditioned medium was collected and centrifuged. The protective effect of the concentration of conditioned medium on high glucose (75mM)-induced oxidative stress in C28I2 cell viability was evaluated by WST-1 assay. Total RNA was isolated from the treated and untreated cells with TRIzol reagent. The mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes including, glutathione S-transferase-P1 (GSTP1), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in treatment and non-treatment groups.
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Results: Adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium pretreatment remarkably protected C28I2 cells against high glucose. The expression of mRNA of CAT, GSTP1, and SOD1 significantly increased following treatment with the conditioned medium (50%) for 24 hours in high glucose-exposed cells as compared to the control.
Conclusion: Present study indicates that the Adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium can reduce oxidative stress. It seems that the conditioned medium may protect cartilage in the progression of osteoarthritis.
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Taibe Ruenifard, Ali Oghazyan, Mohammad Hossien Saghi , Mahdi Ghorbanian , Ayoob Rastegar, Shahram Nazari ,
Volume 81, Issue 4 (July 2023)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of heavy metals in seven types of tobacco widely consumed in the east of the country through inhalation exposure.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted from April 2022 to October 2022 in the city of Bojnord, Iran on sook of seven popular tobacco brands. Metal concentrations in sook of tobacco were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. In order to analyze the data and ensure the accuracy of the results, the amount of metals in the samples was repeated three times, and their average was analyzed. Monte Carlo software was used to assess possible risks.
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Results: The results of this study showed heavy metal concentrations in sook tobaccos were, respectively, Fe>Zn>Mn>Ba>Pb>Ni>Cu>Mo>Cr>As>Cd. The concentration of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium and molybdenum in Alrah brand tobacco was higher than other types of tobacco. So that the amounts of heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium and molybdenum for this brand were 14.2±0.05, 10.4±0.06 and 11.6±0.04 micrograms per gram, respectively. The hazard index (HI) values for different types of tobacco, including Al-Rah, Amordadsub, Al-Fakher, Al-Rubi, Mazaya, traditional flavorless, and Nakhle, were 2.64, 2.41, 2.05, 1.7, 1.49, 1.46, and 1.44, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for Amordadsub, Al-Rah, Nakhla, Mazaya, Al-Rubi, Al-Fakher, and traditional flavorless tobaccos was 2.8×10-3, 2.43×10-3, 1.72×10-3, 1.58×10-3, 1.43×10-3, 9.58×10-4, and 8.08×10-4, respectively. Lead in Alrah tobacco sook had the highest non-carcinogenic risk value with a value of 1.59.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, Alrah tobacco sook has a higher cancer and non-cancer risk than regular tobacco and can cause non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for consumers. Thus, it is necessary to regularly monitor the quality of prevalent tobacco to reduce delete human health risks.
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Babak Vahdatpour, Mohammad Shirvani, Hamidreza Jahanbani-Ardakani , Omid Alizadehkhaiyat , Sadegh Baradaran Mahdavi ,
Volume 81, Issue 4 (July 2023)
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was the transcultural adaptation of the Rotator cuff quality of life (RC-QOL) questionnaire and the determination of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire in the Persian-speaking population with rotator cuff disease.
Methods: This study was conducted in Isfahan from April 2022 to February 2023. The participants consisted of 56 people with rotator cuff pathology. The process of adapting and translating the questionnaire was done with the methodology presented previously by Beaton et al. Content validity was first tested by a group of orthopedic and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists and then through a pilot study consisting of 15 Persian-speaking patients with rotator cuff disease. Test-retest reliability was established with an intraclass correlation coefficient. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The measurement's error estimation was calculated with the standard error of the measurement. Reproducibility evaluation was measured with a 3-day interval between the completion of the test-retest questionnaire.
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Results: The age range of the participants was 34 to 68 years (55% men and 45% women). The mean (standard deviation) of the total score of the RC-QOL questionnaire was 44.33(10.81) and ranged from 17.35 to 70.88. Cronbach's alpha was 0.971, which showed high internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.99, indicating high test-retest reliability. The mean values (standard deviations) of the DASH and SPADI questionnaires were equal to 77.66(13.69) and 66.66(18.25), respectively. The results of the study showed excellent and significant convergent validity of the RC-QOL questionnaire with both the DASH and SPADI questionnaires. The correlation value with the DASH and SPADI questionnaires was equal to 0.907 and 0.941, respectively.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the RC-QOL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the quality of life in patients diagnosed with rotator cuff injuries.
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Parviz Shahabi, Jalal Abdolalizadeh, Shirin Hasanpour, Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei , Soheila Bani,
Volume 82, Issue 2 (May 2024)
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a significant medical and social issue, leading to varying degrees of sensory and motor impairments. Most men experience sexual dysfunction and fertility problems. These issues can be partially attributed to pathophysiological mechanisms, including damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Targeted antioxidant therapy can significantly reduce oxidative stress and neuro inflammation. This study sought to examine the impact of selenium and astaxanthin on sperm parameters and the recovery of sensory-motor function in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: This experimental study utilized the rat animal model and was carried out at the Neuroscience Research Center Laboratory of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from December 30, 2022, to November 27, 2023. Fifty adults male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups of ten: control, sham, SCI, selenium-supplemented, and astaxanthin-supplemented. Except for the control and sham groups, spinal cord injury was induced in all other groups. Six weeks after the injury and upon completion of the treatment, the effects of selenium and astaxanthin supplementation on sperm parameters and spinal cord repair were assessed. The Basso, Beattie, and Brenham (BBB) scale was employed to evaluate motor function, while the Von Frey test was utilized to assess sensory status.
Results: A considerable rise in sperm concentration was noted in both the selenium-fed group and the astaxanthin-fed group when compared to the spinal cord injury group (P=0.001). Supplementation with selenium and astaxanthin improved sperm concentration, progressive motility, and viability, bringing these parameters close to control levels (P<0.001). However, neither of these substances had an effect on abnormal sperm morphology (P>0.05). Both selenium and astaxanthin supplementation enhanced the motor and sensory functions of the injured rats (P<0.001), with selenium showing a greater role in promoting repair compared to astaxanthin (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Selenium and astaxanthin supplements improved sperm parameters, except for sperm morphology, and were effective in enhancing motor and sensory functions after spinal cord injury. Selenium was found to be more effective than astaxanthin in promoting spinal cord repair.
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