Moghaddam M, Sazgar Aa,
Volume 58, Issue 4 (7-2000)
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. All parts of the body can be affected but the organ most frequently affected is the lung. Otolaryngologic manifestations occur in 20% to 40% of cases of Sarcoidosis and the spectrum of lesions that may come under the purview of Otolaryngologist is broad. In this case report a patient is presented with large cervical lymphadenopathy and without other manifestation of disorder.
Shemshad K, Oshaghi Ma, Yaghoobi-Ershadi Mr, Vatandoost H, Abaie Mr, Akbarzadeh K, Telmadarraiy Z, Rafi-Nejad J, Derakhshandeh Paykar P,
Volume 65, Issue 1 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Malaria is still one of the main health problems in south and southeast provinces of Iran and recently on average 10,000-30,000 malaria cases were reported annually. Mosquitoes of Anopheles superpictus are one of the main malaria vectors in Iran and have been reported from all areas of the country including central plateau and plains of Alborz and Zagrous Mountains chains, and with low numbers in shore plains of the Persian Gulf and Caspian Sea. There are variations in larval and adult morphological characters and also in vectorial capacity of this species in different areas of Iran.
Methods: This study has been conducted to investigate rate of mtDNA variation among various populations of this species in Iran. The sequence variation of an 1512 bp length of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunits 1 and 2 (COI-COII) and an 708 bp sequences of COI gene were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and PCR-direct sequencing respectively.
Results: This study showed that there are considerable variations between and within populations. Rate of variation was 12.3 % between populations and this was 2-5% for within Baluchistan population. Totally 4 haplotypes were observed between populations where 3 occur in Baluchistan and one in other places.
Conclusion: This is the first report on existence of various haplotypes in An. superpictus in science, and presumably this species comprising siblings and is a species complex. Further studies need to confirm this result and to determine the relationship between mtDNA haplotypes and their role in malaria transmission in each locality.
Abotalebi-Chaleshtary M, Rashidy-Pour A, Vafaei Aa,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (10-2009)
Abstract
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MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background: Ample evidence indicated that
glucocorticoids, when administered after training, enhance memory consolidation
in a variety of tasks. The mechanisms underlying the enhancing effects of
glucocorticoids on memory consolidation are not well known. The aim of this
study was to determine the role of NMDA
receptors and calcium channels in glucocorticoid-induced enhancement of avoidance
memory consolidation in mice.
Methods: Experiments
were performed on 166 male albino mice (about 30gr).
The animals were trained in an inhibitory avoidance (IA) task
(0.5mA shock for 3
seconds). In Experiment 1, dose- response effects of corticosterone on
memory consolidation were determined. Immediately after training in IA task,
the animals were received different doses of corticosterone (0.3, 1 or 3mg/kg).
In Experiments 2 and 3,
effects of corticosterone on memory consolidation were examined in the presence
or absence of verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, (2.5, 5 or 20mg/kg)
or MK-801, an antagonist of NMDA
receptor (0.1mg/kg), respectively. In all experiments, retention
test was done two days later.
Results: Results
from first experiment revealed that corticosterone at dose of 0.3mg/kg
significantly improved consolidation of avoidance. Data from experiments 2 and 3
showed that both verapamil, in doses of 2.5 and 5mg/kg,
and MK801 significantly blocked corticosterone-induced enhancement
of memory consolidation.
Conclusion: Finding of this study clearly
demonstrated that the memory enhancing effects of corticosterone, at least in
part mediate via calcium channels and NMDA receptors.
