Hadadi A, Moradi-Tabriz H, Mehdipour Aghabagher B, Moslehi B, Esmaielzadeh P,
Volume 69, Issue 6 (9-2011)
Abstract
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MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: Staphylococcus aureus infection pervasively occurs in communities and
hospitals and observing related guidelines is essential in preventing development
of antibiotic resistance in Hospitals. In this study we tried to determine the
prevalence of Methicillin and vancomycine resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA
& VRSA) and find the most suitable diagnostic tool and
treatment in affected patients.
Methods: This study was performed on hospitalized patients in Sina Hospital in Tehran,
Iran during 2009-2010. Eighty-five staphylococcus
aureus samples were evaluated for resistance to oxacillin and vancomycine
by both disc diffusion and E-test methods.
Results: The study population included 46 male and 39
female patients. The mean age of the participants was 51.46±19.21
years. The MRSA frequency was 50%.
67 (78.8%) patients had hospital-acquired
staphylococcus infection. The rate of hospital-acquired MRSA
was 93%. Length of hospital stay, undergoing invasive
methods, history of antibiotic use three months prior to hospitalization and its
kind were recognized as MRSA risk factors. There
were no reports of VRSA except one case of vancomycine-intermediate
S. aureus (VISA). The results of disk effusion and E-test
methods were consistent.
Conclusion: Considering
the prevalence of methicillin resistance in hospital-acquired infections, it seems
that oxacillin should not be used as the first-line option for empiric therapy
against S. aureus till
antibiogram results are available. Disc diffusion can also be reliably used
instead of the more expensive E-test.
Ali Hosseininasab, Fatemeh Karami Robati , Fatemeh Hosseininasab , Azam Dehghani,
Volume 79, Issue 7 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections especially in children, and antibiotics affecting the cell wall do not affect this type of infection. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and macrolide resistance in children with community-acquired pneumonia in Kerman city.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a selected teaching hospital in Kerman city from July 2018 to July 2019. Fifty-one children hospitalized in the pediatric ward were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia acquired from the community. These children were included in the study by census method. The data collection tool was a standard checklist. The checklist was completed by parents. Pharynx and nasal swab samples were taken from all patients. PCR was used to identify mycoplasma.
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Results: The highest number of patients with bacterial pneumonia acquired from the community were male (52.9%). The average age of these cases was 5.52±3.93 years and the average weight of these patients was 17.23±10.55 kg. Lung involvement was one-sided in more than half of the patients. The most of lung involvements were lobar (31.4%). More than half of the patients didn’t have any associated involvement (52.9%). The most common type of associated involvement was peribronchial thickening (29.4%). The most commonly used antibiotic was Ceftriaxone (76.5%). The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with pneumonia was 2%. These children had an rRNA gene at position 2063 that had high levels of macrolide resistance.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed very low rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with bacterial pneumonia acquired from the community. Therefore, it can be concluded that in addition to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, other viral and bacterial agents are also involved in respiratory infections that need to be identified and addressed.
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