Showing 13 results for Mous
R Najafizadeh , F Gharibduost , A Khalvat ,
Volume 58, Issue 2 (5-2000)
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma, a cancer of keratinocytes origin, mostly involves sun-exposed areas of the skin. To study the pathologic and demographic features of this disease, records of 395 patients of squamous cell carcinoma of skin and lip were reviewed. Most of the patients (83%) aged 40 years or more at the time of diagnosis. Respectively, 74.4% and 75.8% of cases with skin and lower lip carcinoma were men, but in upper lip cases frequencies of both sexes were equal. The number of patients referred from western and north-western provinces were much more than those of other provinces of the country. The most frequent histologic stage was grade I (53% and 58.8% in skin and lip carcinoma, respectively), showing that most patients visit physicians early enough, and are diagnosed in early stages of the disease.
Shahab Jahanloo Ar, Keshavarz A, Shahab Jahanloo Hr, Jahani J ,
Volume 58, Issue 3 (6-2000)
Abstract
Zinc has an important role in skin health and its deficiency reduces immunity. To evaluate levels of Zinc in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of skin, we studied 44 BCC and 38 SCC cases together with 33 controls. Blood samples were taken and after separation of serum, levels of Zinc, albumin and total protein were measured by atomic absorption, albumin kit and reflectometer consecutively. Serum globulin levels were stimated by substracting albumin from total protein levels. Zinc levels were significantly lower in cancer cases than control (P<0.001). Mean serum albumin of BCC cases was significantly more than controls (P<0.01), but in BCC cases was not significantly different. Significant correlations were seen between levels of serum Zinc and albumin of SCC (R=0.507, P<0.01) and BCC (R=0.43, P<0.01) patients and controls (R=0.35, P<0.01). Mean globulin levels in cancer cases were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01). We concluded that serum Zinc and globulin levels decrease in BCC and SCC of skin.
Tootian Z, Fazeli Poor S,
Volume 61, Issue 1 (4-2003)
Abstract
In this research, the effects of heroin in the placenta of addicted mouse were studied properly.
Methods and Materials: For this reason we used of addicted female mice before, during and after gestation and also a control group of healthy mice. The male mice were in two groups of addicted and healthy. Heroin were used in concentration of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/ml in tap water. Placenta of mice separated from uterus in 17th days of gestation and compared with placenta of non addicted mice, with diameter, weight and abnormal conformations.
Results: The results showed that there were significant comparison between diameters and weights of these two groups (p<0.0001). In morphological studies, there were changes in size (small placenta, giant placenta), joining and hemorhagic state placentas.
Conclusion: According to the results we concluded that the opioids even with with very small doses can induce harmful effects on gestation and non-pure heroin in Iranian smugglery is much more harmful than the pure one.
S Fazelipour, A Shakour, Z Tootian,
Volume 64, Issue 3 (5-2006)
Abstract
Background: Heroin is a simple derivative of morphine that is the most used drug in Iran among opioids. Its harmful effects on body organs have been studied. Considering the important effects on the genital system and fertility, studying the effects of heroin on testes seems to be necessary.
Methods: In this study a total of 30 male mice (Balb/c) were selected and divided into 5 groups of control (Intact, sham I, sham II), experimental I and experimental II. After addiction of the experimental groups to heroin via intra peritoneal injection, the histological structures of testes were studied microscopically.
Results: Histological study of heroin on testes showed that the thickness of the basement membrane of the germinal epithelium and reduction in cell accumulation around some of the seminiferous tubules. Irregularity in spermatogonia, spermatocyte and spermatid, increased distance and degeneration in seminiferous tubules were observed. Increasing connective tissue between seminiferous tubules, decreased number of leydig cells, with a hypochromatic cytoplasm and reduction in their secretory granules, and congestion of testical tissue were also observed.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that heroin used in Iran can result in changes in the structure of testes. Consequently using heroin can influence the reproductive system.
M. Akrami, M. Mirshahi, K. Khajeh, H. Naderimanesh,
Volume 64, Issue 5 (8-2006)
Abstract
Background: Human plasminogen is a plasma glycoprotein synthesized mainly in the liver. Conversion of plasminogen to plasmin by plasminogen activators is a key event in the fibrinolytic system. In this study, we investigated the effects of two anti-human plasminogen monoclonal antibodies, A1D12 and MC2B8 on Glu-plasminogen activation in presence of u-PA, t-PA and streptokinase.
Methods: Producing of Hybridoma antibodies was performed by fusion of spleen cells from BALB/C mice immunized with Glu-plasminogen and NS1 myeloma cells. Antibody binding to Human Glu-plasminogen was assessed using an ELISA assay. Activation of plasminogen was determined by measuring plasmin generation using the chromogenic substrate S-2251 and the effect of monoclonal antibodies, A1D12 and MC2B8 on plasminogen activation in solution was then evaluated. Initial rates and kinetic parameters of plasminogen activation in the presence of monoclonal antibodies were calculated. The effect of the monoclonal antibody MC2B8 on the rate of plasmin hydrolysis was measured. The effect of F(ab&apos)2 fragment of A1D12 on u-PA catalyzed-plasminogen activation also compared with the effect of the whole antibody in this reaction.
Results: ELISA assay showed that the antibodies reacted well with antigens. A1D12 increased the maximum velocity (Vmax) of plasminogen activation by each of the three plasminogen activators and MC2B8 decreased it. In all activation reactions, the KM value of plasminogen activation did not significantly change in the presence of antibody A1D12 whereas antibody MC2B8 increased the KM value of plasminogen activation by u-PA, fibrin monomer dependent t-PA and streptokinase. Monoclonal antibody MC2B8 had no significant effect on plasmin hydrolysis rate of synthetic substrate S-2251. Activation rate of plasminogen by u-PA in the lower concentration of F (ab)2 fragment of A1D12 was identical to activation in the presence of the whole antibody.
Conclusion: The binding of the A1D12 F(ab) region to Glu-plasminogen increases the catalytic efficiency of plasminogen activation by plasminogen activators. Therefore, it may be useful to apply clinically A1D12 for the therapy of thromboembolic events such as myocardial infarction by humanizing the F(ab) fragment of the A1D12 antibody. Inhibition pattern of antibody MC2B8 obey the mixed type of enzyme inhibition by binding the antibody probably at, or near, the cleavage site of Glu-plasminogen.
Yarandi F, Izadi Mood N, Eftekhar Z, Niakan R, Tajziachi S,
Volume 65, Issue 14 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer of the women
worldwide. It is also an important cause of cancer-related mortality in women, after breast
cancer. Nearly half million of new cases are identified yearly. The incidence rate in
developing countries is greater than the developed countries. Epidemiologic studies have
shown that the association of genital human papilloma virus (HPV) with cervical cancer is
strong, independent of other risk factors, and consistent in several countries. The aim of
this study was to determine the frequency of HPV in patients with high grade cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia (CINIII, CIN II) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of cervix.
Methods: Hundred specimens from patients with SCC and CINIII, CIN II, confirmed by
histological review, referring to Mirza Koochak Khan Hospital from 1999-2004 were
enrolled in a cross sectional study. Polymerase chain reaction was utilized for identification
and typing of HPV DNA. To increase the sensitivity of HPV detection, nested PCRs were
performed using MY09/MY11 as outer and GP5/GP6 as inner primers.
Results: It was possible to extract 77 of 100 specimens that HPV DNA was detected in 47 of
77 specimens. Infection with HPV was present in 32 specimens (86.5%) among SCC patients
and in 15 specimens (37.5%) among CINIII, CIN II patients. The most frequent HPV types in
SCC patients were HPV 16 and 18 (59.38%) and then 33 (34.38%) and in CINIII, CIN II
patients was 16 (53.33%) and 18 (40%). the most frequent co-infection in both groups was
HPV 16 and 18 which was present in 40.62% and 26.7% of cases respectively.
Conclusions: The most frequent HPV types in patients with SCC and CINIII, CIN II
was 16 and 18 that is identical to many other countries infection pattern.
Madani Kermani Z, Khorsandi Mt, Yazdani N, Mirashrafi F,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (10-2009)
Abstract
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Background: Neck
lymph node metastasis has the prognostic role in SCC of the tongue and the
importance of the biologic markers in tumor invasion and metastasis has been
stated in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
relationship between two biomarkers, p53 and EGFR (which had the main role in cell proliferation) and
two other biomarkers, CD44 and E-cadherin, in lymph node metastasis.
Methods: In an analytic descriptive study fifty three patients
with SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma) of the tongue who underwent the resection of
tumor and dissection of neck lymph nodes were assessed during the year of 2002-2009.
Histological samples from 53 patients were immunohistochemically stained and the
analysis of these markers were performed due to clinicopathological variable
and metastasis of the neck lymph nodes.
Results: The result showed that among the clinicopathological
factors, the relationship between Age (p=0.01), history of having risk factors (p=0.002), clinical
lymphadenopathy (p=0.002), the size of the tumor (p=0.001),
decreasing of CD44 (p=0.02) and lymph node metastasis of
the neck were statistically significant. No significant relationship were found
between sex and other biomarkers including p53, EGFR, E-cadherin.
Conclusion: CD44 is an important
indicator of prognostic markers that can also be used as an indicator of
clinocopathological markers.
Izadi-Mood N, Sarmadi S, Heydari-Farzan F, Haeri H, Forouhesh-Tehrani Z,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (7-2011)
Abstract
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Background: Cancer of uterine cervix is the second cause of death in women in the world and
the most common cause in developing countries. Because the majority of women with
invasive cervical cancer of the uterine have not previously undergone screening,
many clinicians assume that Pap smear has a high degree of accuracy but
problems such as false positive and false negative interpretations, as well as interobserver
variability have questioned its validity.
Methods : We retrieved 162 positive cervical
smears that had been originally interpreted as ASC-US, ASC-H,
LSIL, HSIL, SCC, AGC and adenocarcinoma from the cytology archives
of Women's Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The slides were rescreened by an
experienced pathologist and reclassified in the mentioned categories. All the 162
slides were reviewed by three more pathologists in a blind study using
interpretative criteria utilized in their daily routine to evaluate
interobserver reproducibility. To increase the level of interobserver
agreement, the diagnostic categories were reduced to squamous Vs.
glandular abnormalities and invasive (SCC
and adenocarcinoma) Vs.
non-invasive abnormalities.
Results : The results obtained in this study indicated slight interobserver agreement (k=0.26).
The most reproducible category was the invasive category (SCC
in addition to adenocarcinoma) and the least agreement was seen for HSIL
(k=0.19).
Conclusion: This study showed that reproducibility of cytological interpretation of
conventional Pap smears varies among interpretive categories and the overall interobserver
agreement is slight. Since convening on the reduction of interobserver
discrepancy in Pap smear interpretations necessitates more reliable information
of interpretative variability, larger studies need to be undertaken.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mokarrari S, Yazdi Mh, Paymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T, Shirazi L, Mahdavi M,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Background: Regarding the immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus bacteria, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus reuteri, as probiotic bacteria, on natural killer cell cytotoxicity and tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation in Balb/c mice with breast adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A total of 30 female mice, aged 6- 8 weeks and with a weight of approximately 17- 19 g, were randomly divided into two groups of 15 mice. The case group received Lactobacillus reuteri at a dose of 2.7× 108 bacteria in half a milliliter of sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and the control group only received PBS. The probiotic group received the regimen for two weeks prior to tumor transplantation, as they did for 30 days after transplantation with three-day intervals and durations of seven days. For the evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity and also tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation response, LDH and BrdU assays were performed respectively according to the manufacturers' instructions.
Results: The study showed that the mice in the case group which were receiving Lactobacillus reuteri had statistically significant differences in the replication of tumor -specific lymphocytes, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and delayed hypersensitivity responses Compared to the mice in the control group.
Conclusion: Daily consumption of probiotics seems to regulate the immune system and consequently it can be helpful in people with cancer. Moreover, consumption of probiotics in healthy individuals can also boost the efficiency of the immune system against a variety of abnormalities.
Haideh Haeri , Ghazaleh Shaker , Fahimeh Asadi Amoli , Minoo Ahmadinejad ,
Volume 71, Issue 7 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: It is rare to find squamous metaplasia in the thyroid gland. Its existence is usually seen in association with a pathological lesion such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. In most cases the squamous cells are few in number and squamous metaplasia is focal and small in size. Extensive squamous metaplasia of the thyroid gland is a very rare finding.
Case Presentation: We report a case of massive squamous metaplasia in Hashimoto thyroiditis in a 53 year-old- male with a four year history of hypothyroidism. Also seen in the history is impaired thyroid function tests of low T3 and T4 levels with rise in TSH. The patient currently presented with neck discomfort and a somewhat firm nodular neck mass. Ultrasonography revealed heterogeneous nodular enlargement of both thyroid lobes and a calcified nodule of the left lobe. Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid nodule was performed which reported findings suspicious for malignancy. Based on these findings the patient underwent total thyroidectomy.
Conclusion: In this article we address the causes and sources of massive squamous metaplasia in the thyroid gland. We also discuss the histopathologic differential diagnostic lesions which could be the cause of potential pitfalls encountered in the interpretation of the cytopathology and histopathology of such lesions arising in this gland.
Razieh Zarifian Yeganeh , Abbas Shakoori Garakani , Saman Mehrabi , Nader Ebadi, Maziar Motiee Langroudi , Mohammad Reza Noori Daloii,
Volume 75, Issue 7 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the malignancy of squamous cells (the epidermal layer of skin) in cavities in head and neck includes: larynx, pharynx, paranasal sinuses and oral cavity. The main goal of this research was to understand the effect of mutations in two important genes (KRAS and BRAF) in RAS/MAP kinase (EGFR) signaling pathway in tumor cells with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Iran.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study performed from October 2015 to September 2016 on 40 patients suffering from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, all confirmed by pathology department of Imam Khomeini hospital. Tumor samples were achieved from the surgical cancer department of Imam Khomeini hospital and stored in liquid nitrogen until starting tests. The tests done in genetic laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Techniques we used in this research, were DNA extraction based on phenol-chloroform approach, Multiplex PCR (M-PCR) to amplify mentioned exons and KRAS/BRAF strip assays to detect mutations in mutated hotspots in exon 2 of KRAS and codon V600E in BRAF gene.
Results: In this study, we observed 7 mutations in codons 12 and 13 exon 2 in KRAS gene (about 17.5%) and 4 mutations in codon V600E in BRAF gene (about 10%) of obtained tumor samples. The hotspot mutation in codon 12 were Asp (10%) and Ser (5%) respectively. In BRAF, the most common mutation, as we expected according to other researches, was observed in codon V600E. We also observed that 29 people of these patients were male (about 72.5%) and 11 patients were female (about 27.5%). Moreover, 28 patients were over 50 years, while 7 patients were below the age of 50.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that mutations in genes KRAS and BRAF especially in studied hotspots, and the effects on their molecules in EGFR signaling pathway are important in involving head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, as other cancers. These findings may be considered in choosing drugs for targeted chemotherapy.
Zohreh Dalirsani, Atessa Pakfetrat, Nasrollah Saghravanian, Negin Samiee, Elahe Vazavandi,
Volume 79, Issue 8 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOC) of the mouth is a very rare but well-known carcinoma. It is locally invasive and its prognosis is quite poor. It may originate from the walls of an odontogenic cyst or de novo from the remnant epithelium at this region. Because the early symptoms of such malignancies are sometimes similar to those of inflammatory or periodontal diseases, early diagnosis is the most important step toward appropriate treatment.
Case Presentation: The case was a 46-year-old female with a sudden luxation of two posterior mandibular molars referred to a general dentist in May 2019. With diagnosis of periodontitis, the teeth were extracted without finding the cause of the tooth luxation. After four months, because of pain, swelling and non-healing socket of extracted teeth she referred to the department of Oral medicine in Mashhad Faculty of Dentistry. The patient was healthy with no systemic disease, drug history or familial history of cancer and no history of trauma, habits, tobacco, alcohol, and smoking. ln clinical examination, a nodular swelling with extensive ulcer and rolled borders along with hyperkeratosis and erythema on the posterior part of the right mandibular ridge was observed. The Extraoral examination revealed a tender mobile lymph node in the right submandibular region. After radiographic evaluation, with an initial diagnosis of SCC originated from the socket of extracted mandibular molars, incisional biopsy was performed, and histopathological analysis of the specimen revealed a primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (grade II) and then necessary treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) were performed.
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Conclusion: Dentists should know that any sudden changes in the mouth or teeth such as tooth luxation should be considered as a possible sign of malignancy. With proper diagnosis and early initiation of treatment, the prognosis of the disease can be improved and the patient can be treated with minimal complications of necessary treatments of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.
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Behzad Iranmanesh, Ali Morsali, Nazanin Zeinali Nezhad ,
Volume 83, Issue 2 (5-2025)
Abstract
Background: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are among the most prevalent malignancies globally. Investigating their characteristics and treatment-related outcomes can significantly contribute to optimizing management strategies including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of NMSCs and the complications following surgical treatment (such as necrosis and bleeding).
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted to investigate the features of patients initially diagnosed with NMSC (confirmed by histopathological examination of the lesion) at dermatology ward of Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, between 2018 and 2021. Inclusion criteria were definitive diagnosis (based on the result of pathology) of an NMSC and undergoing surgical management. Exclusion criteria included incomplete patient records. Relevant data were extracted and recorded using a data collection form. Finally, all collected information was statistically analyzed according to the study objectives, and the overall frequency of NMSC surgeries, as well as their frequency based on study variables, was reported descriptively.
Results: A total of 37 NMSC surgeries were performed. The majority were basal cell carcinomas located on the face. Over half of the patients were male, and most had underlying medical conditions despite lacking common risk factors such as smoking and sun exposure. The most common flap techniques used were rotational flap, island pedicle flap, and H-plasty flap. Two complications were observed: one case of bleeding at the surgical site and one case of wound edge necrosis, both occurring one week post-operation.
Conclusion: In the southeastern region of Iran, NMSCs requiring surgical treatment showed a lower prevalence than anticipated. However, their pathological and demographic characteristics were consistent with global observations. The incidence of post-surgical complications was also low. Nevertheless, future studies with larger sample sizes in this region and across the country are recommended to enhance the reliability of these findings.
