Showing 4 results for Sex Determination
Sargolzaei Aval F, Naraghei Ma, Tofighei H, Sobhani A,
Volume 58, Issue 2 (5-2000)
Abstract
Sex determination is the first step in identification of dead body and hip bone or its components are reliable in sex discrimination. The present study was done to determine the applicability of some osteometric parameters of human hip bone in sex identification. Sixteen different variables for the anterior border of 50 human hip bones from a skeletal collection were studied. Statistically significant difference were detected between means in relation to sex for four variables, including: distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle, distance from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the iliopubic eminence, distance from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle and length of the notch between the anterior inferior iliac spine and the iliopubic eminence. These variables could be used for sex determination of the unknown human hip bones.
Razieh Mohammad Jafari , Mojgan Barati , Saeed Bagheri , Zeinab Shajirat ,
Volume 72, Issue 5 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background: Early detection of fetal gender can provide an alarm for parents who complicated by genetic disorders. Moreover, the invasive tests are used for detecting any sex-specific genetic syndromes before 12 weeks of gestation. This study was de-signed to discover any association between placental location and fetal gender between 11 to 13+6 weeks of gestation.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 singleton pregnant women. They were referred for Down syndrome screening sonography to prenatal clinic, Imam Khomeini Hospital a tertiary referral university affiliated hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, in 2013. Women were included if they are singleton and at 11 to 13(+6) weeks gestational age. Exclusion criteria were multifetal, ectopic pregnancies, or dead fetus. Information about placental location (upper, middle, below, anterior, posterior), gravidity, and fetal gender were recorded. All participants of our study were evaluated by one trained gy-necologist in ultrasound examinations during nuchal translucency (NT) examinations. Ultrasonography was performed using the Accuvix V10 OB/GYN ultrasound. All patients were followed-up till delivery for confirming the predicted gender. Information regarding gender of newborn were collected using medical chart review or by phone contact.
Results: Among 200 placenta which had been assessed, 103 (51.5%) were anterior and 97 (48.5%) were posterior. Our results showed that 75 (72.8%) from girl cases had an anterior placenta, while just 28 (27.2%) from boy cases had an anterior placenta (P< 0.001). In addition, there was significant association between placental location regard-ing below, middle, and upper and fetal gender.
Conclusion: According to our results, an anterior and posterior positions of the placen-ta had significant relation with fetal gender. Our findings are consistent with previous studies regarding prediction of fetal gender using placental location. We suggest that more research with large sample size is required as well as investigations with more de-tails about placental locations.
Fateme Noorian Zavareh, Maryam Ameri , Roya Kordrostami , Nahid Dadashzade ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Abstract
Background: Sex determination from human remains is a challenge for forensic experts. Many studies have shown that the finger length ratios might be characteristic for sexual dimorphism. The aim of this study was to determine sexual dimorphism in finger length ratios among Iranian population.
Methods: The study group comprised of a random sample of 100 healthy people without congenital or acquired skeletal malformation or other obvious diagnosed disease, with the age range from 19 to 35 years in Tehran and Kashan cities, Iran, from March to the end of August of 2017. The number of male and female samples were equal. The lengths of second (2D), third (3D), forth (4D) and fifth (5D) finger of both hands were measured from the basal crease of the finger proximal to the palm to the tip of the finger using a ruler with a precision of 0.01 millimeters. Exploratory analysis were performed. Different finger ratios including 2D:3D, 2D:4D, 2D:5D, 3D:4D, 3D:5D and 4D:5D were calculated.
Results: The mean ratio of right fingers R 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, 3:4, 3:5, 4:5 and mean ratio of left fingers L 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, 3:4, 3:5, 4:5 were not equal in the groups compared. The index and ring finger ratio is found to be higher in males than females. Ratios of L 2:4, 3:4 and R 2:3, 2:4, 2:5 showed higher values in males.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the 2D:4D ratio is the most decisive ratio which can demarcate between male and female in Iranian population. It may prove useful to determine the sex of an isolated hand in medicolegal examinations.
Maryam Ameri , Soheila Ghorbani, Ebrahim Ameri , Forouzan Fares ,
Volume 76, Issue 8 (11-2018)
Abstract
Background: In forensic anthropological identification, we usually use body remains. Accurate sex estimation from these remains is very important and needs the knowledge of specific population standards of that area. Sometimes, human remains are damaged by environmental circumstances. So, we must examine single bones for sex estimation. One of the relatively resistant bones to environmental conditions are hand bones. Specific hand phalanges and metacarpals have significantly different dimensions in two sexes depending to each population and can be a helpful tool to estimate the gender of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of estimating gender using phalanges and metacarpals dimensions in Iranian people.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted on the X-ray images of adult people hands between the months of March and September 2017. They referred to Shafayahyaian Hospital, the educational and referral center of orthopedic disease of Iran University of Medical Sciences, in Iran. 200 adult persons (100 male and 100 female) without any background of specific disease, entered in our study. In each case, the length of D: distal phalanx, M: middle phalanx, P: proximal phalanx, MC: metacarpal, Fl: finger length, and T: total (Distal phalanx+middle phalanx+proximal phalanx+soft tissue of the finger tip) were measured in millimeter and reported in ratio. All analyses were done using SPSS software, version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results: Student t-test showed that many ratios were significantly different between two genders. It is concluded that the length ratio of metacarpals and phalanges could be used for sex determination. The most valuable ratios were FL1/FL3 and MC4/MC5. Multivariate logistic regression test reported an equation by which the gender is predictable. Z= 5.856+ -3.904 X FL1/FL3+ -1.865 X MC4/MC5.
Conclusion: If “Z=0”, the gender is male and if “Z=1”, it is female without any doubt. In our knowledge, this study provides the first population sex estimation formulae from the hand bones in Iranian population. However, we need further studies in larger groups to use this equation for sex determination in forensic contexts.
