Showing 3 results for Anatomic Variation
Fereydoon Sargolzaei Aval , Azim Hedayatpour ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background: The anatomy of the palmar vascular arches and their variations, being one of the most challenging anatomical regions for reconstructive surgeon.
Case Presentation: During a routine dissection of a male adult cadaver in dissection hall of zahedan university of medical sciences, a complex, unilateral and rare variation in the pattern of blood supply to the palm of the right hand was observed. The history of the individual and cause of the death is not known. In this cadaver there was an incomplete superficial palmar arterial arch had no contribution from the radial artery. The superficial palmar arch giving only one common palmar digital artery, that supply second interdigital space and then it terminated by giving rise to a common trunk for princeps pollicis and radialis indicis arteries. Absence of the second and third common palmar digital artery with the contiguous sides of the third and forth interdigital spaces supply by the second and third palmar metacarpal arteries from the deep palmar arch respectively. The third palmar metacarpal artery giving rise to a branch which supplies the medial side of the little finger.
Conclusion: Having knowledge of the variations of vascular patterns resulting from a number of developmental errors could provide an important source of information for Anatomists, Radiologist, reconstructive and vascular surgeons.
Mahdi Hamzehtofigh , Rezvan Rahimifar , Parvindokht Bayat,
Volume 78, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background: The supratrochlear foramen (STF) is an important and relatively common anatomic variation in the lower end of the humerus in humans. In recent years it has become clear that STF should be emphasized because anatomical knowledge of STF is useful for anatomists, anthropologists, orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists. The anatomical structure of the humerus may play an important role in the intramedullary fixation thereby stressing the need of prior anatomical knowledge and preoperative planning in the presence of variations like STF in the distal end of the humerus. This study focuses on STF in the distal of the humerus bone and as well as the intertubercular sulcus (ITS) in the Iranian population.
Methods: This study was performed on 57 adult human humeral bones regardless of their gender at Arak University of Medical Sciences in Iran that it was done from October 2014 to March 2015. A total of 57 dried humerus (27 right side and 30 left side) were examined to determine the presence of supratrochlear foramen and septum. They were free from any pathological changes and fractures. The STF was analyzed for morphology and morphometric correlation.
Results: STF was found in only four cases (6.8%) of the humerus bones, two cases (3.4%) on the left and two cases (3.4%) on the right. The shape of the STF was oval, round and triangular. The mean STF transverse diameter in the right bones was 2.60±2.68 mm and in the left bones 0.57±0.31 mm and the mean vertical STF diameter in the right and left bones were 1.75±1.76 mm and 0.55±0.07 mm, respectively.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the shape of the STF and its number in the right and left bones. Twenty-seven bones (47%) out of 53 bones without supratrochlear foramen (STF) had septum.
Reza Soltani, Fakhroddin Aghajanpour , Mohsen Norozian, Gholamreza Hasanzadeh, Hojjatallah Abbaszadeh, Fatemeh Fadaei,
Volume 79, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background: The Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL) and the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) are muscles of the posterior forearm compartment. variations in this area of the forearm are common and are usually diagnosed during surgery. Sometimes these variations are symptomatic and can be helpful in clinical procedures such as surgery. Diagnosis and identification of abnormalities can be used in academic studies to evaluate limb function. Reporting such variations is important in clinical practice and will help treat limb dysfunction. In this report, we report two cases of ECRL and ECRB muscle tendon variations in the upper third of the forearm.
Case presentation: During routine dissection of the body of a 70-year-old man fixed in 10% formalin in the Department of Biology and Anatomy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, two cases of ECRL and ECRB muscle tendon variations were observed in the upper third of the left forearm. The fascia of the ECRL and ECRB muscles were separated, and following the ECRL muscle from the external epicondyle of the humerus to the outer third of the forearm, we observed that the tendon of this muscle was divided into two branches. We also observed that the ECRB muscle tendon split into two branches slightly below its origin. The branch had moved obliquely toward the lower end of the radius. at the lower end of the forearm, this tendon was connected to the ECRL muscle tendon by passing over the sub-branch of the ECRL muscle tendon and the depth of the retinaculum extensor. The submandibular tendon was attached to the base of the second Metacarpal bone along with the ECRL muscle tendon. The main branch of this muscle also had its main path to the lower end of the forearm. The lower end of the forearm was connected to the dorsal base of the second and third metacarpals by passing under the retinaculum extensor.
Conclusion: Knowing these variations can help radiologists and surgeons in diagnosis and treatment.
