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Showing 2 results for Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity
Comparison of duloxetine and methylphenidate in the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Nasrin Dodangi , Nastaran Habibi ,
Volume 74, Issue 3 (6-2016)
Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and mostly chronic mental health condition that affects children, adolescents, and adults. Stimulants and atomoxetine are first-line agents for the treatment of ADHD. Despite the impressive track record of stimulants in the treatment of ADHD, they fail in 25% of patients due to lack of efficacy or the emergence of unwanted side effects. Accordingly, this study carried out to compare efficacy and safety of duloxetine (a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) and methylphenidate (a short acting stimulant) in the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Methods: Twenty-four children diagnosed with ADHD participated in this 6 weeks open clinical trial. Patients were between 6 to 11 years old that had been referred to psychiatry clinic at Akhavan and Rofide Medical and Rehabilitation Center in Tehran from September 2012 to July 2014. Diagnosis was made by two child psychiatrist according to DSM-IV TR criteria. Thirteen patients received duloxetine and others received methylphenidate. Conner’ parent rating scale-revised-short form (CPRS-RS) and ADHD-rating scale (ADHD-RS) were used at the beginning and then each two weeks to assess efficacy of treatment. Routine laboratory tests and electrocardiogram (ECG) was carried out in the beginning and end of the trial.

Results: Twenty children with ADHD completed the study (Ten in methylphenidate and ten in duloxetine group). In both groups, scales of CPRS-RS and ADHD-RS were reduced from baseline to endpoint, but this reduction in methylphenidate group was significantly greater than duloxetine group (P= 0.000). The most common side effect was gastrointestinal problems in duloxetine group and anorexia in methylphenidate group. No serious side effects and no changes in laboratory and ECG indexes were seen in both groups.

Conclusion: Duloxetine is not efficacious as well as methylphenidate in treatment of children with ADHD. Although more research are needed to achieve more accurate results.

The effects of vitamin D supplementation on the antioxidant serum level in 6-13 years old children with ADHD
Forough Fasihi , Amirmansour Alavi-Naeini , Mostafa Najafi , Mohammad Reza Aghaye Ghazvini, Akbar Hasanzadeh ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Abstract
Background: The causes of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (the most common psychological disorder is still unknown. The main symptoms include impulsivity, hyperactivity and attention deficit. Some studies have shown the relationship between ADHD and oxidative stress, and yet some researches have shown the effects on vitamin D on the antioxidants level. This research intends to identify the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the antioxidant serum level in 6-13 years old children with ADHD.
Methods: This double blind clinical trial was conducted in Isfahan city, the center of Iran, from October 2015 to February 2016. The sample included 35 subjects of both groups that were randomly selected among 6-13 years old children with ADHD diagnosed by pediatric psychologist. The intervention group consumed 1000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for three months, and the control group used placebo for the same period of time. Their stature and weight were recorded by digital instruments without the shoes with the least clothes. The next step was to train the food record of the students to the parents so that 3 food records were taken during the study. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), TAC (Total antioxidant capacity), MDA (Malondialdehyde), CAT (Catalase) and GSH (Glutathione) of the participants of both groups were measured before and after the intervention.
Results: In this Study, both groups were adjusted in terms of their age, gender and BMI. The mean score of the variables of leisure time and sport showed no significant difference in the both groups. Comparing the average TAC and MDA between the two groups before intervention didn’t show a significant difference (P1TAC=0.06) (P1MDA=0.32), but after the intervention, the vitamin D intake group showed the increase in TAC and decrease in MDA (P2TAC=0.001) (P2 MDA=0.01). Moreover, CAT and GSH showed no significant difference in the two groups before and after intervention.
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation for 3 months led to the improvement of antioxidant capacity by the increase of TAC and decrease of MDA, but the CAT and GSH showed no significant change in the mentioned period of time.
 

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