Showing 9 results for Axilla
Sadeghi M, Sadrhosseini M, Ghorbani J,
Volume 60, Issue 3 (6-2002)
Abstract
Maxillary sinus atelectasis is a rare and relatively unknown disease. Most patients present with non-sinonasel complaints. Negative intracavitary pressure due to ostial obstruction is suggested as the most probable etiology. Two patients with sinus atelectasis are presented in this paper: Case 1 presented with enophthalmus and maxillary sinus opacity and atelectasis in imaging. Endoscopic uncinectomy and midle antrostomy was done for this patient. Case 2 presented with mid-facial deformity and depression. Caldwel-Luc procedure with inferior meatal antrostomy was done. In 1 year follow up, they were asymptomatic and with no deterioration of facial deformity.
Atri A, Taj Mj, Yalda A R,
Volume 61, Issue 3 (6-2003)
Abstract
The genus acinetobacter are intestinal gram negative, encapsulated, non motile, aerobic bacilli, which are rod shaped during rapid growth and cocobacillary in stationary phase. Risk factors associated with nosocomial infections include: length of hospital stay, surgery, wounds, previous infection, fecal colonization, treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, indwelling central intravenous or urinary catheters, admission to a burn unite or ICU and mechanical ventilation. Acinetobacter meningitis occur infrequently and is generally found after neurosurgical procedures.
Here, we are presenting a 19 year-old female patient who developed multi-drug resistant (MDR) acinetobacter meningitis after operation on maxillary bone, but despite good clinical response to imipenem and amikacin succumbed aminoglycoside induced otoxicity.
Omran Poor R, Hagh Shenas Sh, Giti M,
Volume 61, Issue 5 (8-2003)
Abstract
Knowledge of axillary lymph node Status is essential in treatment planning and in prognostic evaluation of breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: Preoperative high resolution Sonography of axilla, were performed on 100 patients with breast carcinoma (T1-T2) clinical, before axillary lymph node dissection and pathologic evaluation.
Results: The Sensitivity of ultra Sonography in detection of axillary metastasis was 78% with specificity of 79% and accuracy of 79% PPV was 85% and NPV was 70%.
Conclusion: Preoperative ultra sonography, alone, is not optimal for detect ion of axillary lymphnode metastasis.
Shariat Moharari R, Parsaee M, Najafi A, Ebrahim Soltani Ar, Khajavi Mr, Khashayar P,
Volume 66, Issue 12 (3-2009)
Abstract
Background: Axillary block is used for inducing anesthesia in outpatient hand and forearm surgeries. Few researches have studied hemodynamic and blockade effects of low doses of Epinephrine. The aim of the present study was to compare the duration of analgesia and hemodynamic changes following the injection of high/low epinephrine doses in such surgeries.
Methods: The present randomized clinical trial study was conducted on healthy individuals (ASA I-II) who were candidates for hand and forearm surgeries. The patients were randomly divided into three groups. The first two groups were allocated to receive lidocaine with low (0.6µg/cc) and high (5µg/cc) doses of epinephrine whereas lidocaine plus normal saline was injected in the third group. The hemodynamic changes (Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate) and the occurance of any side-effects along with the duration of analgesia and motor block were recorded.
Results: From among the total of 75 patients, 15 cases were excluded due to incomplete blockade or failure needing general anesthesia. The duration of analgesia and the motor block were longer in the high dose epinephrine group, the difference, however, was not statistically significant. Heart rate changes within the groups was significant in the 4th-7th and 10th minutes. Mean arterial blood pressure changes was only significant in the 4th minute, within the groups.
Conclusions: Administering low doses of epinephrine plus lidocaine as a local anesthetic not only provides acceptable analgesia compared to higher doses of the medication, but also is associated with fewer side effects.
Farahvash Mr, Yegane Ra, Farahvash Y, Khodaei M,
Volume 67, Issue 4 (7-2009)
Abstract
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Background: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of different types of
maxillary fractures, concurrent fractures and accompanying signs and symptoms. Trauma
is the second cause of mortality in Iran, after cardiovascular diseases.
In traumatic patients, head, neck and facial bones fractures are common. The
maxillary fractures are seen much less commonly than the fractures of the
mandible, zygoma, or nose. Maxillary fractures include: (Le
fort I, II, III fractures- alveolar process fracture
and Sagittal fracture). The most common cause of maxillary fracture is motor
vehicle accidents.
Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study designed on 56
patients with maxillary fractures in a referral educational trauma
center of Tehran.
Sample size was the patients who referred to this hospital with maxillary
fracture during past seven years.
Results: Forty eight (86%) patients were male
and 8(14%) were female. Male to female ratio was 6/1.
Mean age of patients was 30 years. The most common
type of maxillary fracture was infra orbital rim and floor fracture. Among Le
fort fracture Le fort type II was the most common.
Paresthesia of infra orbital nerve and malocclusion were more common than the
other especial signs of maxillary fracture. Concomitant fracture with maxilla
include: zygomatic fracture in 62%, mandibular fracture
in 25%, nasoethmoidal fracture in 9%
and skull base fracture in 4%. Management of
maxillary fracture was reduction of displaced bone fragment and fixation for
osteosynthesis. The most common way for osteosynthesis was fixation with
miniplate and screw.
Conclusions: Face fractures are a piece of all problems in multiple trauma patients as the
tip of iceberg. Early diagnosis of maxillary fractures and immediate treatment
will prevent the future deformities and complications.
Jangjoo A, Mehrabi Bahar M, Aliakbarian M,
Volume 67, Issue 5 (8-2009)
Abstract
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Background: Seroma
formation, or the subcutaneous collection of fluid, is a common problem after
surgery for the breast cancer. It may lead to wound-related complications and
also can delay adjuvant therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the
effect of various clinical and therapeutic variables on seroma formation.
Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of patients who
underwent surgical therapy for breast cancer was carried out. Modified radical
mastectomy was performed on 67 patients (65%) and 28 patients (27.2%) underwent breast conservative surgery. Simple
extended mastectomy was done for the remaining 8 patients (7.8%). Seroma
formation was studied in relation to age, type of surgery, tumor size, nodal
involvement, preoperative chemotherapy, surgical instrument (electrocautery or
scalpel), use of pressure garment, and duration of drainage. All of the
patients followed for 4 weeks after surgery.
Results: A total of 103 patients with breast cancer were studied. The mean
age of the patients was 48.3 years (25-82). Seroma occurred in 27 (26.2%) patients. There was
statistically significant relation between age and seroma formation after
breast cancer surgery (p=0.005), while other factors studied was found to be
significantly ineffective. In addition, there was not any relation between
seroma formation and drain duration. However, two factors including type of the
operation and level of lymphatic dissection was considerable with confidence
interval up to 90%, but it was not statistically significant with
confidence interval >95% (p=0.068 and 0.063 respectively).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the age is a predicting
factor for seroma formation in breast cancer patients, while other factors do
not significantly affect that.
Amir Hossein Pakravan, Atena Shiva,
Volume 75, Issue 2 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background: Osteoblastoma is one of the rarest primary benign bone tumors which accounts for 1% of all bone neoplasms and 3.5% of benign bone tumors, with the potential for local invasion and recurrence. Osteoblastoma is not homogeneous. Differences in histological details have led to the division of these lesions into subtypes. The histologic features in most cases are distinctive, there are various changes that make the diagnosis challenging. Although involvement of this disease is more in the spines or small long bones, but it has been reported involvement of jaws in this disease. Correct diagnosis is very important because it may be misdiagnosed osteosarcoma with hypercellular cases.
Case presentation: In this case report, it is described patient a 7-year-old girl with a lesion in the posterior maxilla and bone resorption in May 2016, Sari, Mazandaran province, Iran. Differential diagnosis of the radiological and clinical findings suggested an osteosarcoma. In terms of pathology, osteoblastoma was included a well-vascularized connective stroma tissue with plenty of veins which osteoid and primitive woven bone can be seen actively. In microscopy diagnosis, samples were shown cortical bone with a natural appearance, prominent osteoblasts and surrounding granulation tissue containing blood vessels that confirmed maxilla osteoblastoma. The lesion was examined by histopathology method for final recognition and the results revealed osteoblastoma.
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Conclusion: Although jaw osteoblastoma is a rare tumor and presents with microscopic features that can mimic a variety of other types of malignant entities. It is important to avoid of other non-specific clinical and radiographic protests that led to the recognition problems. The importance of interdisciplinary cooperation between the surgeon, radiologist and pathologist must be pressured.
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Mahdi Zareei , Mohammad Shokri , Vida Mohegh, Reza Nedaei , Zeinab Borjian Boroujeni , Atefeh Ashenaei ,
Volume 76, Issue 6 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: Tinea versicolor (TV) is common superficial fungal infection of the human skin characterized by scaling macula and mild disturbance of skin observed as pigmented and depigmented regions. Typically, it affects the chest, upper back, neck and shoulders. However, rarely, involvement of other unusual regions of the body such as the scalp and face, arms and legs, palms and soles, groin, vagina and axillary region has been reported.
Case presentation: This case report is a case of axillary TV caused by Malassezia furfur that involved a 32-year-old woman that referred to Ghaem Medical Mycology Laboratory, Department of Health, Rescue and Treatment of Iran Police Force, in Tehran at February of 2018. Clinical appearance of lesions was erythematous or brownish pigmented macula with mild scaling of skin in involved areas. After sampling, to diagnosis, direct smears of 15% Potassium hydroxide (KOH) with scales and stained once with methylene blue were prepared. In direct microscopic examination, budding yeast cells with typical scar and short curved mycelium were observed. To identifying, culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar and modified Dixon agar media and other differential tests were performed. Finally, Malassezia furfur was identified as a causative agent of disease. The patient was taken on treatment of ketoconazole ointment for 4 weeks, approximately and lesions were disappeared.
Conclusion: Malassezia furfur can causes Tinea versicolor in uncommon region such as axillary location. The clinicians must be aware of these variations in location of TV and perform the appropriate diagnostic workup when lesions have the characteristic morphology of TV despite an unusual location in order to differentiation from other disease such as candidiasis and erythrasma.
Shahrbanoo Keihanian , Nafiseh Koochaki , Majid Pouya , Maryam Zakerihamidi ,
Volume 77, Issue 8 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the leading cause of cancer death among females worldwide. The rate of breast cancer incidence among Iranian women is 17% of all cancers, it has been ranked first in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting axillary lymph node involvement in female patients with breast cancer.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 167 patients with breast cancer diagnosed between March 2012 and March 2015 at Shahid Beheshti of Babol, Shahid Rajaei of Tonekabon and Imam Sajad of Ramsar hospitals. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information on the patients and pathology report of tumor and lymph nodes was completed.
Results: The rate of axillary lymph node involvement was observed in 117 patients (70.1%). Mean age was 49.64±11.62 years in the patients with breast cancer. The highest frequency of lymph node involvement was observed in the 40-49 age group (24%). The average size of tumor was 3.39 cm and the majority of patients had a tumor 2-5 cm (T2) but the most involvement was related to T3 (>5cm). The most common type of cancer and grading were invasive ductal carcinoma (93.4%) and tumor grade 2 (52.1%), respectively. Most lymph node involvement was observed in invasive ductal carcinoma and 85.1% of patients had tumor degree 3. 22.2% of patients with vessels involvement had axillary lymph node involvement. 63% of patients’ tumors had receptors of estrogen and progesterone. A statistically significant association was observed between axillary lymph node involvement and tumor size (P=0.031), tumor type (P=0.007), tumor grade (P=0.011), estrogen receptor (P=0.008) and progesterone receptor (P=0.038).
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant association between axillary lymph node involvement and tumor size, type and grade, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, but there was no statistically significant association between axillary lymph node involvement and age and estrogen as well as progesterone receptor status.
