Showing 7 results for Bone Marrow
Hashemi S J, Shohani M,
Volume 62, Issue 3 (6-2004)
Abstract
Background: Bone Marrow Transplantation is one of the most important therapeutic methods in much malignant and nonmalignant disease. Patients with Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) following radiotherapy and chemotherapy will suffer from immuno-suppression. Therefore they are susceptible to get saprophytic fungi infection that sometimes are killer.
Materials and Methods: The purpose of this cross-sectional survey is isolation of saprophytic fungi from patients with BMT and wards space and instruments. Therefore sampling from ventilator system (HEPA filter and common filter), air canal, air, hospital instruments and clinical samples (nasal discharge, sputum, urine) were done and cultured in sabouro dextrose agar with choloramphenicol (SC). In assessing total frequency from 4838 plates of wards space and instruments, 985 fungi colonies includes 21 genus were isolated.
Results and Conclusion: Most fungi colonies present were Penicillium , Aspergillus and Cladosporium and low present were Trichoderma ,Stereptomyses, Chrysosporium, Rhizopus.
Esfahani A, Iravani M, Khoshnyat M, Ghoreishi Z, Shamshiri A R, Moghadam Z, Jahani M, Ghavamzadeh A,
Volume 65, Issue 5 (8-2007)
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the treatment of choice for many patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Long-term complications such as osteoporosis should be considered, because it is directly associated with the morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to assess the bone mineral density after allogenic or autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with leukemia or lymphoma.
Methods: We prospectively investigated 63 patients undergoing BMT for acute and chronic leukemia and lymphoma. At the end of the study, a total of 28 patients were assessed. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured prior BMT, and 6 and 12 months after BMT. Osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase and C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen (ICTP) were assessed. Serum concentration of calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, PTH and sex hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol) were also measured.
Results: There was a significant decrease in the bone mineral density of the femoral neck six months after BMT (p<0.001), 1.01±0.13g/cm² prior to BMT and 0.96±0.13 g/cm² at six months, but no considerable changes were seen in lumbar vertebrae. Bone loss between the 6th and 12th months was not observed. The levels of ICTP and phosphorus increased significantly by the 12th month (p=0.04). The level of calcium was higher at the 6th month (p=0.002) but the level of vitamin D and PTH decreased by the end of the study (p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively) and the average of osteocalcin did not increase significantly. In women, the level of estradiol decreased by the 6th month (p=0.01), but the testosterone changes were not significant.
Conclusion: The risk of bone loss in both allogeneic and autologous BMT is higher in the femoral neck than the lumbar vertebrae, occurring mainly in the first six months after BMT. Preventive and clinical procedures should be considered.
Darabi M.a, Mireskandari S.m, Sadeghi M,
Volume 65, Issue 6 (9-2007)
Abstract
Background: Invasive procedures such as bone marrow aspiration in children with oncologic malignancies are painful and may produce anxiety for both patients and their parents. Various pharmacologic treatments have been used to sedate children undergoing bone marrow aspiration. This prospective randomized study was designed to compare the effectiveness of these combinations, as well as their associated hemodynamic and respiratory side-effects and recovery in pediatric patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration.
Methods: Fifty children with oncologic malignancies whose ages ranged between 2-12 years were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned either to the Propofol- Alfentanyl group or the Midazolam- Ketamine group for analgesia and sedation during bone marrow aspiration in the operating room. Time to induce sedation, sedation score and recovery time were recorded.
Results: There were no statistical differences between groups in weight, age, sex and duration of procedures. Procedures were completed with satisfactory sedation levels in all patients in the study groups according to the modified Ramsay score. Induction and recovery times in the Propofol- Alfentanyl group were significantly shorter than in the Midazolam- Ketamine group (p<0.001). After Midazolam- Ketamine sedation, a statistically significant increase in systolic blood pressure and heart rate were seen, however the opposite was observed after Propofol- Alfentanyl sedation. Other side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, agitation myoclonus and aspiration, were not seen in our patients.
Conclusion: Both Propofol- Alfentanyl and Midazalam-Ketamine combinations can be used safely and effectively for sedation and analgesia during bone marrow aspiration in the pediatric patient group.
M Soleimani, S Nadri , R Izadpanah ,
Volume 66, Issue 4 (7-2008)
Abstract
Background: MSCs have been isolated from a variety of mammals by the plastic adherence method. However, this method can be problematic due to the unwanted growth of hematopoietic cells and non-MSCs. The potential of MSCs to differentiate along multiple lineages is the key to the identification of stem cell populations in the absence of molecular markers. In the present study, we describe a homogeneous population of MSCs from mouse bone marrow isolated using an improved plastic adherence method that employs frequent medium change (FMC) at the initial hours of harvested bone marrow cell culture.
Methods: Balb/c mice were sacrificed and whole bone marrow cells were aspirated from the femur and tibia and then cultivated in six-well plates. After 3-4 hours of culture, old medium was removed and fresh medium was added. FMC was performed every eight hours over a 72 hour period. When primary cultures became nearly confluent, the first passage was performed. These cells were then used for further examination. To investigate their mesenchymal nature, the cells were allowed to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages and examined at each passage up to the tenth passage for surface antigens by flow cytometry.
Results: We achieved purified populations of fibroblast-like cells in the two weeks after culture initiation. The cells were capable of differentiating into osteocytes and adipocytes. Isolated MSCs were reactive to the CD44, Sca-1, and CD90 cell surface markers. MSCs were negative for hematopoietic surface markers such as CD34, CD11b, CD45, CD31, CD106, CD117 and CD135.
Conclusions: This protocol provides an efficient isolation of homogeneous populations of MSCs from mouse bone marrow.
Mortazavizadeh Smr, Owlia Mb, Mehrpoor G,
Volume 67, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract
Background: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSDS) is a rarely described complication which characterized by pain, edema, movement and vasomotor disorders, trophic changes in the skin and patchy demineralization of bone in extremities. There are numerous risk factors such as trauma, surgery, myocardial infraction and drugs. Cyclosporine (CsA) is one of the drugs which can induce RSDS.
Case report: Herein we described a 33- years old man (known case of ALL) with severe painful and edematous extremities, which was being treated with cyclosporine because of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation. His laboratory tests were normal except for AST and ALT. With impression of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome triple-phase bone scan was done, Increased uptake and delayed wash-out in vascular and bony phase is considered typical for RSDS. Due to clinical and triple-phase bone scan findings the diagnosis was established. Symptoms of RSDS improved when CsA was discontinued.
Conclusion: According to this case report and the other ones, Cyclosporine should be considered as the etiology of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome.
Leyla Soleymani , Rahim Hobbenaghi , Aram Mokarizadeh , Samad Zare , Nowruz Delirezh ,
Volume 72, Issue 7 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background: Recently, bone-marrow-derived cells have introduced new therapeutic approaches to the management of wound healing in severe skin injuries. Bone marrow-derived stromal cells are described as a heterogeneous population, including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and fibro-blast cells. Results derived from several studies indicate that these cells may contribute to tissue regeneration whether through producing variety of bioactive growth factors and/or by differentiation into mesoderm lineage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of subcutaneous administration of bone marrow-derived stromal cells in repairing or regeneration of skin wounds induced by third-degree burn in a mouse model.
Methods: In an experimental study that was performed in Urmia University research center from December 2011 to June 2012, The third-degree skin burn was induced on the shaved backs of healthy 7-8 week old male mice (N=18) using a metal rods heated in boiling water. After 1 hour, based on the equal physical condition mice were randomly divided into two separate groups and then subcutaneously administered with phosphate buffered saline (PBS 400 µl) or bone marrow-derived stromal cells (106 cell in 400µl PBS) at the burn site. 7, 14 and 21 days after induction of burn injury, biopsies were taken from burn wounds and then the sections were prepared. Subsequently the prepared sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and Masson's trichrome to explore histopathological changes evoke by administration of bone marrow derived stromal cells in comparison with control subjects.
Results: Considering investigated parameters including formation of granulation tissue (respectively on days 7, 14 and 21 P≤ 0/007, P≤ 0/0013 and P≤ 0/001), angiogenesis (on day 21 P≤ 0/002) and collagen deposition, in mice treated with bone marrow-derived stromal cells the rate of healing of third-degree thermal burns was significantly accelerated when compared to the PBS-treated mice.
Conclusion: This experimental modulation of wound healing suggests that bone marrow-derived stromal cells can significantly enhance the rate of wound healing possibly through stimulation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition.
Seyed Hossein Abtahi , Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi , Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani ,
Volume 78, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the proliferation of myeloid precursors and abnormal differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, which results in the accumulation of immature cells in the bone marrow (BM). The accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow causes molecular and cellular changes in the microenvironment of the bone marrow. The adiponectin hormone originates from adipose tissue of the bone marrow, which in addition to effective functions in cellular metabolism, suppresses cancer through various mechanisms, including inhibition of metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation. In the bone marrow sample, patients with acute myeloid leukemia are associated with different subtypes of the disease.
Methods: In this basic-fundamental research, a total of 40 BM samples from de novo AML patients and 15 BM samples from healthy volunteers as the healthy group referred to the Stem Cell Transplantation Laboratory and Cell Therapy of Taleghani Hospital and with assisting the Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, from March 2015 to February 2017, were entered into the study. Then used the Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method for diagnosis level of adiponectin gene expression in BM samples patients and the healthy group.
Results: The results of the present study showed that the level of adiponectin gene expression in the BM sample of patients was significantly decreased in comparison with the healthy group (P=0.002). While, there was no significant difference (P<0.05) in adiponectin gene expression in AML subtypes myeloblastic, promyelocytic, and myelomonocytic/monocytic.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there was a decrease in adiponectin gene expression in the bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia patients compared to healthy controls. This decrease in adiponectin expression may be due to myeloid hyperplasia and a decrease in bone marrow adipocytes. In fact, The nutritional, metabolic, and mechanical stresses associated with myeloid cells accumulation cause alterations in bone marrow microenvironment structure and destruction of bone marrow adipose tissue. Therefore, reduced adiponectin gene expression in AML patients is one of the key indicators of bone marrow microenvironmental changes in AML patients.
