Showing 6 results for Character
Sadr Bafghi S M, Rafie M, Modares Mosadegh M, Ahmadiah Mh, Zandikarimi F, Aghili K,
Volume 61, Issue 4 (7-2003)
Abstract
Unstable angina (UA) is situated in a spectrum with myocardial infarction (MI) at one end of it and stable angina at the other end. To determine the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of unstable angina this study was designed.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients with definite UA who were hospitalized at cardiac care units (CCU) in Yazd were enrolled in this cross- sectional study. Clinical and para-clinical characteristics including class of severity of angina, clinical circumstances, drugs, risk factors, changes in ECG, and patient's condition at the time of leaving hospital were evaluated.
Results& Conclusions: The average of age of patients was 61.85 years and 57% of them were female and 43% were male. The most prevalent risk factor among men was smoking (48.8%) and among women was hypertension (62.8%). According to Braunwald suggestion, patients were divided into 3 classes based on the severity of their diseases. Frequency distribution of patients in classes I,H and III were 24.5%, 4% and 71.5%, respectively. Normal ECG, was observed in 24.5% of subjects at the time of hospitalization and in 67% of patients when leaving hospitals. Frequency distribution based on the risk stratification was 22.5%, 58.5% and 19% in the low, medium and high risk groups, respectively. During hospitalization, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was seen in 3.5% of individuals that majority of them belonged to class III of angina.
Kaviani H, Poor Naseh M,
Volume 63, Issue 2 (5-2005)
Abstract
Background: This Study aimed to validate the temperament and character inventory (TCI) in an Iranian sample of men and women with different ages. TCI contains subscales designed to measure seven different personality traits and characteristics.
Materials and Methods: In the first step, subjects (n=1212) completed the questionnaire. In the second step, to examine the reliability of the questionnaire, 101 randomly chosen subjects were re-tested one to two months after the first test. Also, in order to examine the validity of the questionnaire, 100 subjects were interviewed by two psychologists using a checklist based on the Cloninger&aposs biological theory of personality. The interviewers, who were blind to the subjects&apos scores on the seven subscales, rated each subject for the seven traits and characteristics on a 10-point rating scale (from 1 to 10).
Results & Conclusion: The results showed normative data for the subscales novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD), persistence (Per), self directiveness (SD), cooperation (Co) and self transcendence (ST) for different gender and age classes. Correlations between the scores and ratings of the test and re-test revealed significant coefficients, confirming reliability for all subscales. A good internal consistency was found for each subscale. The results also showed no significant correlations higher than 0.40 among NS, HA, Per and RD the temperament subscales were independent from each other. The only significant correlation, higher than 0.40, among the character subscales was between SD and Co. Applied and clinical implication of the present findings will be discussed.
Farshi S, Sedaghat M, Meysamie A, Abdollahi E,
Volume 65, Issue 14 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: a number of factors such as socio-demographic and socioeconomic status have
emerged as being associated with smoking. The main goal of the present study was to
identify the relationship of socio-demographic factors and cigarette smoking, and to
determine the indicators of smoking status in a community based case-control study.
Methods: Using the random multistage cluster sampling method on the basis of family list
kept in the health center, a head cluster was selected, and 25 clusters of 10 members each
were chosen. One member was selected from each family to fill the questionnaire. The
neighborhood method was used for selection of controls. The socio-demographic
characteristics was assessed by a self administered questionnaire. Data analysis was
performed using SPSS V-11.5 software. Logistic regression was used to assess the association
of age, sex, marital status, family size, number of close friends, number of smoking friends,
and presence of smokers in the family with smoking status.
Results: The mean smoking consumption of smokers in this study was 14.6 per day. The
mean age of smoking initiation was 18.6 years. Fifty percent of people initiated smoking at
ages less than 18. The mean years of education were significantly higher in nonsmokers. A
significant inverse relationship exists between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and
educational levels. The positive association between number of cigarette smoked per day and
age was found (OR=1.2, CI 95% 1.07-1.4). Number of smoking friends in smokers were
significantly more than in nonsmokers. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, and number
of smoking friends, could be predictors of smoking status. The association between sex,
marital status, family size, and education with smoking status were not significant.
Conclusions: This study revealed the association between several socio-demographic factors
with smoking status. Antismoking strategies for adults tend to emphasize smoking cessation,
preventing smoking initiation is also important during young adulthood. Anyway,
educational interventions are highly suggested.
Ali Malayeri N, Kaviani H, Asadi Sm, Farid Hoseini F,
Volume 66, Issue 9 (12-2008)
Abstract
Background: The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) efficiently diagnoses personality disorders, differentiating the individual subtypes. This research aimed to evaluate personality dimensions using the Cloninger TCI (TCI-125) in a group of people with borderline personality disorders at Ruzbeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 27 borderline personality patients were evaluated with a clinical interview based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition text revision (DSM-ІV-TR) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-ІV Axis IІ (SCIDII). Depression and anxiety scores of patients were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaires. Dimensions of temperament and character traits were assessed using the TCI-125. The findings were compared with parameters of the normal Iranian population.
Results: Results showed higher scores for novelty seeking and harm avoidance and lower scores for self directedness, self transcendence and cooperativeness in borderline personality disorder patients.
Conclusion: The results of the Cloninger TCI in this study showed higher scores for novelty seeking and harm avoidance and lower scores for self directedness than those of the normal Iranian population. Scores for reward dependence fell within the range of the normal population. Lower scores for character factors, such as self directedness, cooperativeness and self transcendence, are usually associated with cluster B personality traits. Higher scores for novelty seeking and harm avoidance are usually characteristic of borderline personality disorder patients. In this study, there is the possibility that the small sample size or other factors, such as medication or substance abuse, might affect the study, resulting in normal scores for reward dependence.
Kaviani H,
Volume 67, Issue 4 (7-2009)
Abstract
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
AR-SA
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background: It is extremely important to validate psychological (psychometric) tools before
use in research projects. In fact without reliable and valid psychological
tools, we can not rely on research results. TCI
contains subscales designed to measure seven different personality traits and
characteristics. This paper presents complementary findings to a previous
study. In fact, the aim of this study was to summarize a normative data of TCI
for an Iranian sample of men and women with different ages.
Methods: At first all research workers, who collected data in present study, were
trained for the skills needed in order to communicate with the participant and
to conduct the questionnaire. Randomly selected participants (n=1212)
completed TCI questionnaire.
Results: The results showed normative data for the subscales novelty seeking (NS),
harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD),
persistence (Per), self
directiveness (SD), cooperation (Co)
and self transcendence (ST) for different gender
and age classes.
Conclusions: Similarities
and differences of the present findings and other studies will be theoretically
discussed. The sample of participants in this study allows us to generalize the
collected data. The results shows that now we can benefit from using the
questionnaire in Iranian society. Different applications of TCI in
various clinical and normal settings will be discussed. The present results is
complementary to the previous findings reported in the same journal.
Mahmoud Keyvanara, Mohammad Satari, Majid Jangi, Nasrin Sharbafchizadeh, Rahele Rahele,
Volume 78, Issue 9 (12-2020)
Abstract
Background: Infectious diseases in the pandemic stage have significant life-threatening, psychological and social effects. Identifying the characteristics associated with people's cooperation in self-care leads to greater immunity for themselves and others. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict the self-care of the Iranian people according to their individual and social characteristics in face of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: A survey study was conducted on 1056 adults aged 18 and over in different provinces of Iran through a form of answering online researcher-made questions (n=40, α=0.9) in social networks in four days. This paper studies the level of self-care of people against Covid 19 pandemic which was conducted with the support of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in April 2016. Data were analyzed using Student t-test and variance. Moreover, "decision tree technique" was used to identify communication patterns.
|
Results: The findings showed that the average self-care score in women, the most educated, married women, women aged 41 to 55, housewives and some other occupations was very high. However, the average self-care score of single men with a diploma was average. In general, the mean score of women's self-care was higher than men (P<0.0001) and the educated were more than the less educated literate (P=0.007). There was no significant difference between the self-care scores of the respondents in terms of their marital status and employment.
Conclusion: The results showed that the average scores of self-care in women, more educated people, married women, women in the age group of 41 to 55 years, housewives and some other occupations were reported to be very high; While the average self-care score reported in single men with a diploma was average. Overall, the mean score of self-care reported in women was higher than men (P<0.0001) and people with doctoral education reported more self-care than illiterate people (P=0.007). Besides, there was no significant difference between the self-care scores of the respondents in terms of their marital status (single and married) and their employment status (employed and non-employed).
|
