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Since the recognition of true number of human
chromosomes in 1956,
many techniques have been developed to detect chromosomal aberrations. A number of those,
such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are valuable tools
in both research and diagnostics. But these techniques have defects that limit
their application. One of the important limitations is resolution resolution
limitations make it impossible to detect small aberrations. The other major
defect is the disability to analyze whole genome. In 1997 Solinas-Toldo
introduced a new technique that could cover other techniques' defects. This new
technique called microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). Array CGH, with the powerful
resolution of FISH
and also the ability of whole genome analysis in single experiment accelerated
the genetic research. Array CGH has resulted in to a great progress in oncology and
genetic disorders research. In addition, this technique has the ability to be
used in diagnostics too. This review article, witch include the data of recent
published papers and our experiences, gives an overview of the array CGH and compare it with
the other molecular cytogenetic techniques. Its application in oncology and
genetic disorder is also discussed.
