Background: Migraine is a complex neurological disease that has affected hundreds of people of different ages and races. Migraine causes changes in the white matter and may cause cognitive changes in affected patients, but studies in this field are still limited and sometimes have contradictory results. The purpose of this study is investigate and compare cognitive function in patients with migraine.
Methods: In this case-control study, which was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing cognitive function in migraine patients with the control group, cognitive function in migraine patients (with and without aura) referred to the Luqman Hospital clinic in the year 2023 were evaluated and compared with the healthy control group. Patient information was recorded in SPSSv.25 and analyzed.
Results: A gender difference was observed between the two groups, and women were significantly more in the migraine group (P-value: 0.003). This issue was also seen regarding age, and people with migraine were significantly older than normal people (33.91 ± 10.86 vs. 30.43 ± 7.89, P-value: 0.013). The visual score had a significant difference between the two groups (P-value: 0.001). In general, it was seen that the cognitive status score had a statistically significant difference between the two groups and it was lower in the migraine group (P-value<0.001).
Conclusion: It is concluded that migraine patients have some degree of cognitive impairment and this is not associated with migraine. Based on our findings, there is a significant difference in gender and level of education between normal individuals and migraineurs, and migraineurs are usually women and have lower education than normal individuals, which could be due to impaired quality of life due to migraine and cognitive impairment. The current study did not examine chronic migraine, but it was found that there was no difference in cognitive impairment between migraine with and without aura. Whether chronic migraine differs from other migraines in the incidence of cognitive impairment needs to be investigated in future studies.
