Showing 4 results for Estrogen Receptor
Sarmadi Soheila, Izadi-Mood Narges, Rajabian Banafsheh,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (6-2012)
Abstract
Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy however, mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain obscure. Endometrial carcinoma has been classified into two major categories: type I (related to estrogen or endometrioid adenocarcinoma) and type II (unrelated to estrogen). Estrogen is the main trigger for the abnormal proliferation in the endometrial epithelium but progesterone can inhibit this process. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in all types of endometrial hyperplasia in comparison to endometrioid adenocarcinoma of endometrium.
Methods: Forty-seven specimens including 23 cases of histopathologically confirmed hyperplastic endometrium (12 simple hyperplasia, 5 complex hyperplasia without atypia, and 6 complex hyperplasia with atypia) and 24 cases of endometrial carcinoma were studied. Immunohistochemical staining of estrogen and progesterone receptors was performed in paraffin-embedded blocks and expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors were scored according to the proportion of positive staining cells.
Results: Overexpression of progesterone receptors was seen in 18 (75%) out of 24 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 23 (100%) of all types of endometrial hyperplasia. The aforesaid differences were statistically significant (P=0.023). 70.8% of cases with endometrial carcinoma were 3+ for immunohistochemical staining of progesterone receptors as were 85.7% of the cases with endometrial hyperplasia the difference being also statistically significant (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Considering the increased proportion of progesterone receptor expression in all types of hyperplastic endometrium in comparison to endometrial carcinoma, hormonal therapy by progestinal agents is recommended as a treatment of choice.
Reihaneh Asadi , Parisa Mohamadynejad , Fatemeh Davari Tanha , Mahdi Safarpour , Ahmad Ebrahimi ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: The major issue to address in endometriosis etiology is to identify the genetic changes in the disease and their occurrence in different populations. Uncovering these genetic changes may be important in developing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of endometriosis. Among all endometriosis susceptibility genes studied before, convincing association has been found with variants in the estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene and this disease however, the contributions of these genetic variants in different populations and ethnic groups are not similar. Accordingly, this study was carried out to replicate the previous findings to assess whether this polymorphism is associated with endometriosis in Iranian women.
Methods: A case-control study was designed to determine the possible association between ESR1-351A>G variant and occurrence of endometriosis. The study group consisted of 100 subjects diagnosed with endometriosis as case group and 100 fertile women without endometriosis as controls recruited from subjects referred to the Tehran Women’s General Hospital between January to September 2013. All subjects were genotyped for this marker using amplification refractory mutation system- polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Association of risk allele (G) with endometriosis was as-sessed using PLINK software after age adjustment.
Results: The results showed that the genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in both case (F=0.04, P:0.67) and control (F=0.02, P:0.83) groups. In addition, there were no significant differences between case and control groups in terms of genotype frequencies (P=0.17). Moreover, the results indicated that the presence of risk allele (G) did not significantly increase risk of endometriosis (OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 0.96-2.13, P=0.07).
Conclusion: The results do not support the previous findings of an association between -351A>G genetic polymorphism in ESR1 gene and endometriosis. Therefore, comprehensive genetic approaches including linkage analyses and family-based tests, together with a number of replication studies with large sample size, are needed to make conclusive claims about the role of this genetic polymorphism in susceptibility to endometriosis.
Masumeh Gity , Ali Borhani , Mehrdad Mokri , Majid Shakiba , Morteza Atri , Nasim Batavani ,
Volume 76, Issue 8 (11-2018)
Abstract
Background: Estrogen-negative breast cancers have different clinical course, prognostic features and treatment response in comparison to estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) breast cancers. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncoprotein has found to have a pivotal role in natural cell growth and cell division and is suggested to be directly related to tumor invasiveness in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of estrogen negative breast cancers with and without overexpression of HER2/neu receptor.
Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, mammographic, ultrasound and MRI features as well as HER2 status were assessed in patients with ER-negative breast cancer that were referred to Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex in Tehran from October 2015 to October 2017. Clinicopathologic data and mammography, ultrasound, and MRI features were reviewed and were correlated with HER2 status of estrogen-negative tumors.
Results: Of the 172 patients with ER-negative breast cancer, 101 patients were positive for HER2/neu receptor (58.8%). There was a significant correlation between HER2-positivity and tumor type (P=0.004). Among estrogen negative breast cancers, significant association were found between HER2 and tumor histologic grade (P=0.024) and TNM stage (P=0.021). HER2-positive tumors were more likely to present with microcalcification (P=0.007) and have irregular shapes (P=0.034) in mammography than HER2-negative tumors. No association was found between HER-2 status and tumor size, shape, margin, posterior feature, halo or orientation of the tumor in ultrasound. We also found no correlation between HER2 status and MRI features including mass shape or margin, internal enhancement pattern or curve type among estrogen-negative breast cancers.
Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that among estrogen-negative breast cancers, HER2/neu positive tumors are more likely to be diagnosed at higher stage and have higher histologic grade at the time of diagnosis. Tumor mass shape and microcalcification in mammography are found to be associated with HER2 status among patients with estrogen-negative breast cancer.
Malihe Hasanzadeh, Marjaneh Farazestanian, Afrooz Azad, Parnian Malakuti, Maryam Esmaeilpour,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor with extensive local invasion. It often presents with a lump in the perineal area and pelvic. Since it often does not involve adjacent organs such as the urethra and anus, does not cause obstructive symptoms. Its incidence is 6 times higher in women than men. This tumor grows slowly and has a slight tendency to metastasize. However, the rate of local recurrence is high. MRI is the most widely used diagnostic method. Ultrasound and CT scan are also used for diagnosis. Due to the rarity of this tumor, it is difficult to diagnose before surgery and pathology assessment. Due to the penetrating nature of the tumor and the lack of a clear capsule, incomplete surgical resection is common. Local recurrence is common even after complete mass resection. Therefore, patients need a long follow-up. The main treatment is surgery but non-surgical interventions such as hormonal therapy, radiotherapy, arterial embolization, etc. have been associated with variable success rates.
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Case Presentation: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a vulvar mass in February 2021. The patient mentioned that the mass had existed for ten years and had increased in size in the last two years. After discussion on the tumor board, she underwent surgery. The pathology of the mass was reported to be aggressive angiomyxoma. The patient was treated with a GNRH agonist after surgery. The patient is currently under follow-up and has not had a recurrence so far (March 2020).
Conclusion: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor. It has extensive local invasion and a high recurrence rate, but distant metastasis is rare. Estrogen receptors or Progesterone receptors are commonly positive in aggressive angiomyxoma. The best treatment for aggressive angiomyxoma remains unknown. Extensive local resection of the tumor has been reported as an important therapeutic measure. In cases of mass recurrence, reoperation and hormone therapy have been effective. It is important for gynecologists to consider this tumor as a differential diagnosis when dealing with vulvar masses.
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