Showing 35 results for Exercise
Khatibi Mr, Shahram F, Haji Zadeh E,
Volume 60, Issue 4 (7-2002)
Abstract
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by symmetric joint involvement with progressive deformities. This leads to limitation of motion and reduction of activity daily living (ADL). Previous reports showed the beneficial effects of therapeutic exercises in these patients in the remission phase.
Methods and Materials: A clinical trial as a self-control sequential control study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a range of motion (ROM) exercise program in patients with RA, referring to Rheumatology Research Center between 1994-1995. ROM of the selected joints by Goniometer, and ADL by a questionnaire was assessed in all patients in 3 phases: when entering the program, after 6 weeks of observation, and then after another 6 weeks with the therapeutic exercises. The mean difference in these 2 period were compared by student paired t test. The analysis of differences between different subgroups (job, education, etc.) was done by one way variance analysis.
Results: Forty patients completed the program. The mean ADL increased from 0437±0.252 before exercise to 6.69±3.06 after exercise (P<0.001), and the mean scores of ROM increased from 0.278±0.28 to 8±3.57 (P<0.0001), both statistically significant. This was more pronounced in women and in those with ankle joints involvement. The type of disease onset and duration of the disease did not influence the effects of treatment. No increase in disease activity was seen.
Conclusion: This study showed the effectiveness of our ROM exercises in increasing functional capacities of patients with RA in remission phase.
Rafiei M, Sadre Bafeghi S M, Afkhami Ardakani M, Namaiandeh S M, Orafa A M, Ahmadieh M H, Dehghan Hr, Rafie R, Rahmanian M,
Volume 62, Issue 3 (6-2004)
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the ability of Ankle/Brachial Index (ABI), that is a sensitive and specific test for detection of PAD, to foretell the possibility of ischemic heart diseases in diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: All of diabetic patients who visited in our diabetes research center between May 2000 and May 2001 and were confirmed diabetics since 2 or more years ago were enrolled in the study. The ABI was calculated for all of the patients and their demographic specifications and ischemic heart disease risk factors were recorded. All of the patients refer to perform an exercise test, but 279 patients were conferred to performing stress test. They were containing: 127 patients with ABI =<1.1(group I) and 47 patients with ABI>=1.4(group III) as case groups and, 105 patients with 1.1 60 years (P = 0.02). 238 patients were in group I (25.1 %), 625 patients in group II (65.9 %) and 85 patients in group III (9 %). 52.8% of 125 patients in Group I, 19.6% of 107 patients in group II, and 44.7% of 47 patients in Group III had positive exercise test. I, II (P 0.00)- II , III (P = 0.05) A total of 108 patients from among the 279 patients had positive exercise test (38%), and most of them were from groups I &III. 72.2% of group I , and 52.5% of group II had high blood pressure (P 0.00). Both hypertensive and normotensive patients with ABI =<1.1 & >=1.4 had positive exercise test significantly more than patients with 1.1=1.4 is an independent predictor of coronary artery diseases in diabetic patients especially in those who are hypertensive.
S Talebian , Gh Olyaei , Sh Mousavi , P Khajavi , A Talebian ,
Volume 63, Issue 3 (6-2005)
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a one of the most common symptoms of vertebral column diseases. Spinal muscles have a outstanding role in maintaining vertebral column function in daily life. But proper function and motion of hip and knee joints also has an important role in performing smooth, fine and nonstressed movements of lumbar spin. Where as accurate and fine motions of hip and knee joints in cooperate with lumbar spin can improve translation and summation of forces and increase performance of movements. The aim of this research is to indicate the amount of interventions of lower limb joints on lumbar spin function in patients with LBP, and attention to physical treatment (PT) of them.
Materials and Methods: Fifty females with LBP due to osteoarthritis ( OA) of lumbar spin participated in this study and divided in two groups randomly with similar number of cases: a) ordinary treatment or control group and b) complementary treatment group. Patients in control group treated by routine PT approach ( superficial heat, ultrasound, TENS, forward flexion and back extension exercises ) and patients in complementary or test group received routine treatment similar to control group and also strength and stretching exercises of hip and knee joint muscles ( latisimous dorsi, gluteous maximus, iliopsoas, quadriceps and hamstring ) bilaterally. Range of motion (ROM) of lumbar, hip and keen joints by valid goniametere and pain of lumbar in motions at all of axis by visual analog scale measured before, after five and ten sessions of treatments in both groups.
Results: In control group with non parametric tests there was not significant difference of MMT of muscles and ROMs of hip and knee joints. Lumbar pain in motion after ten sessions of PT in this group reduced significantly ( P< 0.05 ). Increase of lumbar motion in all of axis after PT was significant at this patients ( P< 0.05 ). In second group that received complementary treatments ROM of joints, lumbar pain had significant differences between onset of treatments and five and ten sessions later ( P< 0.05 ), but there was not significant findings in MMT of muscles. There were significant differences between percentages of reduce of pain and increase of ROM in comparison of two groups ( P< 0.05 ). Where as patients that received ordinary PT and strength and stretching of muscles around of hip and knee indicated better recovery signs.
Conclusion: Reduce of lumbar pain with improve of motion and flexibility of muscles such as quadriceps, hamstring, gluteus maximus, iliopsoas and latisimous dorsi in a complete physical therapy approach indicate there are a great correlation between lumbar pain and functionality of lower limb joints. Therefore concentration to flexibility and extensibility of muscles of lower limbs is a basis aim in treatment of patients with lumbar OA.
M. Hozoori, S.a. Keshavarz, M. Hosseini, Sh. Farajzade, A.a. Sabour, H. Sadrzadeh,
Volume 64, Issue 4 (7-2006)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two different regimes, containing different carbohydrate to protein ratios on performance, serum glucose and insulin after exercise in soccer players in Tehran Iran.
Methods: Nineteen male soccer players under training [age = 17/5 +/- 1.5 (SE) yr] were selected and completed two sequential trials separated by 1 week, in a paired cross-over study design. In each trial, subjects after running to fatigue received one of three regimes, using a random- order design as follows: HPRO ( CHO 56%, PRO 19% & fat 25% of total energy) HCHO ( CHO 64%, PRO 11% & fat 25% of total energy) or control ( CHO 60%, PRO 15% & fat 25% of total energy). The calorie of 3 regimes were equal. After consumption of meal up to120 min, blood was obtained before and at intervals. After 3 hours athlete performance was measured.
Results: The study indicates no significant difference in the serum insulin and glucose response among three regimes (P > 0.05). There was no difference in performance between three regimes after 3 h (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggest that post exercise regimes have no influence on performance, serum glucose and serum insulin. Thus total energy content and carbohydrate content may be important in recovery after exercise.
Talebian S, Bahrami Sh, Olyaei Gr, Bagheri H, Hadian Mr,
Volume 64, Issue 7 (8-2006)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to measure isokinetic maximum and average peak torque of internal and external rotators of glenohumeral joint in volley ball and tennis players
Methods: This study was performed on 17 professional female athletes
(7 tennis players &10 volleyball players) with age ranged 18-28 years. The subjects had played in a skilled team for more than 3 years. They were free from injury to their dominant shoulder in the past year. Subjects performed a five minute warm up by shoulder wheel and Maximum average Peak Torque (APT) were obtained unilaterally by a Biodex System 3 with the arm of players in 90 degree abduction at 120,180 & 210 o/s. Players performed five trails of concentric movements with 30 second rest between them.
Results: Maximum and average of maximum torques of shoulder rotator, in both groups, expect for internal rotators of tennis players, reduced by increase of movement speed (P<0.05). There are not significant difference between two groups in maximum, average of maximum torques and normalized data (ratio of maximum torque to weight). There is significant difference between two groups in percentage of APT of External rotator / Internal rotator ratio at 210 o/s (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Volleyball and tennis have no effect on isokinetic strength of shoulder rotators. In high speed, ratio of External rotator / Internal rotator is reduced. This indicates that increase in movement speed increase internal rotator in comparison to external rotator in these professional female athletes.
Farahpour N, Marvi Esfahani M,
Volume 65, Issue 2 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: It has been shown that five deficits of the proprioceptive system and poor motor skills are associated with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, the exact mechanism is unknown. The objectives of this study were to assess the dynamic postural balance behavior of CLBP patients, as well as the effects of a specific exercise therapy for the treatment of CLBP and related postural imbalances.
Methods: Sixteen females with CLBP and 30 healthy females all between 20 and 40 years of age, of similar height and weight, voluntarily participated in this study. Patients underwent a three-month therapeutic exercise program. The disability and back pain of the patients were measured using the Oswestry and Quebec questionnaires, respectively. A dynamic stability platform system (Biodex) was used to evaluate the postural imbalances in both groups. All measurements of the experimental group were repeated after the therapy.
Results: Overall deviation of center of gravity (COG) from COBOS in patients and controls were 3 (±0.3) and 1.3 (±0.2), respectively. Thus, postural imbalances were 2.3 times greater in the patients than those of the controls. After the treatment, the disability and pain of the patients were diminished by 53% and 58%, respectively. Furthermore, with the improvement of the patients COG deviation, both groups had similar posture.
Conclusions: The postural orientation of CLBP patients was significantly improved by the therapeutic exercise program. The applied exercise therapy significantly reduced both the pain and the disability of the patients. Based on these conclusions, we recommend that postural correction be included in regular therapeutic exercise programs.
Mosallanejad Z, Gaeini Abbas Ali, Mosallanejad Leila,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most incidencial problems in
women’s during reproductive age. That effect personal performance in family and society
status. Varied therapeutic treatment has been studied for its promotion. The main
attention was to find a method without complications. This study performed with aim of
assessing effect of one period of continuous aerobic exercise on premenstrual syndrome
in 18-25 years female students in jahrom medical school.
Methods: This study was a kind of semi experimental study with two group plane. Forty
students were assessed for premenstrual syndrome with regular mense, without previous
history of Diabetes mellitus and Thyroid, Gynecologic and psychological disease.
Twenty subjects (with similar VO2 MAX) were selected and randomly divided to two
experimental and control groups. Data gathering was from ILPDD questionnaire
concluded 11 question about signs and symptoms of mental and physical complain
related to premenstrual syndrome that filled by samples. All samples have positive five
complain that four of them depend on mental symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Intensity of quantity of premenstrual syndrome and levels of estrogen and progesterone
were measured. Then, exercise regime including continuous aerobic exercise, were
performed for eight weeks, with frequency of three sessions every week. At the end of 8th
week, posttests were repeated in the situation similar to pretest. Analytic statistic as a
Nonparametric Mann-whitney test, and nonparametric Wilcoxon signed ranks test was
used for comparing variables.
Results: This study showed that after two method of aerobic exercise, somatic and
effective complain was decrease in case group (p>0.05). Hormonal change in two groups
was not significant.
Conclusion: Releaving aerobic experiences is effective for somatic and affective
complains secondary to premenstrual syndrome and this plan can be replace by other
methods of medical management.
Fesharaki M, Omolbanin Paknejad Smj, Kordi R,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background: Asthma is a major health condition in Iran. This randomized clinical trial was aimed for the comparison of the effects of two exercise protocols (aerobic and aerobic-strength) on the pulmonary indices and quality of life of asthmatic patients.
Methods: The study was conducted in pulmonary ward of Dr Shariati Hospital in Tehran, and Research Center of Exercise Medicine of Tehran in 2009. Fifty six asthmatic patients were selected and after two weeks of education, their spirometric parameters were recorded and the St George's respiratory questionnaire was completed. Then patients were randomly assigned to two groups of A and B. For ten weeks group A did the aerobic-strength exercises and group B did only the aerobic ones at home. At the end, again their spirometric parameters were recorded and the questionnaire was completed. Finally 42 patients completed the study.
Results: After the intervention, FEV1 and FVC but not FEV1/FVC increased in group A. There were no changes in these parameters in group B. In addition, post-intervention FEV1 and FVC were significantly higher in group A than group B. All scores of St George's respiratory questionnaire were significantly improved in both groups but they were not different between them.
Conclusions: Our findings showed that regular aerobic exercises, individually or concomitant with strength exercises, could improve vital signs and quality of life of mild to moderate asthmatic patients. However, only aerobic exercises with strength ones improve spirometric parameters. Therefore, a combination of both aerobic and strength exercises could be considered in treatment protocols of asthmatic patients.
Alizadeh Z, Kordi R, Hossein-Zadeh Attar Mj, Mansournia Ma,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (7-2011)
Abstract
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Background: Obesity is a major health problem all around the world. On the other hand, few
people, especially women, are physically active to the levels recommended by Healthy
People 2010 web site managed by
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The
objective of this study was to compare the potential effects of intermittent
and continuous exercise programs combined with concurrent calorie restriction
diets on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in overweight and obese females.
Methods : Forty-five women with a sedentary life style and a BMI
greater than 25 kg/m2,
were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (15
subjects in each group): a) 40
minutes of medium-intensity intermittent exercise (64-76%
of maximal heart rate), 3
bouts per day for 5 days a week, b) a
single bout of a 40-minute continuous
exercise per day for 5 days a week, C)
the non-exercising control group. A self-monitored
calorie restricted diet was recommended to all participants by a dietitian. The
lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and blood pressure of all participants were
assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention
period.
Results : After the intervention, there were no significant differences among the groups
in terms of lipid profile [cholesterol (P=0.94),
triglyceride (P=0.62)] fasting blood sugar (P=0.054),
systolic blood pressure (P=0.84) or diastolic
blood pressure (P=0.30).
Conclusion: There
seems to be no significant differences between short term continuous and
intermittent aerobic exercise programs in improving lipid profile, fasting
blood sugar or blood pressure both in overweight and obese women.
Rashidlamir A, Ebrahimnia M, Hashemi Javaheri Aashemi Javaheri,
Volume 69, Issue 7 (10-2011)
Abstract
Background: Studies indicate that obestatin, an anti-hunger peptide, plays an important role in energy balance, GH secretion, and body weight. It has been physiologically shown that obestatin apposes the function of Ghrelin. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a single session of aerobic exercise in trained women (a 1.5-mile run) on the expression of obestatin gene found in lymphocytes.
Methods: 16 trained female participants (4±1 years of training experience) were voluntarily selected from Khorasan province in Iran and were randomly divided into two groups: the control and aerobic exercise groups. The participants in the aerobic group were asked to run for 1.5 miles with a fixed speed (70 VO2 max) while the controls were passively present in the exercise environment. Following an overnight fast, blood samples (10 ml from the antecubital vein) were collected before and immediately after the exercise from all the participants. Obestatin expression was investigated after separating the lymphocytes by centrifuge and using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
Results: There was a rise in obestatin gene expression in the case group after one session of aerobic training versus the control group but the changes were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The results indicated that a single aerobic exercise could not significantly increase the expression of obestatin. Perhaps the type, duration and intensity of the applied protocol in this study did not have a cumulative effect on this gene although these results are in harmony with the results of other studies in this regard.
Sourati Jabloo D, Attarzadeh Hosseini Sr, Sayadpour Zanjani D, Ahmadi A,
Volume 70, Issue 2 (5-2012)
Abstract
Background: The basal levels of androgens in women decline gradually with age. These changes may reduce muscle strength and bone density leading to fatigue and psychological problems. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of resistance and endurance exercises on androgens, cortisol and lactate concentrations in elderly women.
Methods: In this study, 10 elderly women with a mean age of 54.3±3.74 years and a BMI of 24.88±2.07 kg/m2 completed an endurance exercise session (ES), a resistance exercise session (RS), and a control session (CS) in a randomized, cross-balanced design. The RS consisted of three sets of 10 repetitions of eight exercises with 80% 1RM (one repetition maximum) over of 45 minutes and the ES consisted of cycling at 60%-70% of maximum oxygen consumption for 45 minutes. During the CS, subjects performed no exercise. Before and immediately after exercises, and after 15 minutes of recovery, and also during CS blood samples were obtained an analyzed for serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol and lactate.
Results: There was a significant increase in testosterone levels following resistance and endurance exercise sessions (P<0.05). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate demonstrated a significant increase after resistance exercise (P<0.05). While differences in cortisol levels were not significant within groups, but they were significant (P<0.05) between groups.
Conclusion: A session of resistance exercise in elderly women can increase concentrations of androgens that are essential for their health and well-being.
Amanollahi A, Naghizadeh J, Khatibi A, Hollisaz Mt, Shamsoddini A, Saburi A,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Stretching exercises and massage therapy are both suggested for pain relief in fibromyalgia syndrome. Previous studies have not proved their superiority over each other. This study compared the therapeutic effects of friction massage, stretching exercises, and analgesics on pain relief in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.
Methods: We evaluated 129 female patients with the diagnosis of primary fibromyalgia visited at the physical medicine clinics of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2010- 2011. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: the first group received 400 mg ibuprofen P.O. (3 times per day) and 25 mg nortriptyline (daily) P.O. as analgesic, the second group was treated by friction massage and the third group performed stretching exercises. Patients were assessed three times (initially, after one and four weeks) by visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results: The mean age of participants was 60.46 years. The mean age in each treatment group was 46.66 years in medication group, 46.73 years in stretching group and 46.65 years in friction massage group. Changes in VAS score over 4 weeks were 2.4, 3.1 and 1.9, in the first, second, and third groups, respectively. The changes in VAS were significantly different in the first and second groups rather than the controls (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The effect of stretch exercise on pain relief was similar to analgesics, but it was more effective than friction massage. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of stretching exercise on pain relief upon four weeks was more permanent than friction massage but it was similar to analgesics.
Alizadeh Z, Younespour Sh, Mansournia Ma,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are growing problem. The global community's concern is to find the best strategy to obtain a more efficient process of weight reduction, increase physical activity, and minimize weight regain level. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of a short-term intervention on weight changes.
Methods: The present study is a one-year follow-up study of a 12-week intervention during which the 15 individuals in the intermittent group performed 40 minutes exercise in three bouts per day however, the 15 participants of the continuous group did the same but 40 minutes continuously. The 15 participants in the control group had no exercise prescription. After one year, weight changes, body fat percentage, and BMI were re-evaluated in the groups.
Results: After adjusting the baseline weight, patterns of change in the mean weights from the end of the third month to the twelfth month were different across groups (P=0.02). After significant weight loss in the intermittent group, the mean weight in this group increased by 2.32 kilograms during the period, although not statistically significant. No increase was observed in the control group’s mean weight (P=1.00). In the continuous group, the mean weight increased statistically (P=0.048, 3.63 kilograms).
Conclusion: It seems that long-term effects of moderate intensity intermittent aerobic exercise in overweight and obese women on weight control are more efficient than those of continuous exercise. However, for a change in lifestyle and prevention of weight regain, longer follow-ups are required.
Arazi H, Rahmaninia F, Azali K, Mehrtash M,
Volume 71, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background: Probably L-Carnitine can induce increasing of Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, decreasing of lactic acid production and performance improvements due to the reinforcement of long chain fatty acid oxidation and stabilize of Coenzyme A (CoASH) to free Coenzyme A (COA). Based on this, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute L-Carnitine supplementation on blood lactate, glucose, VO2max and anaerobic power in trained men.
Methods: Sixteen trained men (aged 19-23) volunteers from University of Guilan, facul-ty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences participated as subjects in this investiga-tion. Subjects divided to aerobic (A) and anaerobic (An) group randomly. In a double blind design, subjects participated in two separated tests by one week. Subjects ingested 3 grams of L-Carnitine supplementation or placebo (maltodextrin) 90 minute before aerobic and anaerobic exercise. For aerobic activity used shuttle run 20 meter and for anaerobic activity used RAST test. Blood samples were collected 5 minute prior at rest and 4 minute post tests. Participants were asked in the morning to obtain fasting blood samples and perform tests. A t-test was used to detect differences between supplementa-tion and placebo groups in each exercise.
Results: L-Carnitine group ((A) 141.25±20.62 and (An) 145.38±55.47) significantly had lower lactate concentration than placebo ((A) 151.00±20.85 and (An) 152.50±28.59) after tests (P≤0.05). L-Carnitine group ((A) 136.00±19.74 and (An) 115.50±13.64) had significa-ntly higher blood glucose compared to placebo ((A) 121.62±15.65 and (An) 110.12±12.63) too (P≤0.05). Also, VO2max, mean and maximum anaerobic power in L-Carnitine group were significantly more than ones in placebo (P<0.05).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that acute oral supplementation of L-Carnitine can induce fatigue decreasing and improvement of aerobic and anaerobic performance.
Maryam Amirazodi , Farhad Daryanoosh , Mohamad Ali Babaee Begi , Maryam Koshki Jahromi , Amin Mehrabi ,
Volume 71, Issue 3 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) plays an important role in modulating coronary blood flow and heart rate. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of low intensity aerobic exercise on plasma levels of VIP hormone, blood pressure and heart rate in healthy elderly men and women, and patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: In this study, 15 healthy women and 15 healthy men and 15 female and 15 male with CAD disease were randomly chosen as the experimental and control groups. Subjects did aerobic exercises tree days/week, for eight weeks, with the heart rate of 10010 beats per minute. Blood samples were taken from each subject in three stages, (before, immediately after and 24 hours after the 8 weeks of exercising).
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference among plasma VIP levels in the four groups. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between the systolic blood pressure in the four groups (P=0.01) and the systolic blood pressure in male patients and healthy women (P=0.03) while there was no meaningful difference the systolic blood pressure in the two other groups. There was also a significant difference in the heart rate of the three rounds of sampling in the three of groups (P=0.002) but no significant difference was observed in healthy men.
Conclusion: According to the above results, it seems that the duration and intensity of each workout should be considered to reach the VIP stimulation threshold. It may bring about considerable changes in VIP levels.
Bakhtyar Tartibian , Rounak Parse, Behrouz Baghaiee ,
Volume 71, Issue 6 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of olive oil on interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and cortisol hormone in response to exhaustive exercise in active girls.
Methods: Twenty four healthy girls aged 21-27 years participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to supplement (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Supplemented group was fed with olive oil for one week. Blood samples were taken in a week before of exercise test, before exercise, immediately and 1 hour after the end of the exercise.
Results: There was a significant increase in the level of cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α in the supplement and control groups in compared with a week before of exercise test and before exercise test (P≤0.05). There was no significant difference in cortisol levels between the two groups (P≥0.05), but there was a significant difference between the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in immediately and one hour after the end of exercise (P≤0.05). These markers were lower in the supplement group.
Conclusion: Our results show olive oil prevent from increasing inflammatory markers in active girls during exhaustive exercise.
Farhad Daryanoosh , Hossein Jafari , Eskandar Rahimi , Davood Mehrbani , Firouz Soltani ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background: Adipokines are peptides secreted by adipose tissue that affect whole-body energy metabolism. Exercise training exerts beneficial effects on adipose tissue. However, less is known regarding visfatin’s, IL-6 & TNF-α response to an interval acute training. Therefore, we investigated the effects of acute interval exercise on plasma visfatin, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, in healthy female rats. Furthermore, correlate between changes probably these factors were also assessed.
Methods: This study was conducted experimentally. Forty five female sprague dawley rat were randomly divided into three groups: pre test (n= 15), treadmill exercise (n= 15) and sedentary controls (n= 15). The acute alternative exercise consisted of treadmill running: 3 session/ week for 8 week. The changes of plasma IL-6, TNF-α and Visfatin levels were measured by ELISA analysis. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with measures (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey test.
Results: Acute interval treadmill exercise led to significant decreases in visfatin (P= 0/036), IL-6 (P= 0/009) and TNF-α (P= 0/022) plasma levels between the groups. Also, this study no significant correlations between the changes in adipokines were observed.
Conclusion: Decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 correlated with intensity and duration exercise. Furthermore, probably there were some factors except weight decreasing that affects on visfatin decrease. Therefore, the reduction of this factor may cause in preventing metabolic disease.
Mehdi Mohebi , Khalil Pourkhalili , Mahnaz Kesmati , Samad Akbarzadeh , Zahra Akbari ,
Volume 72, Issue 3 (6-2014)
Abstract
Background: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS) are mainly abused by athletes for improvement of muscle performance. Data suggest that the effect of AAS on neurobiochemicals related to behavioral response, may be underlies psychological adverse effects. Physical activity has beneficial psychophysiological effects, which may be related to increased serum levels of endogenous opioid peptides during exercise. In the present study we aimed to study the effect of chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate on beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin level in exercising rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned in two main groups of sedentary and trained (2 weeks swimming exercise). Animals in each group were divided in two subgroups of control (received nandrolone solvent) and drug treatment (received nandrolone 15 mg/kg, 5 times/week). After two weeks of swimming exercise and drug treatment, serum levels of beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin were measured using ELIZA.
Results: Our data showed that two weeks of swimming exercise training significantly increased serum beta-endorphin (114±5 vs. 98±5 ng/l in control group, P= 0.038) and met-enkephalin levels (1556±42 vs. 1475±27 ng/l in control group, P= 0.25). However, chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate in trained group considerably de-creased beta-endorphin (84±4 vs. 114±5 ng/l in control group, P= 0.002) and met-enkephalin levels (1378±36 vs. 1556±42 ng/l in control group, P= 0.011). The effect of supraphysiologic doses of nandrolone decanoate in control sedentary group was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: In the present study we show that chronic nandrolone decanoate admin-istration attenuates effects of two weeks swimming exercise on serum opioid peptide and reduces the level of beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin. Keeping in mind that opi-oidergic system play an important role in behavior, athletes abusing anabolic steroid drugs may potentially experience changes in mood and behavior.
Bakhtiar Tartibian , Zeinab Sheikhlou , Abbas Malandish , Mohammad Rahmati-Yamchi , Rogayee Afsar Garebag,
Volume 74, Issue 10 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Studies show that aerobic exercise prevents osteoporosis in menopause by stimulating osteoblastic cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on alkaline phosphatase gene expression, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and calcium in sedentary women.
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Methods: This investigation is a semi-experimental study that was performed in September 2015 at Urmia University, Iran. The statistical population was all healthy and sedentary postmenopausal women 50 to 65 years old in Urmia city. Twenty sedentary postmenopausal women with an average age 60.12±2.12 yr, weight 72.35±10.50 kg, and body mass index 29.46±3.24 kg/m2 voluntarily and bona fide participated in this study, and then subjects were randomly divided to the Exercise/E (10 women) and Control/C (10 women) groups by random sampling method. E group performed of 12 weeks walking and jogging moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at 65-70% maximal heart rate of training, three sessions per week and per session 50-60 (min), but the C group participated in no intervention. Twenty-four hours before and after the 12-week training program were taken blood samples in order to measure of alkaline phosphatase gene expression and serum markers of bone in the E and C Groups. Evaluation of gene expression and serum markers of bone were measured by real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Auto-analyzer (Biotechnica, Italy)/ ELISA reader (Awareness Inc., USA) machines, respectively. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential (ANCOVA test) statistics using SPSS version 23 (Chicago, IL, USA) and a significance level of P≥0.05 was considered.
Results: The results showed that alkaline phosphatase gene expression and parathyroid hormone after 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in between-groups were significantly increased (P=0.027 and P=0.006, respectively), while serum levels of calcium and alkaline phosphatase were not significantly different (P=0.941 and P=0.990, respectively).
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Conclusion: The results suggest that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise of walking and jogging at 65-70% maximal heart rate of training increases alkaline phosphatase gene expression and parathyroid hormone in sedentary postmenopausal women.
Saied Kamal Sadat-Hoseini , Valiollah Dabidi Roshan ,
Volume 74, Issue 11 (2-2017)
Abstract
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Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent that causes hepatotoxicity via depletion of anti-oxidants and activation of apoptosis. Present study was aimed to investigate the interactive effects of two forced treadmill running and voluntary wheel running exercise training method and Nanocurcumin supplement on hepatic damage, in aging model subjects.
Methods: This experimental research was performed in animals and exercise physiology laboratory of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Iran, in April, 2014. The statistical population was eighty Wistar male rats that, received a daily injection of D-galactose solution for nine weeks (100 mg/kg body weight per day, i.p.) and then, they randomly assigned to 10 groups. The forced treadmill running protocol was progressively between 25 to 54 min/day at the intensity of 15 to 20 m/min for 5 days per week for six weeks and voluntary wheel running exercise was six weeks. DOX was administrated for 15 days (1 mg/mL/kg body weight per day, i.p.). Nanocurcumin supplement was administrated for 14 days (100 mg/kg body weight per day. orally). Superoxide dismutase and apoptosis inducing factor levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
Results: Implementation of two forced treadmill running and voluntary wheel running exercise with Nanocurcumin supplement, respectively led to insignificant decrease and increase in superoxide dismutase levels in comparison with the implementation of this exercise methods alone (P= 0.955 and P= 1.000, respectively). Apoptosis Inducing Factor levels following these two training method with Nanocurcumin supplement, has insignificant decrease in comparison with the implementation of this exercise methods alone (P= 1.000 and P= 1.000, respectively).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, however implementation of these training methods with Nanocurcumin supplement, partly mitigates the side effects of doxorubicin, but this level of intervention is not sufficient to protect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in aging model rats.
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