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Showing 6 results for Fall
Echocardiographic ventricular function evaluation in pulmonary valve insufficiency after surgical repair of Fallot tetralogy
Aarabi M.u, Meraji M, Mortezaeian H,
Volume 65, Issue 4 (7-2007)
Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. The systolic and diastolic function in both ventricles is altered even after successful corrective surgery for this defect with a transannular patch. Pulmonary regurgitation, a common complication after this treatment, is usually well tolerated in childhood. The aim of this study was to assess the combined diastolic and systolic function of both ventricles using the Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (Tei index) in patients who underwent surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot using a transannular patch. In this article we discuss the impact of pulmonary regurgitation on right ventricular function and clinical outcome, the role of echocardiographic imaging, and current management strategies for patients with pulmonary regurgitation after this treatment.
Methods: Sixty eight patients with tetralogy Fallot were studied in Shahid Rajaie referral Cardiovascular Center during 2003-2005. The studied population, 36 male and 32 female with a mean age of 7.5±4 years and a history of corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot using a transannular patch. These patients were randomly selected and assessed by Doppler echocardiography.
Results: Fifty-seven patients (84%) had mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation, whereas 11 patients (16%) had severe pulmonary regurgitation. Right ventricular Tei index was significantly increased in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation compared those with mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation (0.54±0.18 vs 0.24±0.11, P<0.01). Left ventricular Tei index was increased in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation compared those with mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation (0.46±0.22 vs 0.32±0.14, P<0.05).
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that pulmonary regurgitation is a serious complication after repair of tetralogy of Fallot with a transannular patch. Delaying surgery in such patients risks irreversible ventricular function.
The effect of human recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor on sperm motility and survival
Saki Gh, Ghalambor Dezfully F, Sobhani A,
Volume 65, Issue 9 (12-2007)
Abstract

Background: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a group of secreted glycoproteins with molecular weights ranging from 38-67 kD, resulting from differential protein glycosylation. LIF is constitutively expressed at high levels in the human fallopian tube epithelium and has an important role in the motility and vitality of sperm. In the present study, the effect of human recombinant LIF on human sperm motility and survival in vitro was investigated.

Methods: Normal spermatozoa of 30 fertile men were collected and after preparation were incubated in Ham's F10+FCS 10% medium, containing various concentrations (0, 3, 5, 10, and 50 ng/ml) of LIF at 37 ºC under 5% CO2 for 6, 24 and 48 hours. Sperm motion characteristics were measured using a Makler chamber. Sperm survival was determined using the hypoosmotic swelling test. Collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD test using SPSS version 11. The difference in values were considered significant when p<0.05.

Results: Sperm motility was significantly higher after 24 h exposure to 5-10 ng/ml LIF (p<0.05). The survival rate of sperm was significantly prolonged when exposed to 50 ng/ml LIF (p<0.05). Nonprogressive motility and survival rate of sperm were significantly higher after 48 h exposure to 50 ng/ml and 10-50 ng/ml LIF, respectively. (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in progressive sperm motility during the 48 h exposure of sperm to the various concentrations of LIF.

Conclusion: According to our results, the effect of LIF on sperm motility and survival were dependent on the dose of LIF supplementation and the length of incubation.


Mid-term results of pulmonary valve replacement in patients with total correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in Rajaei Heart Center, Tehran, Iran
Alizadeh Sani Z, Farhang I, Kiyavar M,
Volume 69, Issue 9 (12-2011)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of concurrent total correction of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) after pulmonary valve (PV) replacement and its relation to QRS duration and MRI results.
Methods:  In this study, 51 patients with TOF who had the TOF surgery and PV replacement enrolled the study. Demographic data, MRI results such as, right ventricular end diastolic volume, right ventricular end systolic volume, systolic and diastolic indexes noted. Moreover, QRS duration and the patients' cardiac functional class were evaluated immediately before and 6 months after the surgery.
Results:  From 51 patients, 27.5% were female and 72.5% were male. The mean age of participants was 23.48 (SD=5.82) years. Functional class changes were statistically different (P<0.001) comparing the status before and after the surgery. The mean QRS duration before surgery was 130.20 (SD=16.89) ms which was in significant contrast with post-surgical states, 122.45 (SD=16.90) ms (P<0.001). Mean QRS duration before and after surgery was statistically lower in asymptomatic patients (P=0.028 and P=0.025, respectively). There was a statistical relationship between pre-surgical systolic and diastolic indexes to post-surgical functional class as asymptomatic patients had lower systolic and diastolic indexes (P=0.005 and P=0.028, respectively).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that QRS duration before and after surgery can be an indicator to evaluate the cardiac function after surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot. Moreover, systolic and diastolic indexes are factors affecting the good prognosis of patients therefore, PVR surgery needs to be done before the deterioration of systolic and diastolic indexes and cardiomegaly.


Mitral valve Z value in Iranian patients with tetralogy of Fallot
Manouchehr Hekmat , Hamid Ghaderi , Seyedeh Adeleh Mirjafari , Shahram Rajaei Behbahani , Mehran Shahzamani , Gholamreza Masoumi ,
Volume 75, Issue 9 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) refers to a condition in which left ventricular volume is normal or slightly less than normal. Given the differences observed in some Asian patients with TOF, the present study was conducted to investigate left heart by determining Z-scores for the mitral valve in Iranian patients with TOF.
Methods: Eligible subjects in this prospective descriptive study comprised all patients with TOF presenting to Shahid Modarres Hospital in Tehran from March 2012 to March 2015 and diagnosed as the candidates for surgery. After determining the need for surgery and the therapeutic method required, the mitral valve size and Z-scores were calculated. We analyzed sex, age, body surface area (BSA), mitral size (in 2-chamber and 4-chamber view), mitral Z-score, other cardiac anomalies, number of surgery and previous surgery.
Results: Of a total of 80 patients included in the study over 3 years, 29 (36.3%) were male and 51 (63.8%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 7.15±3.37 years and their mitral size was found to be 10-27 mm (16.2±5.99 mm) using echocardiography. Z-scores of the mitral valve were also obtained as -3.09±2.11, ranging between -7.1 SD and +1.3 SD. 58 (72.5%) patients have only TOF and 22 (27.5%) with other cardiac anomalies. 45 patients were for first time underwent surgery and 22 patients for second time, 12 patients for three time and 1 for forth. Of a total of 35 patients had previous surgery, the most common were shunt 15 (42.9%) and then tetralogy of Fallot total correction (TFTC) in 12 (34.3%). Of a total of 80 patients, 59 (73.8%) underwent TFTC, 17 (21.3%) under pulmonary valve replacement and 4 (5%) shunt.
Conclusion: Z-scores of the mitral valve were found to be significantly below the normal value, (i.e. 0±2 SD), in the study patients, suggesting the risk of hypoplastic left heart syndrome in Iranian patients with TOF, nevertheless, the type of TOF examined in these patients might have been different from those observed in other races and regions.
 

Balance in the elderly and its determinants
Mehdi Safarpour, Seyed Reza Hosseini , Hojjat Zeraati , Ali Bijani , Akbar Fotouhi ,
Volume 76, Issue 5 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background: With aging, muscles strength decrease. Balance disorder is one of the common aging problems which can cause falls and serious injuries. The purpose of this study was to present a model along with the determinants of balance status in the elderly.
Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of a cohort study, "investigation of the health status of elderly in Amirkola City", which was performed on 1616 old people aged≥ 60 years, (response rate 72 %). The baseline data of this study were collected in the Center for Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Centre of the Babol University of Medical Sciences during March 2011 to July 2012. We considered the age, sex, physical activity, quadriceps muscle strength, daily activity, serum level of vitamin D, BMI, number of comorbidities and orthostatic hypotension as independent variables. Using the results of Berg balance test, the balance status of participants (as dependent variable) was categorized into two groups: score between 41-56 as normal (low risk of fall) and score < 41 as balance disorder (medium or high risk of fall). Then, the association of independent variables with balance status were evaluated in the logistic regression model.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of participants' age was 69.37±7.6 years, 54.7% of them were men and 7.5% of them had balance disorder. The odds ratio of medium or high falls in women to men, the number of comorbidities, having strong quadriceps to weak muscles, seniors aged 80 years and over, to 60-69, seniors with high physical activity to low physical activity, daily activities were (OR=2.1, 95%CI: 1.0-4.1), (OR=1.7, 95%CI: 1.0-2.9), (OR=0.05, 95%CI: 0.0-0.4), (OR=5.0, 95%CI: 2.3-10.6), (OR=0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-0.6), (OR=14.4, 95%CI: 3.4-60.4), respectively and statistically significant. The odds ratio of fall for vitamin D, orthostatic blood pressure and BMI variables did not show any statistically significant differences. The results of the analysis showed that the balance in all age groups in men was better than women.
Conclusion: Weak quadriceps, aging, being a woman and having comorbidities are the most important risk factors of balance disorder in the elderly.

Epidemiologic study of fall-related head injury in Iran and its comparison with other countries: review article
Kamran Aghakhani , Seyyed Hossein Eslami , Afshin Khara , Mohsen Bijandi ,
Volume 76, Issue 7 (10-2018)
Abstract
Head injury is one of the most important types of injury and is responsible for most of the deaths due to trauma. Low-income and middle-income countries face with more risk factors, but they still lack adequate health-care capacity to deal with complications. Trauma literally means the damage and injury, and head injury was defined as physical damage to the brain or skull caused by external forces. Head trauma is an important event. Anyone can fall including toddlers, adults and elders. There are several mechanisms for head injury, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, assault and violence. After the motor vehicle accidents, fall is the second most important cause of head injury. Deaths from falling in countries with lower socioeconomic conditions are higher. To collect the information for this study, the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were used. Sixty-four related articles were reviewed from 1980 to 2018. The keywords including "head injury", "head trauma", "brain damage", "fall mechanism", "Iran" and "epidemiology" were used to search the articles. According to the findings of this review fall is the second most common head injury mechanism in Iran. The fall mechanism is more common in the age group of young children and elderly. Also, the incidence of fall mechanism is more in males with head injury than women. In most other countries in the world, fall is the first and the second head injury mechanism. Also, falling from lower altitudes is a more common mechanism than a fall from higher altitude in injury to the head. Falling from lower level is a more common mechanism than fall from higher level in head injuries. In addition, the outbreak of the fall mechanism in children and the elderly with head injuries is more. Despite the efforts that have been made in the past years to determine the pattern of epidemiology of head trauma and its results in Iran, there is not enough information on fall-related head injury. Considering that the head traumatic injury is one of the most common and most dangerous outcomes of fall, the purpose of this review study is to investigate epidemiologic fall-related head injury.

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