Search published articles
Showing 11 results for Foot
Mofid A, Yazdani T, Dulabi H, Seyyed Alinaghi S A, Zandieh S,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (3-2008)
Volume 65, Issue 13 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disorder with increasing prevalence. Diabetic foot is a costly and serious chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that if it does not controlled will cause severe morbidities in patients with diabetes mellitus. Based on the study of center of management and prevention of diseases about 230 milliard Rials were expended for direct costs of diabetes annually and instruction of patients about protection of foots in some countries, decrease rate of amputation between 44 to 85% and infact instruction of diabetic patients is the base of treatment and prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus.
Methods: In a cross sectional study with attention to one of important causes of refer of diabetic patients to hospitals diabetic ulcers of foots, we discuss about risk factors and ways of treatment and prevention of them. The study done on patients admitted in endocrinology unit of Imam Khomeini hospital. For analysis we used SPSS 11.5 program. Although the costs for patients are calculated.
Results: In this study from 245 patients that admitted because of diabetic foot (63.26% male and 36.73% female), 74 patients have done amputation. From these 74 patients (30.2%), 65.67% were male and 24.32% were female. Age average was 58.24+12.29 years And the mean duration of DM was 10.56+8.32 years and the past history of diabetic foot was present in 45.95% of them. Past history of smoking was present in 66.21% of patients.
Conclusion: From 245 patients from 1996 to 2001 that admitted because of diabetic foot, 155 patients (63.26%) were male and 90 patients (36.73%) were female. From this numbers the most of them were in 60-70 years old and the least were 20-30 years old. Gender of most of them was male. For treatment of this complication a lot of costs were necessary and instruction of patients decrease this complications.
Akbari H, Fatemi Mj, Shakour Z, Mousavi Sj, Madani P, Pedram Ms,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (1-2013)
Volume 70, Issue 10 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Autograft is the best option in nerve defects when end-to-end repair can not sufficiently preserve nerve continuity. Theoretically, if the severed nerve is reversely grafted, it may prevent axonal growth into nerve branches, and larger amounts of axons will reach the target organ and more satisfactory results will be obtained. In this study we aimed to compare conventional versus reverse nerve grafting.
Methods: This study was performed in Animal laboratory of Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital from April till August 2011. We randomly divided 40 Wistar rats into two groups. We excised 1.5 cm of the right sciatic nerve and anastomosed it conventionally between the proximal and distal ends of the nerve in rats in group A and in a reverse manner in rats in group B. The rats’ footprints were recorded in the first and 16th weeks after surgery. In week 16, the grafted nerves were removed under anesthesia for pathological examination and axon count. Subsequently, the results were compared clinically by sciatic functional index (SFI) through footprint analysis and paraclinically by axon count. A p-value smaller than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Conventional and reverse nerve grafting no had statistically significant differences in clinical assessment in the first and 16th weeks (P=0.87) post-surgically and also no difference in paraclinical assessment in week 16 (P=0.68).
Conclusion: We had no significant clinically or para clinically differences between two approaches. It should be considered that the diameter and length of nerves and muscles in human is larger than rats, so the results of nerve repair may differ in human. We suggest a study in animal model which is anatomically more similar to human.
Mahboubeh Haji Abdolbaghi , Mohammadreza Pourmand , Solmaz Taghizadegan ,
Volume 73, Issue 3 (6-2015)
Volume 73, Issue 3 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot infections a common complication of diabetes. Staphylococcus aureus is most common pathogen associated with diabetic foot infection. Frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) associated with diabetic foot infection at other country is 15-30% and important cause at hospital acquired infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic organisms and the prevalence and contributing factors of MRSA in patients with diabetic foot infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study from 70 diabetic foot infection at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran from March 2013 to September 2014. A retrospective analysis of wound swabs taken from infected foot ulcers in diabetic patient, selected from an outpatient diabetic foot. Swabs were used to obtain tissue fluid from the base after debriding the ulcer with a sterile scalpel. Sixty patients with positive wound swabs were included. Size of ulcer and ulcer grade were measured in all patients. Results: A total of 61 microorganisms were isolated. The mean number of isolate was 0/87. Corynebacterium spp were the sole pathogen in three cases than taked into normal flora. There wasn’t significant P-value between demographic subjects and MRSA frequency. In this study, P= 0/05, CI:95% were considered statistically significant. Gram-positive aerobic bacteria were the most common micro-organism isolated (52.54%) followed by gram-negative aerobic bacteria (44.26%). among the gram-positive aerobic organisms, Staphylococcus aureus was found most frequently and 10% were MRSA that confirmed by E-test. There wasn’t significantly different in measurement of the MRSA positive patients compared to MRSA negative patients (P> 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, MRSA prevalence was similar to other Asian studies and different from west countries study. There wasn't significant difference between gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms that look out to change of microbiological profile in diabetic foot infections and creation multi-drug resistant bacteria. MRSA infections and other multi drug resistant organisms is a serious problem and increasing problem in diabetic foot infections. Further studies are required to assess the need for antibiotics in treating foot ulcers in diabetes and to assess the optimal therapeutic management.
Mohammadreza Effatparvar , Nima Jamshidi , Alireza Asghari Ardabili ,
Volume 75, Issue 2 (5-2017)
Volume 75, Issue 2 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background: Application of Hybrid 6 degrees of freedom fixation could lead to space motion in each 3 anatomic plates together and decrease the time of complex deformities correction. This study is an investigation on the function of hybrid external fixation and the influence of it on decreasing the treatment time. About this case utilize of Ortho-SUV Frame (OSF) system is explained for the first time in Iran and report of its novel. These robotic systems are divided into two groups: active and passive, about active system all movements are done by actuators in joints and links. And in passive, the system needs an operator or patient to actuates Sturats by hand.
Methods: The femur bone has been investigated was non::::union:::: with deformity in sagittal, frontal and transversal planes. Ilizarov external fixation was applicate firstly, with this condition that the OSF systems jacks were replaced instead of simple rods in side of fracture. Software work was done on February of 2016 in Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Fractures were happened in a car accident and some other operating were perforemed for this patient without any result.
|
Results: The correction of studied deformity needs 3 planar moving. Acting this movement by Ilizarov requirements 33 mm displacement in frontal plane, 12 mm horizontal distraction and 48 mm displacement in sagittal plane. Due to the rate of correction in Ilizarov which is 1 mm per day, this bone needs 93 days for general correction and three times changing in shape of rings connections. While, by using the hybrid external fixation, all displacements were corrected in 46 days and first connection had supported all planes. Conclusion: According to that the decreasing of treatment time is one of the main goal, the hybrid external fixation systems could be an appointment choice in complex deformities and replaced with some common fixation. In addition to, using of updated software increases the accuracy of displacement. |
Parviz Saleh , Mohammadamin Rezazadehsaatlou , Sara Tofighi ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Volume 75, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Abstract
Background: Studies indicate a prevalence of 39.2% diabetes mellitus (DM) as the most common underlying cause in patients with dialysis. Statistics showed that the rates of morbidity and mortality were higher in hemodialysis patients with diabetes compared with hemodialysis patients without diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors responsible for infections in patient’s chronic renal failure on hemodialysis patients having diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 30 randomly selected hemodialysis patients who were referred to Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz from April 2016 to April 2017. The patients' records were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were collected in designed questionnaires for further analysis.
Results: 63.3% of patients were males and 36.7% were females. The average age of study population was 51.23±12.74. Duration of dialysis was 5.15±3.58 years. The average HBA1C was 9.08±1.48. Bacterial cause of feet ulcer was isolated only in 56.7% of cases. Isolated bacteria were anaerobic (47.05%), gram-positive (35.29%) and gram negative (17.64%). Amputation was performed in 26.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 13.3% of patients. Low personal hygiene, presence of vasculopathy, mortality and amputation was higher in anaerobic infections. Most infections were seen in patients with inadequate dialysis. Low dialysis adequacy, amputation, vasculopathy, increased duration of dialysis, poor hygiene was seen in patients with higher HbA1C.
Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of diabetic foot ulcers caused by anaerobic infections, because of the outcome of amputation and higher mortality rates in these patients, the prognosis is worse than other cases. Also, due to the direct relationship between personal hygiene and the development of anaerobic infections, it is possible to prevent these infections significantly by following these considerations. Most infections were found to be inappropriate in dialysis adequately. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patient's diabetes in the long run and the importance of this can control the complications of diabetes, including vasculopathy, followed by the need for amputation for fighting against diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 30 randomly selected hemodialysis patients who were referred to Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz from April 2016 to April 2017. The patients' records were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were collected in designed questionnaires for further analysis.
Results: 63.3% of patients were males and 36.7% were females. The average age of study population was 51.23±12.74. Duration of dialysis was 5.15±3.58 years. The average HBA1C was 9.08±1.48. Bacterial cause of feet ulcer was isolated only in 56.7% of cases. Isolated bacteria were anaerobic (47.05%), gram-positive (35.29%) and gram negative (17.64%). Amputation was performed in 26.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 13.3% of patients. Low personal hygiene, presence of vasculopathy, mortality and amputation was higher in anaerobic infections. Most infections were seen in patients with inadequate dialysis. Low dialysis adequacy, amputation, vasculopathy, increased duration of dialysis, poor hygiene was seen in patients with higher HbA1C.
Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of diabetic foot ulcers caused by anaerobic infections, because of the outcome of amputation and higher mortality rates in these patients, the prognosis is worse than other cases. Also, due to the direct relationship between personal hygiene and the development of anaerobic infections, it is possible to prevent these infections significantly by following these considerations. Most infections were found to be inappropriate in dialysis adequately. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patient's diabetes in the long run and the importance of this can control the complications of diabetes, including vasculopathy, followed by the need for amputation for fighting against diabetic foot ulcers.
Azadeh Zahedi, Seyed Mokhtar Esmaeilnejadganji , Sekineh Kamali Ahangar , Rahmatollah Jokar,
Volume 77, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Volume 77, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent disease worldwide and foot ulcer is one of the serious complications of chronic uncontrolled diabetes which could lead to various complications such as amputation of the extremity if left untreated. Total contact casting (TCC) is the gold standard in treatment of neuropathic and neuro ischemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) on which less emphasize is seen on routine medical practice. The aim of this study was to emphasize on healing effect of this off-loading method and to study the possible influence of variants on the healing rate of this technique.
Methods: In this cohort study, 92 diabetic patients with complaint of plantar foot ulcer grade 0, 1 and 2 according to Wagner classification had participated in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol City, Iran, from March 2014 to February 2016. The demographic and biochemical information along with dimensions of foot ulcers were carefully recorded. After the primary cleansing, surgical debridement and dressing, TCC was applied on foot by the specialist and they were requested to return weekly for changing the TCC and re-evaluation of ulcers. The healing rate was calculated as decline in ulcer surface area per week.
Results: 92 patients of study sample with mean age of 63.9±10.56 year consisted of 76 patients with DM type 2 with BMI of 31.16±3.8 kg/m² and 58 male patients. The average healing rate of ulcers treated with TCC was 0.406 ±0.168 cm²/week. The duration of diabetes on average was 17.23±6.93 years. Most of the patients (n=45) had an ulcer on the forefoot and the healing rate of midfoot ulcers was slower. The average amount of baseline HbA1c was 8.2±0.19%. There was no relation between smoking history (P=0.94) and anti-diabetic regimen used by patients (P=0.754) with the healing rate.
Conclusion: The healing rate is slower in elderly patients and those with longer duration of diabetes. So in these two groups, TCC is to be applied for a longer duration in order to achieve complete healing.
Methods: In this cohort study, 92 diabetic patients with complaint of plantar foot ulcer grade 0, 1 and 2 according to Wagner classification had participated in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol City, Iran, from March 2014 to February 2016. The demographic and biochemical information along with dimensions of foot ulcers were carefully recorded. After the primary cleansing, surgical debridement and dressing, TCC was applied on foot by the specialist and they were requested to return weekly for changing the TCC and re-evaluation of ulcers. The healing rate was calculated as decline in ulcer surface area per week.
Results: 92 patients of study sample with mean age of 63.9±10.56 year consisted of 76 patients with DM type 2 with BMI of 31.16±3.8 kg/m² and 58 male patients. The average healing rate of ulcers treated with TCC was 0.406 ±0.168 cm²/week. The duration of diabetes on average was 17.23±6.93 years. Most of the patients (n=45) had an ulcer on the forefoot and the healing rate of midfoot ulcers was slower. The average amount of baseline HbA1c was 8.2±0.19%. There was no relation between smoking history (P=0.94) and anti-diabetic regimen used by patients (P=0.754) with the healing rate.
Conclusion: The healing rate is slower in elderly patients and those with longer duration of diabetes. So in these two groups, TCC is to be applied for a longer duration in order to achieve complete healing.
Mohammad Reza Amini , Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Neda Mehrdad, Mahnaz Sanjari, Maryam Aalaa, Neda Alijani,
Volume 79, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Volume 79, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot infection is the most common complication of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) leading to amputation. The treatment requires special attention to disease conditions, proper diagnosis, appropriate sampling for cultures, careful selection of antibiotics, rapid determination of the patient’s need for surgical intervention, and wound care. Clearly a systematic approach or, if possible, an evidence-based approach by using clinical guidelines about diabetic foot infections will lead to better outcomes. In this regard, this article aims to adopt the IWGDF clinical practice guideline on DFU infection.
Methods: In this study, the adoption of the international evidence-based clinical guidelines on the DFU infection was carried out using the ADAPTE methodology, which involved three stages of setup, adoption, and finalization. AGREE II tool was used to evaluate the quality of the selected clinical guideline.
| Results: The results of this adopted clinical guideline according to the national facilities and access to equipment are described with 26 recommendations along with related reasons for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot ulcer infections. The recommendation categorized into six different categories including Classification/ Diagnosis, Osteomyelitis, Assessing severity, Microbiological considerations, Surgical treatment, Antimicrobial therapy. Conclusion: The mentioned recommendations in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot ulcer infections extracted based on the methodology of systematic review studies. Actually the opinion of experts have been prepared and adjusted according to the limitations, equipment and facilities in the country. But in general, there are some challenges in diabetic foot infections should be considered as well. So monitoring the treatment of infection, optimal duration of antibiotic treatment, optimal treatment of infection in low-income countries, time and type of imaging studies, selection of medical or surgical treatments and hospitalization conditions are some of these challenges. However the definition and practical clinical application for the concept of bacterial bioburden of the wound for wound healing, evaluating the cost-effectiveness of new technologies in improving treatment and appropriate interpretation of microbiological (genotypic) microbiological tests are important too. |
Mandana Rezaei, Nader Sadri-Aghdam , Mahmood Reza Azghani, Fariba Ghaderi, Hakimeh Adigozali,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (11-2022)
Volume 80, Issue 8 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background: Isokinetic dynamometry is a golden standard test to estimate lower extremity sport related injuries in the athlete assessment. Dynamometry is also commonly used to design preventive protocols. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of hip joint positioning in seated and lying positions on knee joint dynamometry indices, including extensor and flexor peak torques in football and track and field athletes.
Methods: Forty four male athletes (including 22 football players and 22 track and field athletes) have participated in this descriptive-analytic study. The sampling method was simple nonrandom sampling. This study was conducted in the Biomechanics laboratory of the Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences since October 2019 to October 2020. Knee joint dynamometry indices were consisted of concentric and eccentric flexor and extensor peak torques at 60 degrees per second velocity. Optimum length, angle of crossover, and the muscle balance ratios (concentric extensor peak torque/concentric flexor peak torque and eccentric extensor peak torque/concentric flexor peak torque) were also evaluated. All assessments were performed in both seated and lying positions. The indices were compared between football players and track and field athletes.
Methods: Forty four male athletes (including 22 football players and 22 track and field athletes) have participated in this descriptive-analytic study. The sampling method was simple nonrandom sampling. This study was conducted in the Biomechanics laboratory of the Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences since October 2019 to October 2020. Knee joint dynamometry indices were consisted of concentric and eccentric flexor and extensor peak torques at 60 degrees per second velocity. Optimum length, angle of crossover, and the muscle balance ratios (concentric extensor peak torque/concentric flexor peak torque and eccentric extensor peak torque/concentric flexor peak torque) were also evaluated. All assessments were performed in both seated and lying positions. The indices were compared between football players and track and field athletes.
|
Results: The interaction effect of group and hip joint was not significant (P<0.05). Further, concentric and eccentric flexor and extensor peak torques and conventional flexor to extensor ratio were higher meaningfully in the seated position compared to the lying (P<0.05). Optimum length was significantly higher in the lying position, but the angle of crossover was higher in the seated position (P<0.05). The hip joint position was not effective on the functional flexor to extensor ratio (P>0.05). Also, dynamometry indices were not different between football and track and field groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Findings revealed the effects of hip joint position on strength measurements in football and track and field athletes. This factor should be considered to design strengthening exercises for athletes and also to estimate the sport injury risk. |
Somayeh Zamani, Mohammad Reza Sasani , Mahdi Saeedi-Moghadam ,
Volume 81, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Volume 81, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background: MRI is the imaging modality of choice for the detection of diabetic pedal osteomyelitis. The aim of this study is to compare the STIR sequence, as the most important fluid-sensitive sequence, with contrast-enhanced images for diagnosing diabetic pedal osteomyelitis.
Methods: Medical images were compared. Moreover, the effect of adding T1W image findings to the STIR sequence was evaluated. This cross sectional study was collected and analyzed at Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from 20 March 2016 to 22 September 2017.
Results: The final diagnosis of osteomyelitis was confirmed for 47 bones (78%). 13 bones (22%) didn't have osteomyelitis. The specificity of contrast-enhanced and STIR sequences was 92.3% and 53.8%, respectively; whereas the sensitivity of the two sequences was similar (100%). Records of 48 diabetic patients suspected of having pedal osteomyelitis referred to one of the university hospitals, who underwent foot MRI with and without contrast injection, were assessed. Overall, 48 Patient MRIs and 60 separate bony parts were evaluated. Diagnoses were confirmed by clinical correlation. Finally, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of STIR sequence and contrast-enhanced images were compared. Moreover, the effect of addition of T1W image findings to STIR sequence was evaluated.
Conclusion: This study was performed to suggest a pulse sequence that doesn’t need contrast media injection for diagnosing diabetic pedal osteomyelitis since the previous studies showed that gadolinium-based contrast media shouldn’t be applied in patients with renal failure (glomerular filtration rate<30 ml/min/1.73m2. According to the results STIR images had the same sensitivity as T1 post-contrast images; therefore, it can be concluded that contrast media injection can be avoided using this pulse sequence. The specificity of the STIR pulse sequence was lower than that of post-contrast images which was due to the lower ability of this pulse sequence to detect secondary symptoms of osteomyelitis such as cortex disruption, sinus path, and abscess. Using the T1 pre-contrast images, specificity and diagnostic accuracy increased. Finally, it can be concluded that MRI without contrast including STIR and pre-contrast T1W images is a reliable modality for the detection of osteomyelitis in suspected diabetic patients who are more prone to renal disorders.
Methods: Medical images were compared. Moreover, the effect of adding T1W image findings to the STIR sequence was evaluated. This cross sectional study was collected and analyzed at Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from 20 March 2016 to 22 September 2017.
Results: The final diagnosis of osteomyelitis was confirmed for 47 bones (78%). 13 bones (22%) didn't have osteomyelitis. The specificity of contrast-enhanced and STIR sequences was 92.3% and 53.8%, respectively; whereas the sensitivity of the two sequences was similar (100%). Records of 48 diabetic patients suspected of having pedal osteomyelitis referred to one of the university hospitals, who underwent foot MRI with and without contrast injection, were assessed. Overall, 48 Patient MRIs and 60 separate bony parts were evaluated. Diagnoses were confirmed by clinical correlation. Finally, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of STIR sequence and contrast-enhanced images were compared. Moreover, the effect of addition of T1W image findings to STIR sequence was evaluated.
Conclusion: This study was performed to suggest a pulse sequence that doesn’t need contrast media injection for diagnosing diabetic pedal osteomyelitis since the previous studies showed that gadolinium-based contrast media shouldn’t be applied in patients with renal failure (glomerular filtration rate<30 ml/min/1.73m2. According to the results STIR images had the same sensitivity as T1 post-contrast images; therefore, it can be concluded that contrast media injection can be avoided using this pulse sequence. The specificity of the STIR pulse sequence was lower than that of post-contrast images which was due to the lower ability of this pulse sequence to detect secondary symptoms of osteomyelitis such as cortex disruption, sinus path, and abscess. Using the T1 pre-contrast images, specificity and diagnostic accuracy increased. Finally, it can be concluded that MRI without contrast including STIR and pre-contrast T1W images is a reliable modality for the detection of osteomyelitis in suspected diabetic patients who are more prone to renal disorders.
|
|
Zinat Ashnagar, Mohammad-Reza Hadian, Rahimeh Mahmoodi,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (12-2023)
Volume 81, Issue 9 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Foot posture is proposed as an important factor that may affect the lower limb alignment. Variations from the normal foot posture may contribute to musculoskeletal injuries of the lower extremity especially knee joint. Considering variations in foot posture and knee joint alignment, this study aimed to assess and compare pennation angles of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) in women with pronated foot posture and normal ones.
Methods: This observational, case-control study was carried out on 31 women with pronated foot posture (foot posture index: 6-12) and 31 women with normal foot posture (foot posture index: 0-5) in the age range of 18 to 35 years old. Participants were recruited from female students of university communities using Non-probability Sampling method. Sampling was carried out from September 2019 up to February 2020 at the biomechanics laboratory of rehabilitation faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The pennation angle of VMO, VM and VL muscles was measured by using two dimensional. B-mode ultrasound imaging (USI) .A 7.5MHz linear transducer with 50mm footprint was used for the measurements. The ultrasound images were analyzed using Image J software. Three longitudinal scans were captured for each muscle pennation angle while the probe removed between each scan.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is no statistical significant difference between the pennation angles of VMO, VM and VL in women’s foot posture compare to the normal ones (P>0.05).
However, the results of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of USI measurements showed “good” intrarater reliability for VMO (ICC=0.88), VM (ICC=0.87) and VL (ICC= 0.77) pennation angles.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the pennation angle of knee extensor muscles (VMO, VM, and VL), which was measured in non-weight bearing, is not different in young women with pronated foot compared to the normal ones. In addition, USI demonstrated good reliability for measuring VMO, VM and VL pennation angles.
Methods: This observational, case-control study was carried out on 31 women with pronated foot posture (foot posture index: 6-12) and 31 women with normal foot posture (foot posture index: 0-5) in the age range of 18 to 35 years old. Participants were recruited from female students of university communities using Non-probability Sampling method. Sampling was carried out from September 2019 up to February 2020 at the biomechanics laboratory of rehabilitation faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The pennation angle of VMO, VM and VL muscles was measured by using two dimensional. B-mode ultrasound imaging (USI) .A 7.5MHz linear transducer with 50mm footprint was used for the measurements. The ultrasound images were analyzed using Image J software. Three longitudinal scans were captured for each muscle pennation angle while the probe removed between each scan.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is no statistical significant difference between the pennation angles of VMO, VM and VL in women’s foot posture compare to the normal ones (P>0.05).
However, the results of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of USI measurements showed “good” intrarater reliability for VMO (ICC=0.88), VM (ICC=0.87) and VL (ICC= 0.77) pennation angles.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the pennation angle of knee extensor muscles (VMO, VM, and VL), which was measured in non-weight bearing, is not different in young women with pronated foot compared to the normal ones. In addition, USI demonstrated good reliability for measuring VMO, VM and VL pennation angles.
Shokoofeh Kazemzadeh, Maryam Khanehzad, Sina Mojaverrostami, Soheila Madadi, Tahereh Alizamir,
Volume 82, Issue 8 (11-2024)
Volume 82, Issue 8 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background: Estimating the stature and identifying unknown bodies is an important challenge for forensic specialists and anthropologists, especially when dismembered and mutilated body parts are found. The purpose of this study was to predict the stature by measuring lower limb parameters and to determine the relationship between stature and thigh length, leg length, foot length and lower limb length in Iranian medical students.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2019 (May-August). The study population consisted of 200 Iranian medical students (100 males and 100 females, aged 17-36 years). Four lower extremity parameters (thigh length, leg length, foot length, and lower limb length) and stature were measured on the left side according to standard measurement methods. All measurements were performed according to ethical standards provided by the Ethics Committee for Human Experimentations. The measurements were done using standard anthropometric instruments. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the stature and the lengths of the four lower extremity parameters. Then, stature prediction was done based on regression equations. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Independent-samples t-test was used to compare the mean values of the anthropometric measurements between males and females. The relationships between quantitative data were evaluated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression was applied to determine the relationship between stature and lower extremity parameters.
Results: The results of this study indicated a strong correlation between stature and lower limb length (r=0.892, P=0.000), foot length (r=0.852, P=0.000) and thigh length (r=0.805, P=0.000) and a moderate correlation between stature and leg length (r=0.505, P=0.000).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that lower limb dimensions and regression equations are appropriate for stature estimation in forensic medicine. However in the future, further research should be conducted to analyze the applicability of these equations for stature estimation in other Iranian populations.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2019 (May-August). The study population consisted of 200 Iranian medical students (100 males and 100 females, aged 17-36 years). Four lower extremity parameters (thigh length, leg length, foot length, and lower limb length) and stature were measured on the left side according to standard measurement methods. All measurements were performed according to ethical standards provided by the Ethics Committee for Human Experimentations. The measurements were done using standard anthropometric instruments. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the stature and the lengths of the four lower extremity parameters. Then, stature prediction was done based on regression equations. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Independent-samples t-test was used to compare the mean values of the anthropometric measurements between males and females. The relationships between quantitative data were evaluated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression was applied to determine the relationship between stature and lower extremity parameters.
Results: The results of this study indicated a strong correlation between stature and lower limb length (r=0.892, P=0.000), foot length (r=0.852, P=0.000) and thigh length (r=0.805, P=0.000) and a moderate correlation between stature and leg length (r=0.505, P=0.000).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that lower limb dimensions and regression equations are appropriate for stature estimation in forensic medicine. However in the future, further research should be conducted to analyze the applicability of these equations for stature estimation in other Iranian populations.
|
|
| Page 1 from 1 |
Related Websites
Site Keywords
Cardiology, Anatomy, Biology, Epidemiology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Physical therapy, Physiology, Dermatology, Endocrinology and metabolicSite Statistics
- Registered users: 8195 users
- Online users: 1 users
- Guest users: 647 users
- All visits: 37221700 visits
- Visits in 24 Hours: 134556 visits
- Total articles: 12009 articles
- Published articles: 5086 articles
© 2026 , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, CC BY-NC 4.0
Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb