Showing 2 results for Hemorrhagic Fever
Emadi Koochak H, Yalda A R, Haj Abdolbagh M, Sood Bakhsh A,
Volume 61, Issue 5 (8-2003)
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) was first described in the Crimea in 1944 and then in 1956 in congo. CCHF is a viral hemorrhagic fever of the Nairovirus group that belongs to Bunyaviridae family virus. It is transmitted to human by tick bite. The most efficient and common tick that is the vectors of CCHF is a member of the Hyalomma genus which infected many mammals such as livestock, this tick is the main reservoire of virus in nature. Humans also become infected with CCHF virus by direct contact with blood or other infected tissues from livestock or human patients (nosocomial infection). Disease has been found in saharic Africa, Eastern Europe, Pakistan, India and Middle East (specially Iran and Iraq). This disease recently spread in Iran so in 1999 to 2001 at least 222 suspected case(81 definite case) reported that led to the death of 15 of 81 cases. It is estimated that 30 percent of the country's cattle are contaminated with this virus.
In humans, after a short incubation period it appears suddenly with fever, chills, myalgia and GI symptoms followed by severe bleeding and DIC that led to death .If the patient improved, has a long {2-4 weeks) convalescence period. Disease diagnosed by clinical manifestations, serologic tests, viral culture and PCR and its specific treatment is oral ribavirin for 10 days, for prevention of disease personal protective measures from tick bite, spraying poison of mews to reduce of ticks crowd, isolation of patients and dis-infection of contaminated personal equipments that who suffering from CCHF is recommended.
Mahboobeh Hajabdolbaghi , Hamid Emadi Kochack , Mohammad Reza Salehi , Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi, Mehdi Usefipour , Afsaneh Motevalli Haghi ,
Volume 73, Issue 4 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background: One of the main reasons of hemorrhagic fevers is Ebola. The high rate of mortality and lack of definite treatment have been caused this infection to be a serious problem in the world. Ebola, especially in the early stages, when causes symptoms such as fever, anorexia and nausea, can be confused with malaria infection and conversely, severe malaria with Ebola. Plasmodium falciparum is an important cause of severe malaria that more than other types of plasmodium confused with Ebola.
Case presentation: The patient is a 54-year-old man who had gone to Sudan about 8 months ago. The patient reported that fever, chills and headache had been started one week before traveling from Sudan to Iran and hematuria was added to his symptoms in third week of illness in Iran. He was referred to the emergency department with probable diagnosis of Ebola. Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes were revealed in his peripheral blood smear. Finally, he was treated with Coartem (artemether/lumefantrine) for malaria and after clinical improvement discharged to home with good condition.
Conclusion: Ebola should be suspected in every patient with fever and a history of traveling to endemic areas. Considering the fact that in most areas where Ebola is endemic also malaria is common, lack of clinical suspicion to malaria causes that clinicians mistake malaria with Ebola. Necessary laboratory tests to rule out important differential diagnoses in patients with suspected Ebola virus contains: Peripheral blood smear for malarial parasite and blood culture and blood cell counts to investigate typhoid fever and other bacterial infections. Therefore, malaria should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in every patient suspected with Ebola.
