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Showing 23 results for Lipid
Predisposing Factors In Patients With Silent Myocardial Infarction Farabi Hospital (2000)
Mahmoodi M J, Gharooni M, Moradmand S, Rezaei N,
Volume 60, Issue 5 (8-2002)
Abstract
Myocardial infarction sequel of coronary artery diseases, can be sometimes asymptomatic, called silent myocardial infarction. Some risk factors predispose the patients to this condition. In this study, we intend to determine the predisposing factors in such patients.
Methods and Materials: We included those patients with electrocardiogram changes, consistent with myocardial infarction, who had not any symptoms of ischemia or a previous history of coronary artery disease, consulted for preoperative work up of eye surgery during the year 2000.
Results: We analyzed 100 patients with the diagnosis of silent myocardial infarction. (59 males and 41 females). Among our patients. 99 percent were above age 50 years of age. Their mean age at the time of study was 69.7 years. 78 percent of patients were illiterate. In 41 of them body mass index was above the normal limits (overweight and obese). Their past medical history revealed that 46 patients had hypertension, 38 patients had hyper-lipidemia. and 26 patients had diabetes mellitus. Also, a positive family history of coronary artery disease was seen in 52 percent of the patients. The rate of cigarette smokers and opium addicts, among our patients, was 33 and 13 percents. respectively. Analysis of electrocardiogram changes, showed that 43 patients had inferior myocardial infarction, 24 had antero-septal. and 17 of them suffered from anterior myocardial infarction.
Conclusion: Almost all of our patients with silent myocardial infarction were in old age group. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, overweight, hyper-lipidemia, and a positive family history of coronary artery disease were the most important predisposing factors, found in such patients, thus taking into account these predisposing factors and control of them would dramatically reduce the prevalence of morbidity and mortality of silent myocardial infarction.
Comparison of the effects of rice bran and wheat bran on serum lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic women
Matani F, Aminpoor A, Tabibi H,
Volume 64, Issue 7 (8-2006)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important causes of mortality in Iran. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Dietary modification such as cereal bran consumption is an approach to reduce this risk factor. The purpose of this present study was to compare the effects of rice bran and wheat bran on serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic women.
Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in which 19 women aged 35-65 years with fasting serum total cholesterol 240-300 mg/dl randomly allocated in two groups of wheat bran and rice bran. All subjects recieved 40 g/day bran in addition to their usual diet for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, dietary assessments by using a 24-hr dietary recall questionnaire and determination of serum lipids were done at the beginning and the end of the study. Data were statistically analyzed by t-test and paired t-test.
Results: There were no significant differences between groups for mean body weight, BMI and dietary confounding factors. During 4 weeks, wheat bran significantly reduced serum total cholesterol and LDL-C by 11% and 21% respectively (P<0.01) but rice bran had no effects on these parameters. No significant changes were found in mean serum triglyceride, HDL-C levels, LDL-C/ HDL-C and total cholesterol/ HDL-C ratios in both groups.
Conclusion: It is concluded that wheat bran have benefical effects on serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels in hypercholesterolemic women in comparision with rice bran.
Does lipoprotein size change with consumption of NCEP phase 2 diet in hypercholesterolemic adolescents?
Azadbakht L, Mirmiran P, Hedayati M, Esmaillzadeh A, Shiva N, Azizi F,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (10-2006)
Abstract
Background: The NCEP step II diet produced a desirable lipoprotein response in hypercholesterolemia. A relation between plasma concentrations of small dense LDL and cardiovascular risk factors has also been mentioned in children. This study was conducted to determine the effects of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) step 2 diets on the low density and high density lipoprotein particle size in dyslipidemic adolescents.
Methods: Forty- four dyslipidemic adolescents, aged 10-18 years, participated in this case-control study. The control group was not given a diet prescription and was simply instructed to “eat as usual”. Their eating patterns reflected the consumption of macronutrients, fruit, vegetables and dairy products, typical of what many Tehranian eat. NCEP step 2 diets was a diet with 30% of calories as total fat, less than 7% saturated fat, less than 200 mg cholesterol, less than 15% of calories as monounsaturated fat and less than 10% as polyunsaturated fat per day. Lipoprotein particle size was the major outcome variables, which was measured after 3 months of intervention. Lipoprotein particle size was estimated by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis using Krauss and Burke methodtion.
Results: The mean body mass index was 26.3±4.2 kg/m2. Baseline characteristics of these adolescents did not differ significantly across the NCEP step 2 and control diet groups. The NCEP diet resulted in higher reduction in total cholesterol (-13±4 vs –2±0.3 mg/dl, p<0.001), LDL (-9±2 vs 3±0.6 mg/dl, p<0.01) and higher increase in size of the LDL (1.7±0.4 vs 0.1±0.4 mg/dl, p<0.001). HDL particle size did not change significantly. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia decreased significantly (p<0.05) in NCEP step 2 group (68% in NCEP step 2 vs 100% in the control group) after 3 months.
Conclusion: NCEP step 2 diet not only reduces the serum LDL concentration of hypercholesterolemic adolescents but also has a favorable effect on the LDL particle size distribution. The related mechanism needs to be studied in future experimental designs.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Cerebrovascular Accidents in patients under 50 years old
Owlia M.b, Hekmati-Moghadam S.h, Dehghani Z, Fallah F, Salimzadeh A.,
Volume 65, Issue 11 (2-2008)
Abstract
Background: Major clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in the central nervous system are generally arterial thrombotic events and a number of non-thrombotic neurologic syndromes. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) are one of the important risk factors for cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). The aim of present study was to assess the relationship between APA titers and CVA in this clinically important age group.
Methods: This case-control study was carried out on patients under 50 years old who had CVA (stroke or transient ischemic attack) in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd (central Iran) from Dec 2003 until March 2005. In this study, 61 patients with CVA were compared with 68 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Lupus anticoagulant assay results and APA titers were assessed in both groups.
Results: The mean value of IgM APA titers in patients with cerebrovascular accidents was 6.492 MPL (IgM antiphospholipid units) and 1.846 MPL in the control group. The difference between the two groups was significant (p-value: 0.000). In 12 (20%) of the patients with cerebrovascular accidents, IgM titers were higher than 10 MPL, one of whom had an IgM titer higher than 40 MPL. The mean value of IgG titers in the case group was 5.50 GPL (IgG antiphospholipid units) and 3.51 GPL in the control group. The difference between the two groups was significant (p-value: 0.012). Thirteen (21%) patients with cerebrovascular accidents had IgG titers higher than 10 GPL. The difference between the LA assay results was not significant between the two groups (p-value: 0.311).
Conclusion: The present study showed a positive relationship between APL (IgM and IgG) titers and CVA in patients under 50 years old.
Relationship of serum magnesium levels and other metabolic indices in renal transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine
Ahmadi F, Naseri R, Lessan Pezeshki M,
Volume 66, Issue 7 (10-2008)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: Cyclosporine is one of the main immunosuppressors used for renal transplant recipients, and is given to prevent transplant rejection. Although the drug increases the survival of patients and grafted organs, it has some side effects independent of its effect on the immune system that are usually ignored. In this study, we evaluate the effect of cyclosporine on serum Mg levels and metabolic side effects in renal graft patients.
Methods: In this study, we followed 157 renal transplant recipients (62 females and 95 males) who were being treated with cyclosporine at a private clinic to prevent transplant rejection. The patients were first physically examined and then blood samples were obtained in order to measure levels of cyclosporine, Mg, creatinine, fasting blood sugar, lipids, calcium, phosphorus, and uric acid levels. We then analyzed the data for correlations between serum Mg levels, cyclosporine and other metabolic complications.
Results: The mean levels of Mg and cyclosporine were 196±0.31mg/dl and 371±192 μg/dl, respectively. Hypomagnesemia was detected in 16 patients (10.2%).There was a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) between levels of Mg and cyclosporine levels (r=-0.53), serum creatinine (r=-0.61), plasma LDL (r=-0.3), fasting blood sugar (r=-0.60) and uric acid (r=-0.36), and no correlation (p>0.05) between levels of Mg and calcium (r=0.2), phosphorus (r=-0.01), triglycerides (r=0.06) and HDL (r=-0.08). Mean levels of cyclosporine, creatinine, LDL, fasting blood sugar and uric acid in patients with hypomagnesemia were significantly different from those patients with normal serum Mg levels (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to mean total cholesterol, HDL, calcium and phosphorus (p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of this and previous studies, there is a significant correlation between cyclosporine levels and hypomagnesemia as well as other biomedical complications secondary to hypomagnesemia. Therefore, we recommend routine serum Mg determination and greater attention to hypomagnesemic patients to prevent further complications.


Dyslipidemia in diabetic patients: a cross sectional study in urban population of Yazd, Iran
Rafiei M, Sadr Bafghi Smh, Nasirian M, Namayandeh Sm, Abdoli Am, Sadr Bafghi Sm,
Volume 66, Issue 7 (10-2008)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 !mso]> ject classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui> Background: Atherosclerosis and the side effects thereof are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. Diabetic dyslipidemia is defined by a decrease in blood levels of HDL cholesterol and increases in triglycerides and LDL cholesterol. Diabetic dyslipidemia is atherogenic, inducing cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients at a frequency that is two to three times greater than that of nondiabetics.
Methods: This study analyzes the data from the first phase of the Yazd Healthy Heart Program, a community intervention project focused on the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Using the cluster sampling method, we analyzed data from 2000 subjects from Yazd, Iran, ranging in age from 20 to 74 years. Clinical and paraclinical data were recorded by trained health providers using a questionnaire with over 700 items.
Results: The most frequent lipid disturbance was TG>150 in 67.1% of the type-II diabetic patients (p<0.000), 54.6% of whom were unaware of their TG level. The mean lipid and TG levels are significantly higher (p<0.000). Furthermore, women as a group have higher mean cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C levels than men (p<0.000). Additionally, diabetic patients were more obese than the nondiabetic population. (p<0.000).
Conclusion: The high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Yazd and hypertriglyceride-mia among diabetics in this city, in addition to the lack of awareness among more than half of these patients about their illness and diagnosis, indicate an urgent need to immediately control dyslipidemia in these high-risk patients.


The effects of radiation leakage of microwave oven on body weight, cortisol, thyroid hormones and lipid profile in immature mice
Jelodar Gh, Beyzaee M,
Volume 68, Issue 3 (6-2010)
Abstract
Background: High-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) is generated by differentsources such as radar installations, radio and television transmitters, medical microwave diathermy device and domestic use of microwave ovens. Radiation leakage of microwave oven may be harmful for users. Kids who are residing near their mothers may expose to electromagnetic field. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of radiation leakage of microwave oven on body weight, cortisol, thyroid hormones and plasma lipid profile. Methods: Radiation leakage of microwave oven was measured by RF measuring instrument. For this study 20 immature (7±3 days old and 5±1 g weight) mice were selected and randomly divided in two groups, control and test group. Test groups were exposed to 2450 MHZ microwaves produced by microwave oven three times a day, 30 minute each time. After 60 days, body weights of both groups were determined and the blood samples were collected by heart puncture. Serum cortisol and thyroid hormones levels were evaluated using RIA method. Results: Radiation leakage from oven showed variations from 6.5 to 57.5 mW/cm2. Mean body weight in test group was 29.5% lower than control group. Serum cortisol, T3 and T4 level were significantly higher in test group compare to control group,(17.44±1.78 vs. 9.94±1.21 ng/ml), (1.39±0.15 vs. 0.86±0.09 nmol/L) and (77.80±7.67 vs.54.6±6.2 nmol/L) respectively. Compare to control group serum Triglyceride level increased while HDL decreased significantly in test group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Microwaves leaked from oven have deleterious effect on body weight, T4 and cortisol level by decreasing weight gain and increasing these hormones.
Serum triglyceride level and prognosis of acute cerebral ischemic stroke
Toghae M, Namakian F, Gheini Mr, Aloosh M,
Volume 68, Issue 7 (10-2010)
Abstract

Background: Cerebrovascular ischemic accident is the third most common cause of death in community. Management of high-risk patients reduces complications and mortality. Serum lipid profile is one of the most important factors influencing the prognosis.

Methods: In this cross sectional study, 123 (58 female and 65 male) patients with acute ischemic stroke, mean aged 65.1± 11.16 years, were admitted to Sina Hospital between September 2008 and September 2009. The inclusion criteria were age between 40-90 years and ischemic stroke within the anterior or posterior brain blood system. The exclusion criteria were brain tumor or abscess, venous sinus thrombosis, liver disease, renal failure, hypothyroidism or metabolic problems. Serum lipid profile was evaluated during the first 24 hours after stroke and after 12 hours of fasting. Furthermore, the patients' inability was evaluated on the first and fifth day of hospitalization by NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS).

Results: Patients' total serum cholesterol was 189.93± 51.46 mg/dl and mean total serum triglycerides was 157.72± 72.67 mg/dl. The mean HDL and LDL was 47.70± 14.43 and 105.98± 37 mg/dl, respectively. In the analysis, a significant inverse relationship was found between serum triglyceride levels and fifth day's NIHSS. In addition, age and a history of heart disease had a significant direct relationship with the first day's NIHSS. (p< 0.05)

Conclusion: The study showed a better prognosis in cases with increased plasma triglyceride levels, after cerebral ischemic stroke. Besides, older age and a history of ischemic heart disease were associated with a worse prognosis.


The effects of continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in women with a body mass index more than 25 kg/m2: a randomized controlled trial
Alizadeh Z, Kordi R, Hossein-Zadeh Attar Mj, Mansournia Ma,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (7-2011)
Abstract

800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: Obesity is a major health problem all around the world. On the other hand, few people, especially women, are physically active to the levels recommended by Healthy People 2010 web site managed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The objective of this study was to compare the potential effects of intermittent and continuous exercise programs combined with concurrent calorie restriction diets on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in overweight and obese females.
Methods : Forty-five women with a sedentary life style and a BMI greater than 25 kg/m2, were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (15 subjects in each group): a) 40 minutes of medium-intensity intermittent exercise (64-76% of maximal heart rate), 3 bouts per day for 5 days a week, b) a single bout of a 40-minute continuous exercise per day for 5 days a week, C) the non-exercising control group. A self-monitored calorie restricted diet was recommended to all participants by a dietitian. The lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and blood pressure of all participants were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention period.
Results : After the intervention, there were no significant differences among the groups in terms of lipid profile [cholesterol (P=0.94), triglyceride (P=0.62)] fasting blood sugar (P=0.054), systolic blood pressure (P=0.84) or diastolic blood pressure (P=0.30).
Conclusion: There seems to be no significant differences between short term continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise programs in improving lipid profile, fasting blood sugar or blood pressure both in overweight and obese women.


Effects of simvastatin with or without fenofibrate on echocardiographic findings of patients with coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia: a brief report
Karbasi-Afshar R, Shahmari A, Shafighi N, Saburi A,
Volume 70, Issue 6 (9-2012)
Abstract

Background: Various therapeutic protocols have been recommended for treating dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of statin use with or without fenofibrate on echocardiographic findings of patients with coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 124 patients with coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia in Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2008 to 2010. The first group of patients (64) received simvastatin (20 mg) and fenofibrate (200 mg) with low lipid diet and exercise while the second group (60) only received simvastatin with low lipid diet and exercise for one year.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.3±6.5 years. The first group showed significant changes in lipid profile and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), (P<0.05). Left ventricular diastolic function parameters showed no significant changes in both groups upon 12 months of treatment.
Conclusion: The results of this study show, one-year treatment by simvastatin and fenofibrate can be effective on lipid profiles, and improve LVEF with resultant positive effect on heart function.


Association of -971 G/A cholesteryl-ester transfer protein gene polymorphism with lipid profile in primary hyperlipidemia
Hassanzadeh T, Barkhordari A,
Volume 70, Issue 7 (10-2012)
Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia are major risk factors for the disease. Considering the role of hyperlipidemia as the underlying cause of cardiovascular mortalities and morbidities, and the limited and conflicting results of studies on CETP gene polymorphisms in Iran, we aimed to study -971 G/A polymorphism of cholesterol ester transfer protein gene in patients with primary hyperlipidemia.
Methods: In this case-control study performed in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (from May 2010 to April 2011), we recruited 200 patients with primary hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol >250 mg/dl and/or triglyceride >200 mg/dl) as the cases and 200 healthy individuals with normal cholesterol and triglyceride as the control group. Gene segments were replicated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and -971 G/A polymorphism genotypes were identified by RFLP technique. Subsequently, plasma CETP activity was measured enzymeatically by a kit in a fluorescence spectrometer.
Results: The allele and genotype frequencies were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the two groups (in the control group: AA 24%, GA 47% and GG 28.5% and in the case group: AA 18%, GA 51% and GG 31%). In the case group, homozygous individuals with A alleles (AA genotype) had greater cholesterol and HDL-c concentrations than those with other alleles (GG and GA). In both cases and controls, individuals with AA genotype had lower CETP concentrations.
Conclusion: We conclude that -971 G/A polymorphism in CETP gene promoter can affect lipid profile and alter CETP activity.


Intralipid efficacy in decreasing Amphotericin B associated nephrotoxicity
Hasibi M, Jafari S, Khazraiyan H, Dehghan Manshadi Sa,
Volume 70, Issue 12 (3-2013)
Abstract

Background: Amphotericin B Deoxycholate (ABD) has been the best therapeutic agent for treatment of most systemic fungal infections. However, untoward adverse effects like nephrotoxicity may limit its appropriate therapeutic use. We studied administration of fat emulsion early after infusion of ABD to evaluate its effects on ABD-associated nephrotoxicity.
Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. Patients with fungal infections admitted in Amir-Alam and Imam-Khomeini University Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, entered the study during 1390- 1391. The patients were randomized to intervention and control groups. In both groups, patients received 1mg/kg/day ABD in dextrose 5%. In intervention arm, the patients additionally received intralipid 10% daily that was started as soon as possible within one hour after infusion of ABD. ABD-associated nephrotoxicity (a minimum 50% increase in baseline serum creatinine to a minimum of 2mg/dl), daily serum creatinine changes during first two weeks of treatment and some other relevant indices of renal function were compared between groups. ABD-related hypokalemia was also compared as an additional target.
Results: Thirty one patients entered the study. ABD-associated nephrotoxicity and values of other relevant indices of renal function were not different between intervention and control groups (P>0.05). Daily changes in serum creatinine level within first two weeks of treatment in both groups were not also statistically different (P=0.62). Furthermore, ABD-related hypokalemia was not significantly different between groups (P=0.47).
Conclusion: Administration of intralipid 10% early after infusion of ABD in dextrose 5% does not have any effect in decreasing ABD-associated nephrotoxicity. Moreover, it does not have any significant effect on ABD-related hypokalemia.


Association between androgenetic alopecia and hyperlipidemia: a comparative study
Ramin Taheri , Sara Mali , Maryam Aziz Zadeh, Raheb Ghorbani ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of progressive balding that appears with early loss of hair, chiefly from the vertex. There has been significant relationship between AGA with coronary artery disease and related risk factors, such as hypertension in some studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between androgenetic alopecia with hyperlipidemia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 112 patients with vertex type AGA (in male grade 3 or higher Hamilton- Norwood scale, and in female grade 2 or higher Ludwig scale) (study group) and 115 persons age and sex matched, with normal hair status (Normal group). None of participants had diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, liver disease, kidney disease and none of them had history of smoking and using drugs with effect on serum lipids. They were 20-35 years old and their body mass index were 20-30. Blood samples were obtained following 12 hours fasting status and serum levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were determined using standard laboratory methods. Total cholesterol greater than 240 or TG greater than 200 or LDL greater than 160 or HDL less than 40 in men or HDL less than 50 in women were considered hyperlipidemia.
Results: In androgenetic alopecia group 46.4% and 47% of normal group were female. Mean (±SE) of total cholesterol (172.4±3.1, 148.8±3.1, P< 0.001), TG (133.6±5.5, 88.3±4.3, P< 0.001), LDL (96.4±2.9, 84.9±2.7, P= 0.004) and HDL (54.9±2.0, 45.5±0.9, P< 0.001) in AGA patients were higher than normal group. %46.4 of patients and %52.2 of controls had hyperlipidemia. Relationship between AGA with hyperlipidemia was not significant (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings showed that there is no relationship between AGA and hyperlipidemia. Regarding to high levels of total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride in AGA patients, it seems that, AGA increases risk of coronary heart disease. To determine a definite association between AGA and hyperlipidemia more studies are recommended.

The effect of Metronidazole on reducing blood lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Behzad Jafarinia , Ali Delpisheh , Aboozar Soleimany , Kourosh Sayehmiri ,
Volume 74, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract

Background: Many studies have reported the effect of metronidazole on reducing blood lipids in different ways, but there is no comprehensive estimation about its effect. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of metronidazole on reducing blood lipid by meta-analysis method.

Methods: This is a systematic review based on the reliable local and international websites including SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, ISI, Pubmed and Scopus. The keywords used for searching were metronidazole, blood lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and height density lipoprotein (HDL). All articles published until the end of March, 2015, about the effect of metronidazole on blood lipids reduction which met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Three independent reviewers checked studies for quality and eligibility and finally extracted the data. The collected data were analyzed by meta-analysis method (random effects model) and by means of Stata, ver. 11.1 (College Station, TX, USA) with a significance level of less than 5%.

Results: In 10 researches, 292 people had been studied and after taking metronidazole, the calculated amount of reduction in blood lipids was 11% (95% CI: 6%-16%) for cholesterol, 14% (95% CI: 4%-24%) for triglyceride and 8% (95% CI: 1%-15%) for low density lipoprotein (LDL) which was statistically significant (P= 0.001). The amount of increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) was also calculated to be 1% (95% CI: 1%-2%) which was not statistically significant (P= 0.08).

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, using metronidazole leads to decrease in the amount of cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL) but it seems that it has not any effect on the increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL).


Total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and uric acid of saliva in smokers and non-smokers: a comparative study
Atena Shiva , Mehran Teimuriyan ,
Volume 74, Issue 9 (12-2016)
Abstract

Background: Smoking is a harmful habit and saliva is the first fluid that is exposed to cigarette smoke as a source of oxidant and peroxidant agent. Salivary antioxidant system plays an important role in its anti-cancer potential. Uric acid has a role as antioxidant in the body and could increase plasma antioxidant capacity and has a specific role as inhibitor on radicals and peroxidant agent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate indicators of oxidative stress or malondialdehyde (MDA) as an important parameter of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidants capacity in smokers and non-smoking persons.

Methods: In this case-control study which was conducted in clinical biochemistry labratory, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences on Spring 2016. The sample on salivary fluids was collected by spitting method in tubs from 50 smokers (cases group) and nonsmokers (controls group) after all night fasting. As soon as saliva was collected, at the first step total whole salivary fluids were centrifuged and the superior parts were transferred in a tub and stored at -80 ℃ until analyzed. Total antioxidant capacity (TCA) of their saliva was evaluated by Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method, lipid peroxidation parameter (MDA) with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and uric acid by calorimetry (uricase) methods. The data were analyzed via SPSS software and independent t-test was used to compare the two groups.

Results: Indicators of oxidative stress, in the case group was 1.17±0.29 nmol/ml significantly higher than compared to control group with 0.91±0.16 nmol/ml. TCA in the case group was 220.66±39.68 μmol/l compared to control group 272.26±40.64 μmol/l was significantly lower (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: The result of this study indicates that smoking can reduce total antioxidant capacity and increase lipid peroxidation parameters. In addition, duration of cigarette using has destructive effects on body that it can lead to several diseases. The important thing is to keep trying to quit smoking. For smokers who are willing to quit, it would be recommend that smokers be managed with a combination of behavioral support and pharmacologic therapy.

The effects of rope training on Paraoxonase-1 enzyme, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in inactive girls
Bahloul Ghorbanian , Fariba Shokrollahi ,
Volume 75, Issue 4 (7-2017)
Abstract
Background: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is one of the most important enzymes for removal of the free radicals, and the main protective factor for lipoproteins against oxidative agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks’ rope training on paraoxonase-1 enzyme, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in inactive overweight and obese girls.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Iranian Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University of Tabriz, from November 2016 to January 2017. In this study, 20 healthy overweight and obese in-active girls (20-25 Yr) volunteered and randomly assigned into exercise (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. Exercise protocol was rope training was 8 week for 4 day per week in 45 minute per day. Some anthropometric indexes of subjects were measured before and after exercise. A fasting blood sample was collected as pre-test and post-test, followed by 48 hours of physical inactivity to measure serum levels of PON1 enzyme, Insulin, lipid profiles and other blood variables. Analysis of the data was performed by paired and independent samples t-tests by using the SPSS software, version 20 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). The criterion of statistical significance was set as P<0.05.
Results: The paired samples t-test results showed that after exercise intervention, in exercise group, the values of all variables (except low-density lipoprotein) were significantly changed. Also, to compare with control group, the values of PON1 enzyme (P=0.024) and maximum oxygen consumption (P=0.006) significantly increased and insulin resistance index (P=0.028), triglyceride (P=0.046) and body fat percent (P=0.001) were significantly decreased (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that performing rope training for 8 weeks induced positive changes in paraoxonase-1 enzyme, insulin resistance index, maximum oxygen consumption and some lipid and anthropometric indices in overweight and obese young girls. Therefore, according to these results, rope training, as an aerobic activity it can be useful for all people especially in overweight and obese to control blood fats, body composition and prevent diseases due to obesity such as cardiovascular disease. 

The effects of plasma levels of vitamin D3 on insulin resistance and biochemical factors of plasma in patients with type 2 diabetes
Mahboobeh Sadat Hosseini , Mohammad Javad Bahoosh , Gholamhossein Alishiri , Nahid Khalili , Habib Yaribeygi ,
Volume 75, Issue 11 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus due to existence of various factors is growing rapidly. The insulin resistance phenomenon is one of the main underlying causes of this disease, due to various reasons such as a decrease in serum levels of vitamin D3. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between plasma level of vitamin D3 and some other main plasma factors.
Methods: This clinical trial study carried out on type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects who referred to diabetes clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran city during June to September 2016. First demographic data of all patients were collected. Then the blood samples for evaluation of blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL and vitamin D3 were obtained. Based on plasma level of vitamin D3, diabetic subjects were divided into two separate treatment groups (with and without vitamin D3 deficiency) and then above-mentioned factors were compared between these two groups. Afterward, in group with vitamin D3 deficiency, treatment by vitamin D3 triggered (50000 unit per week for eight weeks orally) until plasma level of vitamin D3 reached above 30 ng/mL. Then, treatment continued by vitamin D3 (50000 Unit per week orally) and calcium (1.5 g/day PO) until 60 days. Finally, the patients were evaluated about fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, HDL, LDL and blood pressure.
Results: In total, 187 subjects (99 men and 88 women) were evaluated in this study. Total hypovitaminose incidence was 0.65% which was higher in subjects with higher body mass index (BMI). Serum content of vitamin D3 and calcium, significantly changed the values of fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, HDL and TG, but has no significant effects on other factors.
Conclusion: Our results clearly revealed that hypovitaminose vitamin D3 is one of the main factors that can leading to rise in plasma glucose and dyslipidemia occurrence. Also, our data are demonstrated that treatment by vitamin D3 and calcium can modify fasting blood glucose and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects.

Associations of common polymorphisms in GCKR with metabolic syndrome
Asiyeh Sadat Zahedi , Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat , Sara Behnami , Fereidoun Azizi , Maryam Sadat Daneshpour ,
Volume 76, Issue 7 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a combination of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Given that genetic factors have been shown to contribute to individual susceptibility to MetS, the identification of genetic markers for disease risk is essential. Recent studies revealed that rs780094 and rs1260326 of glucokinase regulatory gene (GCKR) are associated with serum triglycerides, plasma glucose levels and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of GCKR gene variants with metabolic syndrome and its components.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from April to August 2017. In this study, 8710 adults (3522 males and 5188 females), over 19 years, were randomly selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) population. Based on joint interim statement (JIS) criteria, the subjects were divided into two groups: case and control. Genotyping was performed by HumanOmniExpress-24 v1.0 BeadChips (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA).
Results: Allele frequencies were in conformity with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Comparisons of allele frequencies by the Chi-square test revealed that frequencies of TT genotype of both polymorphisms were significantly higher among patient group than healthy group. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, gender and CRP revealed that the GCKR polymorphisms (rs1260326: odds ratio 2.7, 95% CI 1.6-4.6, rs780094: odds ratio 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.2) were significantly associated with MetS. Frequency of TT genotype was more in persons who had C-reactive protein (CRP) levels above 3 mg/l. The minor T allele of both polymorphisms was significantly associated with increases in the blood serum concentration triglyceride and to a decrease in fasting plasma glucose levels.
Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that, rs780094 and rs1260326 common polymorphisms of the GCKR gene were associated with serum triglycerides levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome in a sample of the Tehranian population (TLGS), as it was already confirmed the inverse effect of this polymorphisms on triglycerides and glucose levels in previous studies.

The effect of ten weeks ginger consumption on lipid profile and body composition in obese women following the exercise Pilates
Asma Soleimani , Afra Khosravi , Enayat Asadi ,
Volume 77, Issue 3 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background: Disruption of lipid metabolism threatens human life in all countries with different percentages and causes cardiovascular disease. Reducing physical activity and eliminating some of the food medications have exacerbated these complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger supplementation on the lipid profile and body composition of obese women following Pilates exercises.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out at the Medicinal Plants Research Center of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from September to December 2012. In this study, 90 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into three groups: complement, placebo and control (30 objects in each group). The exercise protocol includes a ten-week Pilates exercise. The supplement group consumed 2 grams of ginger powder daily for ten weeks. The placebo group used starch (placebo) capsules for these ten weeks. The control group did not take any supplement and did not have any activity at all. Blood samples were taken prior to physical activity and 48 hours after the end of 10 weeks Pilates training three sessions per week (30 sessions). In order to investigate intra-group changes, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the groups.
Results: The results showed that after 10 weeks of using zinc supplements following Pilates exercise training in pretest and posttest, increases in HDL levels and decreased TG, LDL, Tcol, body composition and body weight in obese women. Also, consumption of 10 weeks of ginger supplement after aerobic exercise training on TG (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.02), Tcol (P=0.05) and HDL (P=0.01) in obese women in supplement and placebo groups had a significant impact.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pilates exercises with daily consumption of 2 grams of ginger supplement for 10 weeks caused a significant decrease in lipid profiles, body fat percentage, weight, and hip circumference.

Evaluation of chronic kidney disease and associated factors in psoriasis patients at Razi hospital, Tehran, Iran
Sasan Dogohar, Saber Soltani, Ali Jafarpour, Fatemeh Tavangar , Sara Akhavan Rezayat , Maryam Ghiasi, Maryam Nasimi,
Volume 80, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease that involves skin, joints and different organ systems. It is associated with Multiple morbidities such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to the high importance of the association between psoriasis and CKD which results in major side effects the aim of this study was to evaluation of CKD and associated factors in Psoriasis patients at Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted as a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study to evaluate the frequency of CKD and associated factors in psoriatic patients admitted to the Razi Hospital whose last time of admission was from June 2018 to January 2019. According to the K/DOQI guideline, CKD is defined as the GFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m² during at least a period of three months. GFR was calculated based on the MDRD formula. The sample size was equal to 265. The hospital documents of inpatients who have been admitted to Razi Hospital wards or follow-up clinics during 2017-2019 were used for collecting information and data. This information has been extracted based on the initial checklist for data collection. Collected data has been analyzed and performed by using SPSS 25 software.
Results: The study found that 18 (6.8%) of psoriasis patients had CKD. Patients were in the age range of 3.5-92 years, the majority of them were in the age range of 18.65–79.7 years. 171 (64.5%) patients were male and 94 (35.5%) were female. 41 (15.5%) patients had diabetes, 94 (35.5%) had hyperlipidemia and 41 (15.5%) had hypertension. History of NSAID, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, Acitretin, Infliximab, and Adalimumab medication use among 9 (3.4%), 205 (77.4%), 56 (21.1%), 147 (55.5%), 30 (11.3%), and 28 (10.6%) patients were observed, respectively. Also, 54 (20.4%) had a history of phototherapy. 217 (81.9%) of the psoriatic patients had CPP (Chronic Plaque Psoriasis) and 48 (18.1%) had PP (pustular Psoriasis) and finally, 21 (7.9%) of the patients had psoriatic arthritis.
Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD was shown to increase by age. The other correlated factors are diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. On the other hand, there was not found any significant correlation between drugs (NSAIDs, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, Acitretin, Infliximab, Adalimumab) and CKD prevalence. There was also no significant correlation between phototherapy, psoriasis type and psoriatic arthritis, duration of psoriasis and CKD prevalence.

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