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Background: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of different types of
maxillary fractures, concurrent fractures and accompanying signs and symptoms. Trauma
is the second cause of mortality in Iran, after cardiovascular diseases.
In traumatic patients, head, neck and facial bones fractures are common. The
maxillary fractures are seen much less commonly than the fractures of the
mandible, zygoma, or nose. Maxillary fractures include: (Le
fort I, II, III fractures- alveolar process fracture
and Sagittal fracture). The most common cause of maxillary fracture is motor
vehicle accidents.
Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study designed on 56
patients with maxillary fractures in a referral educational trauma
center of Tehran.
Sample size was the patients who referred to this hospital with maxillary
fracture during past seven years.
Results: Forty eight (86%) patients were male
and 8(14%) were female. Male to female ratio was 6/1.
Mean age of patients was 30 years. The most common
type of maxillary fracture was infra orbital rim and floor fracture. Among Le
fort fracture Le fort type II was the most common.
Paresthesia of infra orbital nerve and malocclusion were more common than the
other especial signs of maxillary fracture. Concomitant fracture with maxilla
include: zygomatic fracture in 62%, mandibular fracture
in 25%, nasoethmoidal fracture in 9%
and skull base fracture in 4%. Management of
maxillary fracture was reduction of displaced bone fragment and fixation for
osteosynthesis. The most common way for osteosynthesis was fixation with
miniplate and screw.
Conclusions: Face fractures are a piece of all problems in multiple trauma patients as the
tip of iceberg. Early diagnosis of maxillary fractures and immediate treatment
will prevent the future deformities and complications.
