Showing 6 results for Meningitis
Atri A, Taj Mj, Yalda A R,
Volume 61, Issue 3 (6-2003)
Abstract
The genus acinetobacter are intestinal gram negative, encapsulated, non motile, aerobic bacilli, which are rod shaped during rapid growth and cocobacillary in stationary phase. Risk factors associated with nosocomial infections include: length of hospital stay, surgery, wounds, previous infection, fecal colonization, treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, indwelling central intravenous or urinary catheters, admission to a burn unite or ICU and mechanical ventilation. Acinetobacter meningitis occur infrequently and is generally found after neurosurgical procedures.
Here, we are presenting a 19 year-old female patient who developed multi-drug resistant (MDR) acinetobacter meningitis after operation on maxillary bone, but despite good clinical response to imipenem and amikacin succumbed aminoglycoside induced otoxicity.
S Noorbakhsh , Sa Siadati , S Rimaz , S Mamishi , T Haghi Ashtiani , A Tabtabaei,
Volume 63, Issue 1 (5-2005)
Abstract
Background: Bacterial meningitis is one of the most serious infections in infants and children. Three organisms include S.PneumoN.meningH.Influ are the most common cause of meningitis in children between 2M-14y age.Etest is a new method for determination the MIC of some antimicrobial drugs in agarose .This method is useful for some organisms like as S .Pneumo N.mening H.Influsensitive Streptococcus and anaerobic aerobic gram negative.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study In 57 suspected meningitis children organisms isolated from blood CSF or other sterile boy fluid after culturing and antibiogram. .MIC of someorganisms detected by Etest method.
Results: Streptococcuswas the most prevalent ( 70%) and S.pneumon( 90% of all Streptococcus) H.infl 2%N.mening 4%and L.monocyt 6%(more than expected)Gram negative (Ecoli Klebsiella entrobacter and psudomona) 18%. There was significant difference (P =0.01)in type of organisms between age groups. S.pneumonia was more frequent in children > 2 year N.meningitis in>4yr old .Site of isolation :blood CSF (35.8*28.3%)other sterile site 18.4%concomitant positive culture in two site:17%.Mean age in Streptococcus was significantly different with Listeria (p=0.05) N.meningitis (p=0.04)H.influ (p=0.04).but no difference with StaphylococcusKlebsiella and E.coli Two type of H.inf were sensitive to Ampici or chloram both of them were sensitive to ceftiaxon. GBS were sensitive to PNC or Ampici Strep.nonAnonBnon- Cotrimoxazol>32mic/ml /PNC >256mic/ml/ Vanco>256mic/ml Strep.D: Cotrimoxazol>0.062mg/ml/ /PNC >0.016mic/ml/Imipenem>0.032mic/ml. Strep Pneumonia: All fo them were sensitive except 3 cases /Cotrimoxazol>2ic/ml /PNC =0.01mic/ml/Vanco>0.125mic/ m Vanco>0. 25mic/ ml/.Cotrimoxazol>2ic/ml / PNC =0.01mg/ml Vanco>0.125mic/ ml / Cotrimoxazol>2mic/ml /MIC-PNC >0.016mic/ml Therefore high dose of PNC is adequate for S.pneu because of Interm resistance to PNC All 3 N.menin were sensitive to PNCChloraCeftria and vanco Resistant to all drugs and high MIC for cefotaximeCIPRO>32mic/ml. E coli: Pseudomona Aerogenosa:: Ceftriaxon>256mic/ml/ /Genta>0.038mg/ml Imipenem>32mic/ml. Klebsiella only Sensitive to Cipro Staph .Aureous:Sensitive to ClindaCiproChloraResistant toCeftPNCand Cotri
Conclusion: Most type of N.meningitidisH.inf and S.pneumonia were sensitive to many drugs. Only minority of them were resistant to Ampicillin but sensitive to chloramphenicol and vice versa. limited number of pneumococcal resistance to penicillin is medium resistance( MIC:0.1-1) .we can treat this resistant type by increasing of penicillin dosage .The others were sensitive to all drugs. Therefore ampicillin and chloramphenicol are the drug of choice in empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis after neonatal period.
Sedighi I, Rahimi H, Kakhodaee A, A Siadati ,
Volume 63, Issue 3 (6-2005)
Abstract
Background: Bacterial meningitis is a fatal disease with high mortality and morbidity that needs emergency management. But due to nonspecific signs and symptoms it&aposs diagnosis in children is difficult. Recently procalcitonin has been used for diagnosis of serious bacterial infections like bacterial meningitis. We conducted a prospective study in children for evaluation of procalcitonin in differential diagnosis of acute bacterial and viral meningitis.
Materials and Methods: In a prospective process research, we measured CSF procalcitonin levels in 43 children older than two months referred to Markaz Tebbi hospital. According to the results of universal PCR the patients were divided into two groups: bacterial meningitis (n=11) and nonbacterial meningitis (n=32). To analysis the results, Mann-Whitney test was used.
Results: CSF procalcitonin level in bacterial meningitis was significantly higher than viral meningitis (1.72±0.9 ng/ml and 0.71±0.04ng/ml respectively,Pvalue= 0.00). A serum procalcitonin level >0.5 ng/ml had high sensitivity and specificity ( 90.1% and 97.1% respectively) in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Conclusion: CSF procalcitonin level seems to be a valuable marker in differentiating between bacterial and viral meningitis.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabai ,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (2-2014)
Abstract
Background: Meningitis is one of the serious and dangerous infections in the infancy and childhood and rapid diagnosis of meningococcal disease is important, especially in infants. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in blood and is an acute phase protein. CRP sensitive reactive that used for diagnosis of infection. This study conducted to assessment of the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein, and neonatal meningitis, as well as diagnostic value of test.
Methods: Forty nine hospitalized infant that suspected to meningitis were enrolled in this analytic cross sectional research via non probable accessible sampling. 28 patients (52.7%) of all the patients were male and 21 patients (42.8%) were female. The average age of the patients was 22.6±11.88 days. Data from clinical examinations and laboratory tests entered in a questionnaire and all of samples divided in two bacterial (septic) and non-bactria (aseptic) meningitis group. All data including cerebrospinal fluid CRP of newborns were statistically analyzed.
Results: In total, the mean and standard deviation of age was 22.6±11.88 days. 57.2% of infants were male and 42.8% were female. In total, 40.82% of infants were diagnosed with septic meningitis. There was no significant difference between septic and aseptic groups in terms of sex (P= 1.00) also in terms of age (P= 0.1). The mean and standard deviation of CRP level in septic meningitis group was 0.95±0.68 mg/L and in aseptic group was 0.16±0.36 mg/L. The CRP level difference in septic meningitis group compare with aseptic group was statistically significant (P<0.000). The finding showed that cut off point for CRP level as a diagnostic test was 0.17 mg/L, sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 86%.
Conclusion: In the present study, newborns with septic meningitis had higher cerebrospinal fluid CRP level than newborns with aseptic meningitis, and CSF-CRP can be used in rapid diagnosis of septic and aseptic meningitis. Although this result has been seen in many studies, but more research is needed.
Behnam Soboti , Shima Javadinia , Samileh Noorbaksh , Ramin Asgarian , Nastaran Khosravi , Azardokht Tabatabaee ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) culture for distinction between aseptic and bacterial meningitis can be difficult and long-term, and other diagnostic methods are under studying. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value for the levels of Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-8 of CSF in the children and adolescent with meningitis.
Methods: Fifty-one patient with meningitis between one month and 18 year included in a Cross-Sectional Studies in the Rasul Hospital, Tehran, from 2012 to 2014. All of samples underwent aspiration of CSF. The routine tests performed that include culture coloring and biochemical of CSF. The concentrations of IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) method and all of data were analyzed.
Results: Frequency of bacterial and aseptic meningitis was equal (49%). 64.7% of samples were boys and gender had not different between two bacterial and aseptic group (P=0.7). Mean (±SD) of the age in total was 358.46±858.40, and bacterial group had a higher mean of age than aseptic group (P=0.047). The level of IL-1 was 10.87±37.04 pg/ml in bacterial and 0.55±1.64 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had not different (P=0.168). The level of IL-6 was 90.51±139.3 pg/ml in bacterial and 21.36±67.84 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had significant different (P=0.030). The level of IL-8 was 365.40±765.52 pg/ml in bacterial and 50.66±59.34 pg/ml in aseptic group, that had significant different (P=0.047). Diagnostic value of IL-1 was noted in the 80.77% of bacterial and 68.00% of aseptic group that had not different (P=0.349). Diagnostic value of IL-6 was noted in the 53.85% of bacterial and 64.00% of aseptic group that had not different (P=0.572). Diagnostic value of IL-8 was noted in the 80.77% of bacterial and 28.00% of aseptic group that had significant different (P=0.000). There was not different between two group of CSF variables include coloring degree, WBC and RBC index, glucose and protein.
Conclusion: Although the concentration of IL-6 and IL-8 was higher in bacterial meningitis than in aseptic patients, only IL-8 had suitable diagnostic value for distinction between different types of meningitis.
Parisa Rahmani, Mohammad Roshanghalb, Hosein Alimadadi, Behnaz Bazargani, Nasir Fakhar, Reihaneh Mohsenipour,
Volume 78, Issue 8 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background: CNS infection can be focal or generalized. Meningitis, besides other etiologies, can occur after a viral infection or viral vaccine. Although meningitis can occur in at any age but it is more common in children less than five years old. Aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis are two of the most common complications of mumps (wild type or vaccine). As a result of their serious complication, we decided to obtain more information about clinical manifestations and laboratory findings after the injection of the Hoshino MMR vaccine in a group of children in an Iranian referral hospital.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, performed from March 2013 to February 2015 on 73 children with meningochemical symptoms of meningitis, children who have been diagnosed with aseptic meningitis followed by an MMR vaccine in an infectious ward or emergency department of the Children’s Medical Center were enrolled in the study and their information was recorded from their files. A questionnaire was provided for children with diagnostic criteria of aseptic meningitis and their data were collected.
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Results: The gender ratio of patients was 46 males to 27 females. After collecting the symptoms of meningitis, the frequency of symptoms in these patients was as below: fever 66%, headache 49.3%, nausea and vomiting 74%, parotid swelling 0%, seizure 21.9% and meningeal symptoms 37%. Their laboratory data showed that 8.2% of patients had normal WBC and 76.7% had Abnormal results in their CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) analysis. Mumps PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) was positive in 85% of samples.
Conclusion: our study revealed that nausea and vomiting were the most frequent symptom after MMR vaccination in children and fever was in second grade in aseptic meningitis. There was no relation between clinical symptoms together, therefore we should take care of children after MMR vaccination to avoid complications when they become symptomatic.
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