Showing 7 results for Metformin
Firoozeh Akbari Asbagh, Mahak Papan, Zahra Khazaeipour,
Volume 67, Issue 12 (3-2010)
Abstract
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Background: Insulin resistance is common in women with Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome
(PCOS) and can cause poor outcome of infertility
treatment. The aim of our study
was to assess the effect of treatment with metformin on outcome of Intra
Cytoplasmic Sperm
Injection (ICSI)
in infertile PCOS women.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial study was carried
out in infertile women with PCOS, before ICSI,
referred to infertility clinic of Mirza
Koochackhan Hospital
of Tehran University
of Medical Science
Tehran, Iran,
between 2006 and 2008.
The patients were randomized in two groups of
metformin 500 mg Po,
three times daily, six weeks before the ICSI
cycle and placebo patients in each group were divided into BMI
<28 kg/m2 and BMI
&ge28 kg/m2.
Results: Of 52
study women 26(50%) were in metformin
group. mean age were 29.8±4.9 year in
metformin group versus 29.4±5.9 year and
placebo groups. Treatment with
metformin, in subgroup of BMI <28 kg/m2,
significantly increased number of mature follicle (p=0.01),
embryo (p=0.04),
oocytes (p=0.007)
and mature oocytes (p=0.03)
but in subgroup of BMI&ge28 kg/m2,
there was no significant difference in the metformin and placebo groups (p>0.05).
Metformin treatment caused more chemical and
clinical pregnancy rates, and less abortion rate in overweight and normal patients,
but the differences were not significant (p>0.05).
Logestic regression analysis showed, adjusting
number of mature follicle, number of embryos, quality of embryos, oocytes and BMI
and treatment showed no significant effect on clinical pregnancy
rates (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Among normal weight PCOS
women, effect of treatment with metformin is better than overweight PCOS
women. However further
studies are needed.
Jamal A, Aleyasin A, Shabani P, Khodaverdi S, Shabani E,
Volume 68, Issue 4 (7-2010)
Abstract
Background: Some complications of pregnancy such as abortion, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery are more common among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Recently it has been reported that metformin treatment during pregnancy reduces pregnancy complications, so this study was conducted to demonstrate the possible effects of metformin on the uteroplacental circulation and pregnancy complications.
Methods: Seventy pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from 1386 to 1388 were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of metformin during pregnancy in Shariati hospital. Doppler ultrasound examinations of the uterine arteries and umbilical artery were performed at 12th and 20th weeks of gestation. All patients were followed up to the end of pregnancy, then the effect of metformin on the uteroplacental circulation was evaluated by the comparison of the pulsatility index (PI) of uterine arteries and prevalence of obstetric complications between two groups.
Results: The mean reduction of PI in metformin group from 12th to 20th weeks of gestation was 0.38 versus 0.16 in placebo group (p=0.016). Gestational diabetes mellitus,pre-eclampsia and preterm delivery, were more common in pregnant women in placebo group but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Metformin treatment in pregnancy accompanied with reduced uterine artery impedance between 12 and 20 weeks of gestation but this reduction showed no effect on the pregnancy complications such as preterm delivery, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes
Mesbah F, Bahri A, Ghasemi E, Talaei Khozani T, Mirkhani H, Parsanezhad Me,
Volume 69, Issue 3 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of
anovulatory infertility. Metformin which is effectively used for the treatment of anovulatory PCOS improves pregnancy rate and endometrial receptivity and reduces the risk of miscarriage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metformin on the endometrium, the number of fetuses and hormonal levels of PCOS rats.
Methods: Forty female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly into four equal groups. Group I: control rats, group II: rats receiving metformin (150 mg/kg/day), group III: Estradiol Valerate-induced PCOS rats (4 mg/rat) and group IV: induced PCOS rats receiving metformin. Body weight and serum levels of glucose, LH, FSH, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol were measured. Following mating, each group was divided into two subgroups and the rats were sacrificed on the 5th and 15th day of gestation to evaluate endometrial reaction to implantation and fetus count, respectively. Results: Hormone assay showed a significant increase in testosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH and blood glucose levels in group III compared to the controls (P≤0.01) and a significant decrease in blood glucose in group IV versus group III (P≤0.01). Progesterone concentration had no significant differences between groups III and the controls. Weight was higher in group III than group I but it had no decrease after metformin administration. No significant differences were detected regarding implantation rate and number of fetuses in all rats.
Conclusion: Metformin has significant effects on pregnancy rate and the hormonal and blood glucose levels of Estradiol Valerate-induced PCOS rats.
Pournaghi P, Sadrkhanlou R, Hasanzadeh Sh, Farshid Aa,
Volume 69, Issue 6 (9-2011)
Abstract
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Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder affecting the whole body systems including the
female reproductive organs. Moreover, diabetes is an important cause of
infertility. Metformin is commonly used to control hyperglycemia in patients
with diabetes. This study was done to evaluate the ultrastructural changes of
ovarian follicles in diabetic rats and their response to metformin.
Methods: Thirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley female rats (170-210
g) were studied in three groups (Control, diabetic and metformin-treated rats).
In the second and third groups, diabetes was induced by injection of
streptozotocin (45 mg/kg).
The rats in the third group were later treated by metformin monohydrochloride
(100 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, rats
were sacrificed and their right ovaries were observed under transmission
electron microscope. Quantitative data were analyzed by student t-test in SAS
software.
Results: In comparison with the control group, significant decreases in zona pellucida
thickness and the mean number of microvilli were observed (respectively, P<0.01
and P<0.001) in diabetic rats. Significant
decreases in zona pellucida thickness were also observed in metformin-treated
rats (P<0.05) but changes in the number of
microvilli were non-significant. The number of organelles in oocyte cytoplasm
was higher and they were natural or natural-looking in metformin-treated rats
versus the diabetic ones. Reduction in the number of mitochondria and their
ballooning cristae were of the most noticeable changes in diabetic rats.
Conclusion: Diabetes
decreases the number of microvilli and oocyte organelles and diminishes zona
pellucida thickness leading to structural changes in the organelles but
metformin could improve the aforesaid conditions.
Sanambar Sadighi , Maasoumeh Saberian , Maasoumeh Najafi , Issa Jahanzad , Ramesh Omranipoor , Sayyed Reza Safaee Nodehi , Saghi Vaziri,
Volume 74, Issue 2 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background: Metformin has been suggested as anti-cancer in retrospective studies. We design a prospective controlled study about metformin efficacy in the window time between biopsy and definite surgery with changes of Ki-67 as the primary endpoint.
Methods: The primary cohort had composed of 50 pathologically diagnosed invasive breast cancers, accrued in Medical Oncology Department of Iran Cancer Institute from February to November 2014. Patients neither had indication of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, nor involved with diabetes mellitus. They followed during the time period of biopsy and definitive surgery with taking tests on pathology specimens for ER, PgR, HER-2/neu and Ki-67 index. We checked fasting insulin and glucose level as well as quality of life and adverse effects in both times in the intervention group. Metformin (1500 mg/day) was prescribed to intervention group from pathology report to the night before surgery.
Results: From 45 patients, 25 had been received metformin for median time of 2.8 weeks. Controlled group included 20 patients who followed in the window time. There were no statistically significant differences between two groups regarding baseline clinical and tumor characteristics such as age, stage, grade, ER, PgR, HER2 status, time and type of surgery. However, immunohistochemistry study showed decrease of median Ki-67 from 35.14 to 29.6% in the intervention group and increase from 24.5 to 30.6 in the control group. Both of these results were statistically significant. Patients tolerated metformin very well, but mild gastrointestinal symptoms were seen in 30% of cases. There was a correlation between metabolic factor of HOMA score (fasting insulin level fasting blood sugar/405) and changes in Ki-67.
Conclusion: In the present study metformin prescription in the short period of time between Biopsy and definite surgery had shown inhibition of breast cancer cell growth. We found relationship between metformin anti-proliferative effect and glucose and insulin metabolism. To find direct apoptotic stimulation of metformin and long-term results of this drug further studies in the adjuvant settings with cooperation of pharmacokinetic groups are recommended.
Somaye Fatahi , Hamed Kord Varkaneh , Mehran Pezeshki, Amirhosein Ghahremanian , Sakineh Shab-Bidar ,
Volume 76, Issue 6 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: Trying to find a drug with more clinical efficacy in treating obesity is one of the priorities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin on weight loss in obese people.
Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochran Library were searched up to November 2016. In present study search strategy was performed by using selected keywords. Two independent investigators scanned and extracted the relevant data. The pairwise method was used to compare the difference between the mean difference weight loss for orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin in two direct methods (comparison of orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin with the control group) and non-direct (Compare orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin together). We assessed the quality of included trials using the quantitative 5-point Jadad scale. The heterogeneity across studies was assessed by using Cochrane’s Q and I2 tests. Publication bias was reported by means of funnel plots and Egger’s tests.
Results: The present study performed on 36 clinical studies with a population of 3672. Our study results did show that sibutramine (mean difference -4.97 kg, 95% confidence interval -6.70 to -3.23), metformin (mean difference -4.45 kg, 95% confidence interval -9.27 to 0.38), orlistat (mean difference -2.37 kg, 95% confidence interval -3.45 to -1.30), lorcaserin (mean difference -2.36 kg, 95% confidence interval -4.58 to -0.15), respectively, had the most effect on weight loss compared with the placebo group. In addition, orlistat compared to lorcaserin (mean difference -0.01 kg, 95% confidence interval -2.47 to 2.45) resulted in more weight loss, but compared to metformin (mean difference 2.07 kg, 95% confidence interval -2.78 to 7.02) and sibutramine (mean difference 0.52 kg, 95% confidence interval -4.46 to 5.50) lead to less weight loss.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that orlistat had a greater effect on weight loss compared with lorcaserin, and had lower effect on weight loss compared with sibutramine and metformin in apparently healthy obese individuals.
Mahmoud Parham, Davoud Oulad Dameshghi , Hossein Saghafi, Azam Sarbandy Farahani, Saeed Karimi Matloub, Rasool Karimi Matloub,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is one of the most well-known disorders due to long-term use of metformin due to interference with its absorption.
Methods: This double-blind randomized trial was conducted from June to October 2016 at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom on 60 patients in the age group of 30 to 60 years with a history of type 2 diabetes for one to two years and taking metformin in the amount of one to two grams. Patients were divided into two groups of 30 people. The intervention group received metformin with 1 gram of calcium carbonate daily, and the control group received metformin without calcium. Each of the patients in the intervention group was given 200 calcium carbonate tablets. Vitamin B12 levels of the patients in both groups were measured before the start of the intervention, and they were evaluated in terms of neuropathy according to the Michigan questionnaire. Vitamin B12 of patients and neuropathy in two groups were measured before the intervention and after three months.
Results: There was a difference between the two groups in terms of gender, and no significant difference was observed between the mean ages in the two groups. The mean level of vitamin B12 before receiving calcium in group A (intervention) was lower than group B (control) (P=0.036) and after receiving calcium, the level of vitamin B12 in the intervention group increased (P=0.002). In the control group, the level of vitamin B12 decreased (P=0.030). (P=0.006), and in the control group there was no significant difference in the examination of neuropathy (P=0.2).
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Conclusion: Oral calcium daily intake increases vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and calcium may be able to moderate the decrease in serum vitamin B12 levels induced by metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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