Showing 5 results for Musculoskeletal
Saraji G.n, Ebrahimy L, Fouladi B,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the major problems,
encountering work force today. Many researches have revealed the disadvantages and
inconveniences that such problems have caused. Some kinds of careers are traditional and
complex and are more probable to cause disorders. Carpet restoration is one of these jobs
causing musculoskeletal disorders in the work force. The nature of this job puts a lot of
pressure on the worker’s body. The postures are most of the time problematic and are in
need of some ergonomic actions to be taken in order to prevent from diseases and
disorders of musculoskeletal system.
Methods: In a cross- sectional survey, 144 male carpet restoration workers enrolled.
NORDIC and PLIBEL checklists were used to assess the musculoskeletal stress factors
with injury effects. Another checklist was employed to address demographic
characteristics of the population under study.
Results: The results showed that 82% of these workers suffered from some forms of
musculoskeletal disorders mostly from knee and lower back discomfort. The more they
had job experience, the more they suffered from MSDs. Disorders of neck and upper back
had significant relationship with the duration of work experience. Also badly designed
tools and awkward posture were of main risk factors. PLIBEL checklist successfully
showed the main threatening risk factors of all body parts.
Conclusion: The survey revealed that the incidence of MSDs in these workers is high and
there are several risk factors affecting their body during work unsuitable design of tools,
incorrect work height and bending position of the body during work were the most risk
factors, which observed.
Aminian Omid, Pouryaghoub Gholamreza, Shanbeh Mohammad,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (6-2012)
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most common reported occupational health problem which cause high financial burden and reduce efficiency of workers. MSDs are often multifactorial. This study was done to determine the frequency of MSDs and their relation to occupational stress among office workers.
Methods: 332 office workers were recruited in descriptive-analytical study. To assess the frequency of MSDs, we used Nordic questionnaires and to assess the occupational stress, we used the general Nordic questionnaire for psychological and social factors at work (QPS Nordic+34 questionnaire). The collected data were processed and analyzed.
Results: Our study showed that the frequency of MSDs among office workers was higher than the general population and the stress index was higher (P=0.002) among the office workers with MSDs than employees without it.
Conclusion: This study showed that occupational stress was a risk factor for MSDs, especially in the upper extremities.
Maryam Ataie , Atefeh Solouk , Fatemeh Bagheri , Ehsan Seyed Jafari,
Volume 75, Issue 4 (7-2017)
Abstract
An increase in the average age of the population and physical activities where the musculoskeletal system is involved as well as large number of people suffering from skeletal injuries which impose high costs on the society. Bone grafting is currently a standard clinical approach to treat or replace lost tissues. Autografts are the most common grafts, but they can lead to complications such as pain, infection, scarring and donor site morbidity. The alternative is allografts, but they also carry the risk of carrying infectious agents or immune rejection. Therefore, surgeons and researchers are looking for new therapeutic methods to improve bone tissue repair. The field of tissue engineering and the use of stem cells as an ideal cell source have emerged as a promising approach in recent years. Three main components in the field of tissue engineering include proper scaffolds, cells and growth factors that their combination leads to formation of tissue-engineered constructs, resulting in tissue repair and regeneration. The use of scaffolds with suitable properties could effectively improve the tissue function or even regenerate the damaged tissue. The main idea of tissue engineering is to design and fabricate an appropriate scaffold which can support cell attachment, proliferation, migration and differentiation to relevant tissue. Scaffold gives the tissue its structural and mechanical properties, for instance flexibility and stiffness that is related with the tissue functions. Biomaterials used to fabricate scaffolds can be categorized into natural or synthetic biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials. Polymers are the most widely used materials in tissue engineering. Growth factors are a group of proteins that cause cell proliferation and differentiation. Two main cell sources are specialized cells of desired tissue and stem cells. However, according to the low proliferation and limited accessibility to the cells of desired tissue, stem cells are better suggestion. Combination of mesenchymal stem cells harvested from bone marrow, adipose tissue and cord blood with proper scaffolds and growth factors could be a useful method in treatment of skeletal injuries. In this review paper, we focus on the application of mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of damaged bone, cartilage, meniscus, ligaments, tendons and spine tissue.
Nasrin Moazzen, Hamid Ahanchian, Mehrdad Sarabi, Abdolreza Malek, Zahra Abbasi Shaye ,
Volume 79, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Primary Immune Deficiencies are a group of heterogeneous disorders that involve the innate or acquired immune system, or a combination of them. The underlying disorder may be related to decreased levels or function, or a complete lack of one or more components of the immune system in general. These diseases can occur with a prevalence of about 1 in 10000 live births. According to the fourth update on the Iranian national registry of Primary Immune Deficiency in October 2018, the total number of registered PIDs in Iran are 3056 patients. However, it is supposed to be more prevalent and it seems increasing awareness shall reveal many new cases, especially in societies with prevalent consanguineous marriages like Iran. These disorders predispose patients to recurrent infections, autoimmunity and malignancy and can cause a huge burden on health care systems. This group of diseases has a wide range of symptoms, which quick recognition and timely treatment of them, can greatly reduce the complications of the disease. These symptoms may include recurrent or severe infections, failure to thrive, autoimmune disorders, as well as articular-skeletal manifestations. A variety of skeletal manifestations are seen in patients with primary immunodeficiency, among which septic arthritis caused by pyogenic bacteria or mycoplasma arthritis is the most common joint-bone manifestation. Joint and skeletal involvement is less commonly seen as a sign of primary immune defects. This issue is importance in reducing the cost of diseases and improving the patients’ quality of life. Our review attempted to introduce the most common manifestations of bone and joint in patients with primary immunodeficiency and available treatments for these manifestations. Because of the wide range of symptoms in these patients, it is recommended to observe the rare and suspicious manifestations in the patients with any atypical bone and joint presentations such as: recurrent septic arthritis, infection with unusual germs, immunodeficiency in their relatives, and any history of well-known red flags of PIDs. The Rheumatologist should consider these manifestations and think about the possibility of deficiency disorder.
Tannaz Ahadi , Nima Khaje , Bijan Forogh , Labaneh Janbazi, Masumeh Bagherzadehcham.m@iums.ac.ir,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background: There are many conservative interventions to reduce the symptoms of coccydynia, but it is not clear which treatment can be more effective. The aim of this review study was to evaluate the types of conservative interventions and the effectiveness of each of them in reducing coccydynia symptoms.
Methods: This systematic review was carried out based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) instruction. A search for research studies published up to October 2021 was conducted in Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Firoozgar General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, using Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane without data constraints. The search was carried out in October 2021 and continued for seven months. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale (PEDro). All prospective randomized clinical trial studies in which participants suffered from coccydynia and were treated with nonsurgical treatments were included.
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Results: 945 articles were found in the primary search of the databases. After eliminating 493 repetitive papers, 452 studies remained which were screened by the two researchers of this study in terms of the title and abstract. 40 studies were selected for full-text evaluation. Finally, 12 articles were included in the review study. Two papers used extracorporeal shockwave, two papers used impar ganglion block, three papers manual therapy, and four studies injection. The remaining four studies used iontophoresis with ketoprofen, biofeedback therapy, acupuncture, and physiotherapy with Kinesio taping.
Conclusion: Treatment with extracorporeal shock wave and impar ganglion block significantly improve tailbone pain and show more permanent effects on patients' symptoms. Manual therapies are mostly used in cases where the tailbone is stable. It seems that achieving the desired response requires more than six sessions, which is not pleasant for patients. Injections, especially those performed under fluoroscopic guidance, require high skill in addition to being unpleasant and painful. However, this procedure is done in one session, so there is no need for the next visit.
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