Showing 77 results for Pin
F Akbari Asbagh ,
Volume 56, Issue 4 (7-1998)
Abstract
Two hundred charts of infertile patients who admitted from April 1995 until March 1996 at Mirza Koucha Kkhan Hospital, retrospectively were reviewed. In this study, the results of hysterosalpingograms and laparascopy of all patients were evaluated. The goal of this study was: whether polypoid alterations and endometrial hypertrophy were a cornerstone sign for endometriosis. Among 32 patients who showed endometrial hypertrophy or polypoid hypertrophy only 3 has had endometriosis in laparascopy which were proved by histopathology, while 22 out of 168 with normal hysterosalpingograms revealed endometriosis. In conclusions: hypertrophic alternations and polypoid changes of endometrium could not be a good sign for endometriosis, and normal hysterosalpingograms do not rule out the endometriosis.
M Zafarghandy , A Fotoohy , A Rezaei , Kh Sadeghniat , R Mehrdad ,
Volume 56, Issue 4 (7-1998)
Abstract
The poll was designed to let the management system of the university know about the opinions, criticisms and suggestions of the faculty members and create a sense of cooperation and promote the level of relationships. In November and December 1997, short after the new Chancellor of the University was selected, the poll was conducted by the new board to reach the above goals. In this survey, all the faculty members of the University were questioned about the problems they faced in the University. A questionnaire of 23 questions in two pages was given to them and was returned by mail. About 47.5% of the questionnaire were returned. Analysis of the results showed that a significant majority (93%) of the respondents believed that Tehran University should be the best University of Medical Sciences in Iran, and that it dose have the capability to be so, however, a majority (66%) of them claimed that it is not so at the present. A significant majority of the respondents believed that education and research are the two most important duties of the University, and the health, treatment, and cultural duties rank next. Except for the Medicine and Health Faculties others were not satisfied with their status at the University. The satisfaction of the faculty members with educational and research performance of the faculties was questioned the results varied in different faculties. Dissatisfaction with research status was most obvious. Forty-six and 25 percent of the staff in the faculty of medicine were satisfied with educational and research performance of their faculty, respectively. The teaching staff were also questioned about their problems the most important of which was shown to be that of convenience. More than 90% of respondents stated that opinion poll is an appropriate way to relate the management of the University to the faculty members and emphasized on holding periodic sessions with the Chancellor of the University and personal visits to him.
Sh Niroomanesh , M Amirhosseini , M Lameian ,
Volume 56, Issue 6 (7-1998)
Abstract
The present research is a quasi-experimental prospective study to determine usefulness of stripping the fetal memberanes at term for preventing of postterm pregnancy. 212 pregnant women with firm gestational dates entered the study, 112 underwent stripping of the membranes and 100 controls did not. The difference between the number of patients who advanced beyond term (>290 days) was statistically significant between groups (P<0.01). The mode of delivery and neonatal APGAR score were similar in both groups.
K Fooladsaz , M Rasaei , M Ansari ,
Volume 57, Issue 4 (7-1999)
Abstract
Nowadays immunochemical techniques have played a very important and valuable role in quantitative and qualitative assays of liquid compounds of the body. Producing antibody against immunogenes is the first step to make immunochemical kits. In this study production and purification of polyclonal antibody against melatonin has been considered. This hormone which has several important functions in physiological conditions such as migraine, cirrhosis, mammary gland cancer and other diseases, is the most important pineal gland secretion. This gland is a circumventricular organ of brain and according to histological and anatomical studies, it is a high secretory organ, that secretes active biological substances like melatonin, oxytocin, serotonin and ect. In this study, melatonin has been considered as hapten and has become an immunogen by being linked to the bovine serum Albumin. Then, by the immunization of three white New Zeland rabbits that had the booster injections in regular intervals, the antibody titer was detected to be 1/2000, by using checkboard curves, and with the use of melatonin linked to penicillinase as a labeled antigen, the titer was detected 1/200. Finally an antibody with high purification rate has been obtained, which can be used in immunochemical assays like RIA, ELISA, and EIA.
Hadad P, Karimi M,
Volume 60, Issue 1 (4-2002)
Abstract
Xerostomia is one of the disturbing side-effects of the radiotherapy to the head and neck region. Pilocarpine has been approved for the treatmentof this condition in the chronic phase, but its use concurrent with radiation could also be beneficial for prevention or reducing the subsequent radiation-induced xerostomia. We undertook to test this hypothesis in a clinical trial.
Materials and Methods: All 18- to 70-year old patients who were to be irradiated to the head and neck, with both parotid glands in the radiation fields, were eligible for this study. Patients with any medical contraindications for pilocarpine were excluded. Randomization was performed at the start of radiotherapy to either pilocarpine 5 mg three times daily or placebo in a double-blind setting. The drug was started with irradiation and continued until 3 months after the end of radiotherapy. Serum pilocapine levels were measured in a randomly selected number of patients by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPCL). Xerostomia was evaluated about 6 months after the end of radiation by an analog-scale questionnaire, and the objective grading of xerostomia was recorded by two separate observers.
Results: A total number of 60 patients were randomized into the trial (31 pilocarpine, 29 placebo), mostly with nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Mean parotid dose was 5, 818 cGy. Mean pilocarpine serum level was 14.65 ng/ml. No serous side-effect was observed. Thirty-nine patients were analyzed for xerostomia at a median time of 7 months after radiotherapy, 18 in pilocarpine and 21 in placebo groups (9 patients died and 12 patients did not come back for xerostomia evaluation). Mean subjective xerostomia was 40.3 mm in the pilocarpine group and 57 mm in the placebo group (p= 0.02). Also mean objective xerostomia grade was 2.2 in the pilocarpine group and 2.6 in the placebo group (p= 0.01). Subjective and objective xerostomia results were positively correlated (level 0.01). Age and the parotid dose did not have a significant effect on xerostomia.
Conclusion: Pilocarpine as prescribed in our trial produced the standard serum level required, and no serious side-effect. Compared to polacebo, pilocarpine used with radiotherapy could lead to a diminishment of subsequent radiation-induced xerostomia.
Fooladsaz K, Ansari M, Javad Rassaie M,
Volume 62, Issue 1 (4-2004)
Abstract
Background: Migraine is a chronic hereditary and relapsing headache. With regard to the prevalence of this ancient disease and its economic complications in country, in this study , nocturnal serum melatonin of migraine patients and control subjects have been evaluated and compared by ELISA kit.
Materials and Methods: Fifty migraine patients (mostly women) were compared to a control group (mostly men) matched according to age.
Results: Statistical analysis revealed a decrease in nocturnal serum melatonin levels for migraine patients (32.9 28.4) compared to the control one (75.6 56.8). With using of t-test by ELISA kit showed significant difference (p=0.0064).
Conclusion: With regard to this, the pineal gland has the main role in the synchronization of the organism with the environmental conditions and migrainous headaches.
Kalbasi G, Talebian Moghaddam S, Ebrahimi Takamjani S, Oliaei Gr, Maroofi N, Galaei S,
Volume 63, Issue 2 (5-2005)
Abstract
Background: One of the most important concerns in orthopedic medicine is the low back. Considering the importance of muscle function in preventing LBT by controlling too much load and stress applied on the spinal joints and ligaments.
Materials and Methods: The aim of this research was to determine the timing and level of activities of lumbopelvic muscles in response to postural perturbations caused by unexpected loading of the upper limbs in standing on three different supporting surfaces (neutral, positive slope, negative slope) in 20 healthy females 18 to 30 years old ( = 23.20 SD = 2.55 ). The electromyographic signals were recorded from the deltoid, gluteus maximus, internal oblique abdominis and lumbar paraspinal muscles of the dominant side of the body to evaluate the onset time, end time, level of muscle activity (RMS) and duration of different muscles in one task and one muscle in different tasks.
Results: The results showed that the agonists (posterior muscles) activated at first to compensate the flexor torque caused by loading and then the antagonists (anterior muscles) switched-on to compensate the reaction forces caused by agonist activities. With regards to continuous activity of internal oblique and its attachments via thoracalumbar fascia to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, it can be considered as one of the major stabilizer muscles of the trunk .
Conclusion: Finally the results indicated that supporting surface type didn’t have any effect on timing and scaling of muscle activities in different tasks suggesting that probably spinal and trunk priprioceptors are just responsible for triggering postural responses and they don’t have any role in determining timing and scaling.
V Marsosi, L Mohammadi Alamdari , H Shajari,
Volume 64, Issue 1 (3-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In obstetrics, calcium antagonists, in particular nifedipine, have become increasingly popular for the management of preterm labor and are more effective tocolytic agents than beta 2-sympathomimetics. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of oral nifedipine therapy on ultrasonographic cord blood flow parameters in pregnant women with short cervical length.
Materials and Methods: In a case-series study, 20 patients at risk of preterm labor with shortening cervix in serial examinations were included. Patients received oral nifedipine administered 40 mg per day until 37w of gestational age (GA). Umbilical artery Doppler parameters including systolic/diastolic ratio (SD) and pulsatility index (PI) were recorded before and biweekly after nifedipine prescription.
Results: The mean of age was 25.55±4.58 years. The mean cervical length was 19.68±6.32. nifedipine consumption was initiated at the 26.4±4.12w and was terminated at 36.10±2.65w. The side effects of nifedipine were occurred in 2 patients (10%). In no patient no SD and PI measure get out of normal values. In contrast to PI, after nifedipine consumption SD was significantly higher than before (2.28±0.45 vs. 2.65±0.21). Two neonates (10%) were delivered before 37w and less than 2500gr. Just one neonate needed NICU stay.
Conclusion: Oral nifedipine can be used as a safe and effective tocolytic treatment in patients at risk of preterm labor with shortened cervical length.
B Behnoosh, A Pajm, F Taghaddosinejad , M Dalirrad,
Volume 64, Issue 1 (3-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Due to the increased usage of carbamazepine, phenytoin and Sodium Valproate, a higher number of intoxication is to be expected. The aim of this Study is demographic evaluation of this agents.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional survey we studied 93 patients who were poisoned with these drugs from July 2003 until July 2004, in Loghman Hakeem hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Results: In this study we found these results: 36.6 % were male and 63.4 % of patients were female mean age of patients were about 24.5 y. twenty nine present (29) % were routinely on these drugs. Mean time between consumption and admission was 6 hours and 56% of them had decreased level of consciousness and 90% had high serum level of drugs. 80% of them showed complications such as respiratory distress, Urinary tract infection and etc and 4.5% of patients admitted in ICU and mortality rate was 2%
Conclusion: Results of this study are compatible with other studies and according to high prevalence of overdose with these drugs we must focus on prevention factors like education for suitable management, good care, psychiatric consult and proper Treatment.
Behtash H, Ganjavian M, Shahre Babaki B, Fereshtehnejad S.m, Akbarnia B,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (10-2006)
Abstract
Background: The currently accepted treatment of scoliosis are bracing and surgery. Two-stage anterior and posterior spinal fusion is used to correct scoliosis. It seems that the application of a longitudinal force to the axis of the spinal column as a means of stabilizing by halo traction, may increase the correction of the curve. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of halo traction used between the two stages of corrective surgery, anterior and posterior spinal fusion, on the correction of scoliosis curvature.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial twelve scoliotic patients, aged from 12-19 years old, were treated by two-stage anterior spinal release and fusion (ASF) and posterior spinal fusion (PSF). The patients were divided in two groups: 6 scoliotic patients without any traction between ASF and PSF surgeries (group A), and 6 scoliotic patients were undergone halo traction for one week between ASF and PSF surgeries (group B). Major curve angle was measured before surgery, one week after ASF and one year after PSF surgeries. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS v.13.5.
Results: The mean baseline curve angles were 90° (SD=18.70) and 94.17°(SD=28.18) in groups A and B, respectively. Whereas, the mean final curve angles (one year after PSF) were 51.17°(SD=29.59) and 39.17°(23.11) in groups A and B, respectively. Final angle improvement was 46.58% (SD=20.31) in patients without traction and 61.32% (SD=14.02) in patients with halo traction. The major curve angles showed significantly better correction in patients with traction one week after ASF [38.67°(SD=7.86) vs. 25°(SD=6.28), P=0.012]. This difference persisted at the end of the first year after operation. [55°(SD=8.94) vs. 38.83°(SD=11.65), P=0.022].
Conclusion: Application of halo traction between ASF and PSF surgeries may lead to better improvement of the scoliotic curvature and short time application of halo traction decreases possible complications.
Talebian S, Olyaei Gr, Hadian Mr, Bagheri H, Mehrdad S,
Volume 65, Issue 4 (7-2007)
Abstract
Background: The changes in motor control after the use of a supportive belt can contribute to the understanding of its effects on performance. The aim of this study is to quantify motion pattern values relative to the spinal column during the use of a lumbosacral belt.
Methods: For fifty healthy female volunteers, the range of motion, maximum isometric torque and changes of phase angle of maximum torque and velocity in two positions, standing and sitting, in two directions, flexion and extension, following the use of a lumbosacral belt were measured using an isoinertial dynamometer (Isostation B200) and compared.
Results: Range of motion in both directions in both positions was reduced significantly (P<0.05). Significant reduction of maximum isometric torque was observed in flexion while sitting and in extension while standing and sitting (P<0.05). Phase angle of maximum torque and velocity also changed significantly in both directions and both positions (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The lumbosacral belt can act in different ways to prevent injury. It reduces the forces applied to lumbar vertebra and, by changing the maximum torque and velocity phase angles at the onset of range of motion, provides greater stability for joints. Furthermore, the belt can reduce stress imposed on the posterior joints of the spine and limits several momentary forces at the onset of joint movement. Under these conditions, joint injuries can be reduced and prevent some of the mechanical stress that causes lumbar joint disease.
Raji B, Taheri F, Osia Sh,
Volume 65, Issue 6 (9-2007)
Abstract
Background: Spinal anesthesia can be associated with hemodynamic changes and some other complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding fentanyl to lidocaine on the spinal anesthesia time and its complications for cesarean section.
Methods: Sixty pregnant women with gestational age of 37- 42 weeks and ASA physical status I and II undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in a randomized double blinded clinical trial. They were randomly allocated to receive spinal anesthesia with lidocaine-normal saline (LS: 75 mg lidocaine 5% with 0.3 ml normal saline) lidocaine-fentanyl (LF) group (75 mg lidocaine 5% with 50 μg fentanyl). The duration of initiation of sensory block to achieve T4 level, time to return of sensory level to T12, time to first analgesic request, ephedrine requirement, nausea and vomiting during and after the surgery, pruritus, respirator depression, headache and apgar score of the new born at 1st and 5th minutes were assessed.
Results: There was no significant difference between time to achieve T4 level, ephedrine dose, post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), pruritus and headache in study groups. Time to return of sensory level to T12 was significantly longer in LF group (152.6±14.7 vs. 66.2±11.2 min, P=0.0009). Time to first analgesic request was also longer in LF group (164.2±20.8 vs. 68.1±11.3 min, P=0.0009). The incidence of nausea and vomiting during surgery was significantly more in LF group (20% vs. 0%, P=0.023). No case of respiratory depression was observed in groups.The 1st and 5th minute's apgar score were comparable between groups and were between 7 and 10.
Conclusions: Addition of fentanyl to intrathecal lidocaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section results in increasing of the block duration and time to first analgesic request without significant maternal or neonatal side-effects, without effect on 1st and 5th minutes apgar score with increasing the incidence of during surgery nausea and vomiting.
Behtash H, Ameri E, Ganjavian M.s, Kabirian Dehkordi N, Fereshtehnejad S.m, Akbarnia B,
Volume 65, Issue 8 (11-2007)
Abstract
Background: Congenital scoliosis is a developmental disorder defined as a lateral curvature of the spine. Its progressive trend and complications, such as cosmetic problems, pain and pulmonary symptoms, have put scoliosis as an important skeletal deformity that should be corrected. One of the currently accepted methods of treatment is posterior spinal fusion (PSF) that may be performed with or without instrumentation. However, the use of implants in conjunction with PSF in congenital spine deformity has been debated over the past three decades primarily because of increased risk of neurological deficit and implant displacement. The aim of this study was to compare short-term and long-term outcomes of spinal fusion with and without posterior instrumentation in congenital scoliosis.
Methods: In this historical cohort study, 41 patients with congenital scoliosis were recruited. All patients underwent PSF surgery between 1977 and 1996. They were divided into two groups according to the use of instrumentation: 22 congenital scoliotic patients who were treated by PSF without any instrumentation (group A), and 19 instrumented PSF patients (group B). Instrumentation was mostly performed using the Harrington rod. The major curve angle was measured before surgery, two weeks and one year after PSF surgery and at the end of the follow-up period.
Results: The mean baseline curve angles were 66.3° and 69.1° in groups A and B, respectively. The mean Cobb angles one year after PSF were 43.1° and 38.4° in groups A and B, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 8 years (SD=3) and, at the end of this period, the final Cobb angles were 47.3° and 39.4° in groups A and B, respectively. Therefore, the final angle correction was 28.7% in patients without instrumentation and 43% in patients with instrumentation. The mean loss of correction was 5.5% and 4.3% in groups A and B, respectively. The final curve angles was significantly more corrected for those patients in whom instrumentation was used than those without instrumentation (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The treatment of congenital scoliosis can be very challenging despite the benefits of modern surgeries and instrumentation methods. The results of our study demonstrate that the application of an implant with PSF surgery may lead to increased improvement of the scoliotic curvature in the short-term and long-term periods, as well as a decrease in the loss of correction and the rate of reoperation. In addition, the low incidence of complications in our study indicates the safety of the posterior instrumentation for the treatment of congenital scoliosis.
Mohseni M.gh, Aghamir S.m.k, Meysame A, Gooran Sh, Mohtaram S.n,
Volume 65, Issue 10 (1-2008)
Abstract
Background: We evaluated the efficacy of botulinum-A toxin (BTX-A) injection into detrusor muscle in patients with incontinence resistant to anticholinergic drugs due to detrusor overactivity.
Methods: Our prospective study included 12 male patients with detrusor overactivity and incontinence due to spinal cord injury, which had been unsuccessfully treated with anticholinergic medication. Under visual control through the cystoscope 300 units of BTX-A were injected into detrusor muscle at 30 sites, sparing the trigone. After the treatment patients continued to perform clean intermittent self-catheterization (CIC) and clinical follow-up was planned for 6 weeks, 6 months and 9 months after treatment and urodynamic study was repeated after 6 weeks.
Results: At the 6-week follow-up complete continence was restored in 9 of the 12 patients and after 6 months of 9 continent patients 1 patient lost his follow-up from the study and 7 were still continent. After 9 months 3 patients remained continent. Mean cystometric bladder capacity (p<0.001), compliance (p<0.001), and mean post-void residual urine volume significantly increased (p<0.001), whereas maximal detrusor contraction pressure significantly decreased (p<0.001).
Conclusions: BTX-A injections appears to be an effective and safe therapeutic option for overactive bladder in adult patients with spinal cord injury failing anticholinergic therapy even if these patients present with very low bladder compliance. Patients may require repeated injections after 6 months to remain continent.
Talebian S, Bagheri H,
Volume 65, Issue 12 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Joint trauma and injury are the most common causes of dynamic instability. Dynamic instability has a great effect on the lumbar spine, due to its three-dimensional motions. The greatest amounts of compression and shearing force are imposed at the points of maximum torque and velocity. The changes in these phase angles upon bearing various loads can cause some pathologic conditions. In this study, we examined the phase angle at maximum torque and velocity in the three planes of movement and then estimated their displacement upon external loads.
Methods: Using the B200 isoinertial dynamometer, 13 subjects were tested in three stages as follows: 1) Familiarization with tests and apparatus. 2) Warm-up and three maximum isometric tests, with a rest interval between each test, in the three axes of lumbar motion including: flexion/extension, rotation to right/left, lateral flexion to the right/left. 3) Five dynamic tests in these three axes of motion without load, with 25% maximum voluntary torque, and with 50% maximum voluntary torque. Special software was used to analyze the raw data and detect the occurrence of maximum torque and velocity in the dynamic range of motion at each of the three axes.
Results: When the load was increased, the maximum dynamic torque in each of the three axes increased (P<0.05). The increase in load shifted the phase angles toward the maximum torque and velocity (P<0.05), with a positive correlation between changes in torque and velocity phase angles (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Rather than being a function of the biomechanical pattern, the changes in maximum torque and velocity of the phase angles following an increase in motion resistance to the outer range of the three axes are actually a control behavior in the motion processing system in dynamic movement.
Ghoreishi A, Aghajani A H,
Volume 66, Issue 1 (3-2008)
Abstract
Background: Sleep has a major role in daily cycles and reconstruction of physical and mental abilities. Regarding the importance of this feature, we decided to determine sleep quality in medical students.
Methods: A questionnaire containing demographic data, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was prepared. We distributed the questionnaires using a census method to every student at the Zanjan Faculty of Medicine. The completed questionnaires were collected and the data was analyzed using SPSS.
Results: A total of 224 students answered the questionnaire, with 133 (59.4%) students evaluated to have good sleep quality and 91 (40.6%) poor sleep quality. Of these 91 students, 38% were female and 44.8% were male (p=0.307). The prevalence of poor sleep quality according to the four stages of medical training was 24.6% of those in basic sciences, 42.9% of those in physiopathology, 41.7% of externs, and 53.5% of interns (p=0.008). According to residential status, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 61.5% among students living with their spouse, 44.6% for students living in their own private homes, 37.6% among students living in the dormitory, and 20.8% for those living with their parents (p=0.024). According to marital status, 35.8% of singles and 64.9% of married students had poor sleep quality (p=0.001). According to financial status, 57.9%, 46.9%, and 33.9% of those from low, moderate and high economic classes, respectively, were sleep deprived (p=0.049). Among those with average grades of under 16 and over 16 out of 20, 47.5% and 32%, respectively, were suffering from poor sleep quality (p=0.047). There was no obvious relationship between sleep quality and BMI, sex, or history of depression or anxiety.
Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with lower grades, economic status, living arrangement and type of training. A large number of students quality of life and work may suffer because sleep deprivation.
Amiri H R, Makarem J,
Volume 66, Issue 2 (5-2008)
Abstract
Background: Total spinal anesthesia is a complication of lumbar epidural anesthesia following undiagnosed subarachnoid or subdural injection of local anesthetic. Although many achondroplastic dwarfs have a normal spine, catheter insertion may be more problematic with a narrow epidural space making a subarachnoid tap more probable. Other malformations associated with achondroplasia, such as prolapsed intervertebral discs, reduced interpedicular distance, shortened pedicles, and osteophyte formation, combined with a narrow epidural space may make identification of the space difficult and increases the risk of dural puncture. Furthermore, subarachnoid tap or dural puncture may be hard to recognize if a free flow of CSF is difficult to achieve due spinal stenosis. Yet, for those who meet the criteria, epidural regional anesthesia is frequently preferred over other forms, which often have more or more dangerous side effects in this type of patient.
Case report: A 22-year-old achondroplastic male dwarf patient was scheduled for pelvic mass resection and was considered a candidate for continuous epidural anesthesia. The anesthesia became complicated by total spinal anesthesia, which was reversed following supportive management for about two hours.
Conclusion: There is significant debate over the composition and volume of the test dose, especially for patients with achondroplasia. We nevertheless recommend repeated test-doses during the accomplishment of epidural anesthesia to exclude unintended intravascular, intrathecal or subdural injection, keeping in mind that a test dose of local anesthetic does not completely prevent complications.
Besharat M.a., Pourang P, Sadeghpour Tabaee A, Pournaghash Tehrani S,
Volume 66, Issue 8 (11-2008)
Abstract
Background: The relationship between coping styles and psychological adaptation during the recovery process was investigated in a sample of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.
Methods: One hundred and fifty patients from Shahid Rajaee Heart Center, Tehran, Iran, were included in this study at intake and forty five patients (27 men, 18 women) participated in the follow-up study. All participants were asked to complete the Tehran Coping Styles Scale (TCSS) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI). The Recovery Process Questionnaire (RPQ) was completed using each patient's medical file and clinical examinations by cardiologists. Styles of coping with stress were categorized as problem-focused, positive emotional-focused and negative emotional-focused. Psychological adaptation included psychological well-being and psychological distress.
Results: Objective recovery status showed no significant correlation with either coping styles or psychological adaptation. Perceived recovery revealed a significant positive association with negative emotional-focused coping (p<0.05), but no significant correlation with other coping and psychological adaptation variables. Perceived recovery revealed a significant negative association with psychological distress (p<0.05), but showed no significant correlation with psychological well-being.
Conclusions: Perceived recovery in CHD patients is positively influenced by negative emotional-focused coping styles. Results and implications are discussed specifically in terms of the possible reasons for the positive relationship between perceived recovery and negative emotional-focused coping.
Moghtadaei M, Malekpoor S, Farahini H, Khosravi A,
Volume 66, Issue 10 (1-2009)
Abstract
Background: Pin loosening and infection in skeletal traction are important problems in orthopedic surgery and methods which are usually used to manage these problems, are costly and sometimes complicated. In this study, the efficacy of using cast support in infection and loosening of proximal tibial pin was investigated.
Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 60 patients referring to Rasul-e- Akram hospital from 1383 to 1384, who needed to have proximal tibial pin for at least one month, were studied. All patients were treated with oral antibiotic until 24 hours after pin insertion. Depending on using cast support or not, they were randomly categorized into two groups (30, 30). The rate of pin loosening and infection between these two groups were compared.
Results: In the group without cast support infection rate was about %26.7 while this rate was %13.3 in the group with cast support, which means no significant difference (.33). In addition, although the rate of loosening in the group without cast support was more than the other group, it had no statistical meaning. (%20 compared with %10, p= 0.47)
Conclusions: Cast support doesn't affect the rate of pin loosening and pin site infection. However, considering correct technique for pin insertion including prevention of thermal injury and local hematoma is very important. Therefore, the use of cast support is an optional choice up to surgeons' preference.
Behtash H, Ameri E, Mobini B, Omidi Kashani F, Tabatabaii Sm,
Volume 66, Issue 11 (2-2009)
Abstract
Background: Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a common disease of the lumbar spine especially in older ones. The disease represents a challenge to the treating physician. At present, for those patients that deteriorate clinically, there are many proposed algorithms for the surgical treatment. This before and after study was undertaken to assess the surgical results of decompression and instrumented posterolateral fusion in these patients.
Methods: The study population consisted of 23 patients who had undergone no prior surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis on the lumbar spine. These patients were treated by decompression, bilateral posterolateral fusion, and segmental (pedicle screw) instrumentation with mean follow-up of 29 months (range, 13-73 months). Finally, The clinical results were evaluated for all patients by means of an Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) version 2.1, the Henderson's functional capacity, and persistence of leg symptoms, low back pain or claudication. Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests were used to assess the average values and comparison, respectively.
Results: Henderson's functional capacity at the last visit session was excellent in 14 (60.9%), good in 7 (30.4%), fair in 2 (8.7%) cases. ODI decreased from 72.2% (50-88%) preoperatively to 14.4% (0-54%) at the latest follow-up visit. A history of leg pain or claudication was correlated significantly with the amount of decline in ODI score and Henderson's functional capacity (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In spite of limited number of our patients, decompressive surgery plus instrumented posterolateral fusion is a safe, reliable, and satisfactory procedure for treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. This procedure may be done when conservative treatment was failed and psychological problems can be ruled out.
