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Showing 3 results for Visual Analogue Scale
Low Level Laser Therapy And Exercise Therapy In Treatment Of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Mehrdad R, Esmaeili Javid G, Hasan Zadeh H, Sotoodeh Manesh A, Ghasemi M,
Volume 63, Issue 4 (7-2005)
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to compare low-level laser therapy (LLLT) + exercise therapy with LLLT alone and exercise therapy alone, and to determine whether laser therapy is a useful treatment modality for chronic low back pain (LBP).
Materials and Methods: This study was a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients with chronic LBP for at least 12 weeks were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), Schober test, flexion, extension and lateral bending were used to evaluate back pain, disability score and lumbar range of motion. Irradiation was performed with GaAlAs (=810 nm, power density=226 mW/cm2) laser, two times a week, over a period of 6 weeks. Subjects were evaluated before the first treatment, at week 6 and 12 follow-up.
Results: The reduction in pain related to motion was significantly greater in the exercise + LLLT group compared with the exercise alone group (P = 0.004) but was not significant, compared with LLLT alone (P = 0.982). Disability score in LLLT + exercise therapy reduced more than the other two groups, and the difference with exercise alone group was significant (p = 0.03). Comparison of reduction of disability between LLLT alone and exercise therapy alone was not statistically significant. Improvement of lumbar range of motion in patients treated with LLLT + exercise therapy was better than the other two groups significantly, especially by Schober test and Flexion and lateral bending.
Conclusion: This study clearly shows that LLLT alone and especially LLLT combined with exercise can lead to better improvement in chronic LBP.
Intra-articular block for knee arthroscopy: a study on 41 patients
Emami A, Farhoud Ar, Ganjealikhan Hakemi A, Ganji M, Mortazavi Seyed Mj,
Volume 67, Issue 4 (7-2009)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: During recent three decades, parallel to the improvement of arthroscopic techniques, intra-articular block by direct injection of anesthetics into the joint has been used in knee arthroscopy. In this study the efficacy of intra- articular block by complex of bupivacaine, lidocaine and adrenaline in knee arthroscopy has been assessed.
Methods: Forty one healthy adults (age range: 18-55 years) with knee problems selected for diagnostic arthroscopy. Anesthesia was induced by direct injection of 10ml 2% bupivacaine, 10ml 0.5% lidocaine plus 1/100000 adrenaline into the knee joint.  Duration of operation and volume of serum used for irrigation during the procedure pain and analgesics requirement, during and after arthroscopy VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) score, at time of discharge from recovery and also patient's and surgeon's satisfaction were assessed.
Results: Sixty eight percent and 29% of cases reported mild and moderate degree of pain perception during arthroscopy, respectively, and only one case for which general anesthesia was performed, reported severe pain. VAS mean was 2.78. Seventy eight percent of cases and the surgeon in 80% of procedures had excellent or good satisfaction with intra-articular block.
Conclusions: Considering high level of satisfaction in both patients and surgeon and mean of VAS, complications of other modalities of anesthesisa and simplicity of the technique, intra-articular block can be used as an easy, safe and efficient method for knee arthroscopy.


Comparative study effect of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine on post operative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Hossein Majedi , Ebrahim Espahbodi, Seyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini Nejad, Mahshid Vaziri, Fatemeh Javaherforoushzadeh , Mahbubeh Rashidi, Rouzbeh Amiri Motlagh ,
Volume 83, Issue 7 (10-2025)
Abstract
Background: Postoperative pain remains a major concern following abdominal surgeries, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Inadequate pain control may lead to increased opioid consumption, delayed recovery, prolonged hospitalization, and reduced patient satisfaction. Therefore, the use of anesthetic adjuvants with effective analgesic properties and minimal side effects has gained increasing attention. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic agonist, are commonly used agents with distinct mechanisms of action. The present study aimed to compare the effects of intraoperative ketamine and dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 252 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomly assigned into three equal groups: ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and control. The ketamine group received an intravenous infusion of ketamine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/h, the dexmedetomidine group received 0.6 µg/kg/min of dexmedetomidine, and the control group received normal saline. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate and mean arterial pressure, were continuously monitored throughout the perioperative period. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests, including ANOVA and nonparametric analyses.
Results: The results demonstrated that postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the ketamine group compared to both the dexmedetomidine and control groups at all evaluated time points within the first 24 hours after surgery (P < 0.001). Although dexmedetomidine also provided effective analgesia compared with the control group, ketamine showed superior pain reduction. No statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups regarding hemodynamic parameters, indicating comparable cardiovascular stability.
.Conclusion: Intraoperative administration of ketamine was more effective than dexmedetomidine in reducing postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, without compromising hemodynamic stability. Nevertheless, both agents proved to be safe and effective options for postoperative pain management. Ketamine may be considered a preferable.
 

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