Iranian Journal of

Materials and methods: In arandomized controlled clinical trial study, 56 older patientswith type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (age: 68.18±3.67 yr; weight: 78.13±7.65 kg, body mass index: 28.40±1.76 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either the exercise+Full-body pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF+Ex, n=18) exercise + placebo full-body PEMF (PPEMF+Ex, n=17) and a full-body PEMF alone (PEMF, n=21). PEMF was applied for the whole body using a full-body mat three times per week, 60 minutes for 12 weeks, with a multicomponentexercise protocol that includes flexibility, aerobic exercise, strengthening, weight-bearing, and balance exercises followed by whole-body vibration (WBV) training. The body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism markers (phosphorus, calcium, sclerostin, osteocalcin, Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP)) before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using the dependent t test and the two-way repeated measures ANOVA at the level of less than 0.05. Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, there is a significant difference in the serum levels of bone mineral density and bone metabolism markers (phosphorus, calcium, sclerostin, BALP) between the groups (p < 0.05). However, the bonferoni post-test showed a increase in serum levels of BMD, phosphorus, sclerostin, BALP with a significant decrease in calcium in the PEMF+MCEx group in compared to alone PEMF group. Discussion: The findings showed that the PEMF rehabilitation method combined with multicomponent exercise is more effective and safe than exercise or PEMF only for improving BMD and bone metabolism markers in the type 2 diabetic population with osteoporosis.