Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2026)
ijhe 2026, 19(1): 87-106 |
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Jandkaripour M, Elyasi Kojabad M, Haghighi R. Evaluating the efficacy of ozonation and membrane filtration as alternatives to chlorination for disinfecting drinking water from the Behbahan Maroon river source. ijhe 2026; 19 (1) :87-106
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7141-en.html
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7141-en.html
1- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
2- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran ,m.elyasi@bkatu.ac.ir
3- Department of Environmental Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran AND Khuzestan Water and Wastewater Company, Drinking Water Treatment Plant – Quality and Process Control Unit, Behbahan, Iran
2- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran ,
3- Department of Environmental Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran AND Khuzestan Water and Wastewater Company, Drinking Water Treatment Plant – Quality and Process Control Unit, Behbahan, Iran
Abstract: (71 Views)
Background and Objective: Growing concerns over disinfection by-products (DBPs) resulting from conventional chlorination necessitate the exploration of alternative approaches in water treatment. This study investigates the efficiency of a combined system comprising ozonation and ceramic membrane filtration for drinking water treatment.
Materials and Methods: A ceramic membrane was fabricated using the slip-casting method, characterized, and evaluated for performance. Ozonation efficiency was assessed by injecting 1 g of ozone into a 2.5 L sample (concentration of 0.02 g/L) for 3 minutes. Water quality was monitored by measuring turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), major anions and cations, as well as microbiological indicators, including coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli.
Results: Morphological examination confirmed the porous structure of the membrane. The flux test results showed that the membrane flux decreased from 475 Lmh to 313 Lmh, with 96% recovery through backwashing. The membrane reduced turbidity from 1.72 NTU to 0.5 NTU, representing a 71% removal efficiency compared to the pre-filtration sample. Ozonation had no effect on water turbidity but achieved complete removal of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. In contrast, membrane filtration achieved 66% removal of these bacteria.
Conclusion: Membrane filtration removes the majority of contaminants when employed as a complementary method to either ozonation or chlorination, allowing for the subsequent use of a mild disinfectant to eliminate remaining trace microbial content. The combined application of low-concentration ozonation and chlorination prevents the formation of DBPs, representing a step toward providing safer and healthier drinking water.
Materials and Methods: A ceramic membrane was fabricated using the slip-casting method, characterized, and evaluated for performance. Ozonation efficiency was assessed by injecting 1 g of ozone into a 2.5 L sample (concentration of 0.02 g/L) for 3 minutes. Water quality was monitored by measuring turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), major anions and cations, as well as microbiological indicators, including coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli.
Results: Morphological examination confirmed the porous structure of the membrane. The flux test results showed that the membrane flux decreased from 475 Lmh to 313 Lmh, with 96% recovery through backwashing. The membrane reduced turbidity from 1.72 NTU to 0.5 NTU, representing a 71% removal efficiency compared to the pre-filtration sample. Ozonation had no effect on water turbidity but achieved complete removal of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. In contrast, membrane filtration achieved 66% removal of these bacteria.
Conclusion: Membrane filtration removes the majority of contaminants when employed as a complementary method to either ozonation or chlorination, allowing for the subsequent use of a mild disinfectant to eliminate remaining trace microbial content. The combined application of low-concentration ozonation and chlorination prevents the formation of DBPs, representing a step toward providing safer and healthier drinking water.
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