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Mehdi Memarpour, Ashkan Hafezalkotob, Seyed Khalil Allah Sajjadi, Mahnaz Mayel Afshar,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays selecting an appropriate technology for storing and disposal of health care wastes is a difficult task. For example, selecting an optimum technology for storing and disposal of hospital wastes is a complex multi-criteria decision-making process, which requires consideration of qualitative and quantitative factors and criteria. This paper presents a new decision-making model for selecting a better method in the management of health care wastes in the City of Tehran.
Materials and Methods: So far selection of technologies for health care wastes storing has been based on inaccurate information or uncertain data, and linguistic variables have been used by decision-makers (experts) to assess the ranks, criteria and options described.In this study a combinational multi-criteria decision-making model has been used which includes the fuzzy analytic network process technique and the fuzzy MULTIMOORA method. This model uses the fuzzy analytic network process to get the related with criteria and sub-criteria of better health care wastes storage technology and uses MULTI MOORA method for evaluation of five available technologies based on the above-mentioned criteria.
Results: Analysis of the data showed that the "environmental" and "technical" criteria were the most important criteria for selection of the best technology, while for storing health care wastes "hydroclave" is the most appropriate technology in the City of Tehran.
Conclusion: The proposed framework for assessing health care wastes technologies for storing hospital wastes is effective, and the hydroclave technology is to be considered as the best solution and the most suitable option from the environmental, public health and technical perspectives in the City of Tehran.
Ghasem Keshavarz Gerami, Afzal Akbari Balootbangan, Khadijeh Babakhani,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Adolescent Depression Scale (ADS) based on the item-response theory and compare the results with those based on the classic test theory.
Materials and Methods: A total of 750 students (364 males and 386 females) were selected through multistage random clustering (levels proportional to size) and completed a questionnaire comprising 46 questions developed by the investigators.
Results: Results of factor analysis and questions structure showed that the important item-response theory presumptions, namely, unidimensionality and local independence, are contained in ADS. As regards the psychometric characteristics of the questions, results from the two theories were similar, except that the item-response theory provided more valid indices for assessing the questions. Further analysis of the data indicated that the two theories showed close values for internal consistency with regard to psychometric characteristics, such that values of 0.933 and 0.947 were obtained for Alpha Cronbach and marginal validity, respectively. Finally, the normality scores were calculated based on the Item Response Theory with those based on the Classic Test Theory. Ranking the individuals by the two theories showed considerable differences as regards the depression construct continuum, such as a difference of 86, 92, or 93 individuals.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the item-response theory models provides a higher number of more exact indices for judgment and making decisions about questions, tests and individual ranking. Therefore, application of the item-response theory for assessment of other educational and psychological constructs is recommended.
Hossein Farrokhi, Vahid Mostafapour, Zahra Bondar Kakhki,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sleep disorders and insomnia are problems which create many problems for the elderly and imperil their physical and mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of multi-component cognitive-behavioral therapy on insomnia symptoms and sleep parameters in elderly people.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population includes all the elderly people residing in Kahrizak nursing home, Tehran. The sample consisted of 30 elderly people with insomnia selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.They completed the Athens Insomnia Scale and Sleep Log. The experimental group received the Edinger’s insomnia disorder multi-component cognitive-behavioral therapy in six 90-min sessions; the control group received no intervention.
Results: Based on MANCOVA, ANCOVA and Benferoni post hoc, group comparison in the pre-test and follow-up showed that the average scores of insomnia and sleep-onset latency were statistically significantly reduced in the experimental group as compared to the control group, and the total length of sleep was significantly increased (P≤ 0/001). Follow-up did not reveal any significant differences between the experimental and control groups as regards the total time of staying in bed.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that psychologists and nurses working in area of elderly use the multi-component cognitive-behavior therapy to improve the sleep quality of the elderly.
Hossein Farrokhi, Faramarz Sohrabi, Ali Delavar,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering that meta-cognitive beliefs play a very important role in the prevention, preservation and continuity of addiction, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of meta-cognitive group therapy (MCT) on the extent of addiction-proneness in male university students.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental project with pretest-posttest, a control group and follow-up. The statistic population consisted of all the male Bachelor's students of the Mashhad Ferdowsi University, Iran in the academic year 2016-17. The sample was 30 students selected and assigned randomly to an experimental or control group. Data were collected using a meta-cognition questionnaire (MCQ-30) and the addiction potential scale (APS). Statistical tests included analysis of covariance and the dependent t-test.
Results: Covariance and post-test addictive potential scores showed that MCT could desirably affect the addiction-proneness of university male students (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that metacognitive therapy can reduce the addiction proneness of male university student, the effect lasting for three months. Therefore, it is recommended that responsible authorities in the health sector use meta-cognitive therapy for addiction prevention and resumption.
Ahmad Dorahaki, Niloofar Koshkaki,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fertility declining to a level too low for replacement and preventing its negative consequences have led to changes in the country's population policies. Understanding the causes of declining fertility and proper policymaking to increase it requires prompt action on the part of researchers and policymakers in different social and health fields. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different components of perceived social support ̶ instrumental support, material support and emotional support ̶ on women's fertility intention.
Materials and Methods: This was a survey conducted in the suburban areas of Bushehr Province, Iran. Using multi-stage cluster sampling a total of 600 eligible women aged 18-44 years old were selected. The questions used to measure fertility intention and social support dimensions of the women were extracted from the standard questionnaire used in international research.
Results: The data showed thaBackground and Aim: Fertility declining to a level too low for replacement and preventing its negative consequences have led to changes in the country's population policies. Understanding the causes of declining fertility and proper policymaking to increase it requires prompt action on the part of researchers and policymakers in different social and health fields. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different components of perceived social support ̶ instrumental support, material support and emotional support ̶ on women's fertility intention.
Materials and Methods: This was a survey conducted in the suburban areas of Bushehr Province, Iran. Using multi-stage cluster sampling a total of 600 eligible women aged 18-44 years old were selected. The questions used to measure fertility intention and social support dimensions of the women were extracted from the standard questionnaire used in international research.
Results: The data showed that about 89% of those women who had had one child declared their intention to have a second child, while only 38% of those with 2 children had the intention to have a third child. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression indicated that increased instrumental support will, through controlling the number of currently living children, their education and employment status, increase the likelihood of women's fertility intentions to 1.445.
Conclusion: The instrumental support and the relevant support that can be obtained from social network members can facilitate the transition to higher fertility sequences.
t about 89% of those women who had had one child declared their intention to have a second child, while only 38% of those with 2 children had the intention to have a third child. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression indicated that increased instrumental support will, through controlling the number of currently living children, their education and employment status, increase the likelihood of women's fertility intentions to 1.445.
Conclusion: The instrumental support and the relevant support that can be obtained from social network members can facilitate the transition to higher fertility sequences.
Leila Mohamadi, Azam Rastgoo, Asghar Nakhostin, Nooraldeen Mirzaee, Saeid Mazbouhi,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The objective of this research was to identify the components of electronic foundation data theory teaching and learning in the workplace.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted using qualitative content analysis with a conventional content analysis approach. The statistical population was comprised of two groups: 1.Three sources of information (a sample of 26 out of 317 textbooks, scientific articles and theses/dissertations) selected by judgment sampling; 2. Relevant specialists and experts (a sample of 22) selected according to the theoretical saturation technic. The methods and tools used to collect data and information included archival surveys and field studies (interviews and questionnaires).
Results: For the primary coding, 644 categories were identified and converted into 45 secondary categories based on common conceptual aspects, which were finally became nine (9) main themes in the axial coding phase; these themes were used to build the thematic network.
Conclusion: The research model shows that the following nine categories are involved in electronic teaching and learning in the workplace: 1). organization and management; 2). information and contents; 3). interaction and communication; 4). characteristics of the person who teaches; 5). effectiveness; 6). technical quality; 7). learning objectives; 8). learning requirements, and 9). electronic education dimensions.
