F Emami-Khansari , M . Ghazi-Khansari , M Abdollahi ,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (7 2003)
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of food products, especially seafood is a major concern because of the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of metal contaminants. Their detection in fish is an indicator of marine pollution. In this study heavy metal concentrations were measured in a sample of commercially obtained canned tuna after digestion and preparation of 21 such samples, levels of mercury and arsenic were determined by the hydride generation technique, while those of lead and cadmium were measured by the graphite furnace system. Tin levels were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometery. The mean contents of heavy metals expressed in ug/g of wet weight were O.U3±0.027 (range 0.082-0.16) for mercury, 0.129±0.082 (0.037-0.262) for arsenic, 0.029±0.019 (0.006-0.088) for cadmium, and 0.33±0.12 (0.016-0.049) for lead. No tin was detected any of the samples. The concentrations of toxic metals in this study were below the WHO/FAO-recommended levels, but further studies are needed to assess the risk associated other types of food.
Behzad Damari, Abbas Vosough Moghaddam, Ahmad Hajebi, Mohammad Hossein Salarian Zadeh, Habib Emami,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Pars Energy-Economic Special Zone, as the energy capital of Iran, needs a healthy productive workforce. In order to be able to promote equitable health indicators of the Zone, it is essential to first obtain information about the situation of the health system in the region.
Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional qualitative study. Data were collected using an essential public health services (EPHS) performance assessment questionnaire and a researcher-developed questionnaire for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of the Zone health system. In the next phase, stakeholder analysis was done: the major stakeholders were invited and asked, after explaining the methodology to them, to complete, individually, the EPHS performance assessment and the SWOT analysis questionnaires, followed by grouping and summarizing the results. Finally, content analysis of results of the group discussions was done and the main domainsا extracted.
Results: The EPHS overall average score was 37.8 (out of 100, the standard score). The greatest weakness was allocated to information functioning. Delivering public health services by the district health networks was the most important strength. Further analysis of the data showed that the far external environment in all the subdomains was the major threat to the public health in the zone.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that the organizational status of the Zone is in a weak and threat position. One of the root causes is poor functioning of the public health system. It is essential that the Ministry of Petroleum and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education find effective ways for integrated leadership of the public health services in the Zone.
Mohammad Velayatzadeh, Sina Davazdah Emami,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Carbon footprint is an important health, safety and environmental issue that has received much attention by many researchers and studied during the last decade. This research was conducted to assess the carbon footprint and investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions released in the atmosphere and energy consumption in Yadavaran oil field, Iran in 1396.
Material and Methods: Data were collected during the working hours and office hours in the spring and during the month of June, in 64 area offices, operating units, residential camps, and administrative and executive offices. Data for determination of energy consumption were collected and classified using an information-gathering form and field surveys, as well as interviewing the contractors (three interviews to ensure accuracy and precision of the results).
Results: Based on the data analysis the following results were obtained: 1. The total carbon dioxide emissions resulting from electricity consumption, generators consumption and transportation during one month were 1072794/24 KgCO2/Kwh, 5435478 KgCO2/L and 9342704/36 KgCO2/L, respectively; 2. The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions was estimated in the Yadavaran oil field to be 190211719.2 KgCO2/year; 3. The total energy consumption in one year was 52229043.92 GJ; 4. The monthly and annual energy consumption levels (BOE) were found to be 8.60 and 103.20 GJ/tone, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is recommended to do the following: 1. Provision of a transportation service for the personnel in Yadavaran oil field; 2. Training of the Yadavaran oil field contractors in the area of optimum energy consumption; 3. Proper management of fossil fuels and transportation in the Yadavaran oil field; 4. Connecting all the regions in the Yadavaran oil field to the city electricity system.
Behzad Damari, Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi, Ahmad Hajebi, Elham Elahi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: According to the definition proposed by WHO, social health is a health dimension that impacts, or is affected by, the two physical and mental dimensions. Based on the definition given by the Academy of Medical Sciences of Islamic Republic of Iran, social health includes reciprocal qualitative and quantitative behaviors by individuals towards welfare of the society. Pro-social behaviors and an encouraging environment are considered as the two main components of social health promotion. The purpose of this study was to identify pro-social behaviors in the Iranian society.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative study. Data were collected using 1). Literature review based on sources related to Iranian culture and religious advice, as well as published international experiences, and 2). Expert opinions based on focus group discussions on eight specialized disciplines. The data obtained were content analyzed.
Results: Analysis of the data of this study showed twenty pro-social behaviors (possible to be categorized into three domains/areas of social thinking, speech and expression, and behavior):
acceptance of diversity and altruism, understanding human rights, not telling lies, cooperation, humbleness, donation/free contribution, being critical, patience and forgiveness, lack of distrust/suspicion, speaking competence, proper balance/equilibrium, sense of responsibility, brotherhood, personal discipline/order, fidelity, trustworthiness, consultation, cultural exchange, self-identity and, finally, respecting the environment.
Conclusion: Behavior change requires applying evidence-based models, e.g., social marketing. It is, thus, suggested that after investigating and surveying pro-social behaviors in the Iranian society, barriers to pro-social behaviors should be investigated and social marketing programs be developed and implemented aiming to help improve these behaviors.