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A Sexual Health Screening Tool in the Adult Population with Substance Abuse Disorders
Effat Merghati Khoei, Narges Hoseini Nia, Nasim Abolghasemi, Sanaz Ommaty, Fereshteh Golshani, Alireza Bayat,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Substance abuse and risky sexual behaviors are intermingled. Both subjects, however, are highly sensitive issues culturally in some societies such as Iran, making assessment of sexual behaviors difficult and challenging. It is particularly difficult to assess and study risky sexual behaviors in the drug-using population. Thus, it seems essential to develop and validate a comprehensive native instrument specific for the Iranian drug-using population to screen their risky sexual behaviors and in treatment settings.

Materials and Methods: A thorough literature review was made to find a tool utilized in addiction treatment settings.  The Sex and Drug History Form (SDHF) was translated into Persian. Clients (n = 107) referred to the sexual health clinic in the Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS) were selected randomly. Questionnaires were completed through face-to-face interviews by trained research assistants. Data analysis was done using the Cronbach`s alpha and exploratory factor analysis.

Results: Cronbach`s alpha was found to be 0.78. Using the principal component analysis, the Sex and Drug Screening Scale (SDSS) revealed 78.6 of the total variance in two main domains, namely, drug-use behaviors and sexual behaviors. The number of subscales in the original instrument, which was 3, increased to 6.

Conclusion: Substance abuse and addiction significantly affect one's sexual behaviors and safety. The Sex and Drug Screening Scale will enable health workers and therapists to assess the patients' sexual health and risky behaviors at admission, which will facilitate planning, implementing and evaluating intervention programs aiming at treating addiction.


Exploring the Challenges of Group Therapy as a Selective Approach in Treatment of Addiction
Effat Sadat Merghati-Khoei, Leyla Jansar Hoseinie, Sanaz Ommaty, Fereshteh Golshani, Alireza Bayat,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (3-2017)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Group therapy is one of the selective approacheseffective in addiction treatment, although it is not used extensively.Therefore, it is essential to assessthe current group therapy situation and determine its barriers andreinforcing factors inaddiction treatment settings.

Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was a rapid assessment designed and conducted in 2014-2015. Formal and informal data were collectedfrom 6 selectedcenters (n=55) bya multi-disciplinaryresearch team,using a systematic and semi-structuredapproach. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Based on dataanalysis a descriptive model was obtained with two main items, namely, structure and implementation of group therapy and effectiveness process. These two main items were found to be composed of four descriptive sub-items, including structural determinants and effective determinants in group therapy, contextual features, content, acceptabilityand desirability of treatment.

Conclusion: The findings show that application and effectiveness of group therapy is desirable, but it is not used as a routine approach in addiction treatment centers. Barriers to expansion of group therapy include insufficient content, lack of a structured protocol, and lack of professionalcapacity building. The study also revealsthat group therapy is quite acceptableamong patients who have had the experience of being treated with this approach but less acceptable among those who are not familiar with it.


Qualitative Content Analysis of Experimental Science Textbooks for the First Year of Secondary Education in Terms of Reflecting Health Education Concepts and Assumptions
Shahram Ranjdoost, Zahra Khandani, Mohammad Azimi, Morteza Golshani Gehraz,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The present study aims to qualitatively analyze the content of lower secondary school science textbooks in terms of the reflection of health education concepts and assumptions, with the goal of improving students’ comprehensive health development and quality of life through the prevention of social harms.
Materials and Methods: This study employed a qualitative and descriptive content analysis using a deductive approach. The units of analysis included pages (texts, questions, exercises, and illustrations). The statistical population consisted of all lower secondary school science textbooks used in the 2017–2018 academic year. Purposeful sampling was applied, and all three textbooks were selected for analysis. A content analysis checklist was used as the research instrument. To ensure validity, face validity, content validity, and expert opinions were applied, while reliability was confirmed using the retest technique, yielding a correlation coefficient of 0.89.
Results: A total of 698 instances of health education components were identified across the three textbooks. The most frequent component was “familiarity with body functions and organs” with 344 occurrences. In contrast, components such as “assertiveness and self-confidence”, “healthy communication with others”, “empathy and compassion”, “awareness of diseases such as AIDS”, “drug abuse”, and “consultation in life” were entirely absent from the analyzed content.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that health education components are distributed unevenly across the science textbooks of lower secondary education. Some components were underrepresented or completely missing. Therefore, educational policymakers and textbook authors should pay greater attention to the balanced and comprehensive inclusion of health education elements in lower secondary science curricula.
 
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