Journal of School of Public Health and

Background and Aim: The hospital is considered as the biggest and the most costly unit of a health care system. Therefore, paying full attention to its cost efficiency is very important. The objective of this study was to assess the technical efficiency of hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Science by data envelopment analysis method.

Materials and Methods: Technical efficiency in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences was assessed by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) from 1996 to 2006. The input-oriented form of variable return-to-scale (VRS) was used to collect the data using 4 inputs (number of beds, nursing staff, medical personnel, and other personnel) and 4 outputs (outpatient admissions, hospitalized-patient days, bed occupations, and the number of surgical operations performed). The software used for data analysis was Deap 2.1.

Results: The DEA results indicate that: 1.There is a potential to improve the hospital technical efficiency by 3 % (the mean technical efficiency of the hospitals was 0.972) 2. Constant return-to-scale (CRS) exists in the production process, meaning that production in the hospitals is at its optimum level 3. Hospital services have suffered from extra production factors, especially human resources (specifically the nursing staff).

Conclusion: With proper planning, limiting the number of personnel can reduce greatly health care costs and hospital expenditures. It is suggested to conduct studies to determine the effects of the quality of services delivered in hospitals and patient satisfaction on hospital technical efficiency.

  Background and Aim: Malaria remains an important vector-borne disease globally and is a threat for human life. Forty percent of the world’s populations who are living in low-income countries are at risk of malaria. The disease exists in Iran and caused economic and social damages. As result of malaria control program that has been done during the past years, the disease is eliminated from the most parts of the country, so that it is only reporting from a small part in these years.

  Materials and Methods : During this study, all available papers, books and thesises were reviewed and articles from Iranmedex, DIS and PubMed databanks were also used. Furthermore the related reports from different sources were noted.

  The extensive studies have important information about malaria vectors. In this study the data about malaria vectors and related training courses are listed. During this study the related papers, Books and thesises which have been reviewed.

  Although efforts, surveillance system, diagnostic and treatment facilities, as well as knowledge and attitude of peoples regarding to health behavior are improved nowadays, there are significant improvements about decreasing the malaria cases. Risk of the disease exists because of population exchange and asymptomatic cases. The malaria can be studied with both public health and economical aspects. This paper represents entomological studies of malaria during 1935 by the end of 2008.

  Conclusion: our study revealed that, based on recent malaria national program, the authorities should make an emphasis on vector control monitoring, resistance management, malaria evaluation and because of weak supervision on all malaria operation at stage of elimination of malaria, accurate and careful suppersional require to reach the objective and goal of elimination.