Showing 5 results for Malek Afzali
H Malek Afzali , A.s Forouzan , F Bahreini , A Mowla ,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (4 2005)
Abstract
Natural disasters cause millions of death and disability and major financial losses
world wide every year. The major concern of our health system has already been to
reduce physical mortality and morbidity. While such events may be a considerable
source of stress for the survivors and cause serious and long-lasting psychiatric
complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the function of rescuers in
mental health service delivery to survivors of Bam earthquake in four steps Rescuing,
Emergency services, Transportation of the injured survivors and Treatment in the first
2 weeks after the earthquake.
For reaching the purpose 4 groups of the survivors were selected: first group was the
healthy survivors (>15 years) living in Bam after the earthquake, the second group
was healthy survivors (<15 years) living in Bam after the earthquake, the third group
was the injured survivors admitted in Kerman and Tehran hospitals and the last group
was the Relatives who accompanied the injured survivors. 2 weeks after the
earthquake a questionnaire including questions about, demographic data, function of
rescuers in rescuing and emergency services steps, informing the survivors of their
relatives condition and Condoling with the survivors and mental health services
delivery was filled for each of the cases.
In all groups, more than 85% of the cases who needed help and rescued from the load
of the earthquake were rescued by their relatives and rescuers of the Red Crescent
Society or other governmental organization just had a little portion (5%)in this field.
Only 25%of the cases who needed help and rescuing from the load of the earthquake
were rescued in the first hour after the earthquake. Only 40% of the cases were
sympathized by their rescuers. About 65% of the cases had enough information about
their relatives. 40% of the cases were prevented from crying by rescuers. Only 30% of
the cases said that they knew addict individuals who were hot given alternative
materials. 30/% of the children had played during 2 weeks after earthquake and 42/%
of them had facilities for playing.
Regarding to all studied groups rescue activities, primary care services and transfers
have been performed by relatives and domestic people , therefore general training and
organizing CBO (community Based organization) for providing services in disasters
especially in regions which are at high risk of earthquake will be useful for reducing
the injuries. According to this research rescuers are in serious need of training in
mental health services and that major areas of education need are: using counseling
techniques, providing the necessary information for the survivors and stress
management techniques.
Batool Hossein Rashidi, Hossein Malek Afzali, Fedyeh Haghollahi, Mina Naghi Jaffarabadi, Mohammad Eslami, Mahdieh Yazdanpanah, Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Over 200 million pregnancies occur worldwide annually; one third are unwanted and half end up in abortion. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions during women’s childbearing age over a period of 30 years (divided into 5-year intervals) in Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 on 518 married women 15 to 55 years old living in Tehran with a history of at least one pregnancy. A questionnaire containing two sets of questions on individual and demographic characteristics and women’s abortion history was used to collect the data for a period of 30 years (divided into 5-year intervals). The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 16 (the significance level was a p-value of <0.05).
Results: Of the 966 pregnancies among the 518 women studied, 665 (68.4%) were planned and 307 (31.6%) unwanted. There were 249 abortions, 108 (43.4%) of which were miscarriages, 41 cases (16.5%) for medical reasons, and 100 cases (40.2%) induced (deliberate). The proportion of induced abortions in unwanted pregnancies increased from 0.0% in 1981-1986 to 41.7% in 2011-2014.
Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that due to changes in family planning program effectiveness and accessibility of contraception methods in Iran unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions have become more common.
Hossein Malek Afzali, Payam Roshanfekr,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Much emphasis is being put on participation of the community and parents in early child development (ECD). This article discusses the lessons learnt from the MAZDAK project, which attempts to involve the community in the Monitoring and Promoting Children’s Development Program.
Materials and Methods This was a 9-month community-based participatory research (CBPR) project of the Health System Research (HSR) type. The target population were the families residing in western Eivanak, including 300 children. All the phases of the project were conducted with participation of groups of 10 local volunteer women (in Persian singular Rezakar, plural Rezakaran), each group covering 30 children. At the end of the period challenges and limitations of the community participation were discussed in 2 focus-group discussions (FGDs) and a telephone survey with the participation of 50 of the parents.
Results: Community participation could be seen at three levels: 1. Integrating and linking the existing services and programs in community organizations; 2. Creating an interface organization of people in order to facilitate involvement of community members (Rezakaran); 3. Involving the parents themselves in the process of monitoring and promoting child development. Barriers to more active participation of parents were as follows: mothers’ occupation; number of children; father’s or other family members’ disagreement of the; holidays and bad weather; large numbers of individuals under coverage of each Rezakar which made her deeper understanding and communication with the mothers difficult; irregular follow-ups; age and educational differences between the Rezakaran and those under their coverage; frequent changing of Rezakaran.
Conclusion: Building trust, engaging and empowering people and governmental and non-governmental organizations is the greatest challenge in such a program. Experience shows that it is possible to increase the chance of success by selecting people’s favorite programs and priorities, using simple and friendly tools (ASQ Album), use of technologies to facilitate communication, selection of volunteers with due consideration of social conditions and, finally, increasing the motivation of volunteers for sustainability of activities.
Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Hossein Malek Afzali, Nasrin Abedinia, Marzieh Akhbari, Alireza Moravveji, Fatemeh Vaseghi, Zahra Nakhi, Mamak Shariat, Maryam Mirzaeeneyestani, Fatemeh Sadat Ghoreishi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Stress during pregnancy can have a lasting effect on the mental health of women after childbirth. Statistics show that about 18% of pregnant women have major or partial depression during pregnancy, but many have not been screened or treated. Lack of treatment can have serious consequences for the mother and her child. The purpose of this study was to determine the mental health status and marital satisfaction of pregnant mothers in Kashan city, Iran in 2015.
Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. Using the convenience sampling method 202 pregnant women were selected from four urban health centers in Kashan, Iran and entered the study. Data were collected using a Diagnostic Interview, the General Health-28 Questionnaire and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis, the statistical tests being one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, Pearson correlation test and logistic regression.
Results: The results showed that 26.7% of the pregnant women were suffering from psychiatric disorders, the most and least serious disorders being related to physical activity and depression, respectively. About 80% of the women expressed very good marital satisfaction. Further analysis of the data showed statistically significant associations between depression and age and anxiety, insomnia and duration of marriage, marital satisfaction and delivery type, and mental health and marital satisfaction. Furthermore, marital satisfaction had a negative association with education. (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that it is essential to develop and implement a therapeutic, psychiatric and health care model for women at risk of psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and after childbirth in the health service delivery system in Iran.
Mohsen Roshanpajouh, Roksana Mirkazemi, Mehrdad Ehterami, Houman Narenjiha, Hossein Malek Afzali, Hamidreza Sarrami, Majid Rezazadeh, Fatemeh Abbasi, Saeid Noroozi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Drug abuse is a long-standing social and public health problem in Iran. Access to accurate, reliable and up-to-date data related to drug use is essential for planning and policy-making for prevention of, treatment of, and harm reduction related to, drug abuse. The purpose of this study was to access accurate data regarding drug abuse prevalence and substance use in Tehran Province population.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional household survey with a sample of 6024 individuals aged 15-64 years residing in Tehran Province. Data on demographic characteristics and drug use during the previous week, month and year and the whole lifetime were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire.
Results: A total of 5646 individuals participated in the study. The lifelong prevalence of cigarette-smoking, hookah-smoking, alcohol consumption and drug use were 21.9%, 26.8%, 12.1% and 7.3%, respectively. The corresponding proportions during the previous week were 12.9%, 10.5%, 1.8% and 2.2%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of cigarette-smoking, hookah-smoking, alcohol consumption and drug use is high in Tehran Province. The prevalence of lifelong cigarette and hookah smoking and alcohol consumption is higher, while that of drug use is lower, than the respective national averages.
