Showing 9 results for Mousavi
A.r Mousavi, A.h Mahvi, A.r Mesdaghinia, S Nasseri,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (4 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Discharge of Wastewater of Cleaning Industries to environment with special physicochemical characteristics has negative effects and in the other hand is not easily biodegradable because in these wastewaters ratio BOD5/COD is low and therefore biological treatment of them is difficult. Nowadays best method for degradation of Wastewater is advance oxidation processes .In this study investigated efficiency of Fenton process in remove anionic detergent and COD and improved from ratio of BOD5/COD.
Materials and Methods: This investigating is descriptive- empirical study that paksan factory was local sampling of wastewater. 30 wastewater composite sample24hr were taken during study period and then chemical characterization was performed by determining the following parameters: (COD, BOD, MBAS, PH, T) Then Sample of row wastewater were prepared and used in the experiments for determining the efficiency of Fenton process in treatment. Treatment experiments performed by use of various concentrations of H2O2 and ferrous iron at constant pH of 3and temperature of 25 in a jar test apparatus adjusted at 200 rpm and for contact time 60 min. Fe+2 on removal (COD, MBAS & BOD ) applied ANOVA. and after that for analysis of effect H2O2
Results: The results of analyze showed that the concentrations of COD, ranging from 6254-13040 mg/l and concentration of BOD was 2590-3200mg/l and concentrations of MBAS were 245-1120 mg/l and results showed that the BOD5/COD ratio was 0.34±0.09. At constant pH of 3 and temperature of 25 for contact time 60 min, about 40% of MBAS with first concentration 470 mg/l removed by H2o2 with concentration1800and fe+2 with concentration 340 mg/l .concentration of COD reduced from 8750 to 5998 mg/l, and the ratio of BOD5/COD improved from 0.334 to 0.340.
Conclusion: Wastewater from this industry has quality characteristics with deferent ranging and high organic load and because of high concentration of foaming that prohibit of oxygen infiltration in wastewater and nonbiodgredable material. These wastewaters are not easily subjected to conversation system of biological treatment therefore suitable method for treatment of this wastewater should reduce organic load foaming and improve ratio of BOD5/COD advance oxidation process is one method with good efficiency for treatment of this wastewater.
Shohreh Shahmahmoodi, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Taha Mousavi, Masoud Hosseini, Marjan Ostovar Esfandabadi, Mahmood Mahmoodi, Hamideh Tabatabaie, Maryam Yousefi, Yaghoob Mollaie Kandalousi, Sahar Abbasi, Rakhshandeh Nategh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (7 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Iran National Polio Laboratory (NPL) is a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) Polio Laboratories Network. NPL receives stool specimens from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases from all the provinces throughout Iran for poliovirus detection and identification. Furthermore, the NPL also detects non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) in these specimens. Recently, NPEVs have come to be believed to be one of the most important causes of AFP following wild poliovirus. This paper reports the prevalence of different types of NPEVs isolated from the specimens of AFP cases between 1995 and 2000.
Materials and Methods: Stool collection, virus detection and serotype identification were performed according to the WHO standard procedures.
Results: A total of 2180 stool specimens from AFP cases were received at the National Polio Laboratory. Coxsackie B viruse and echoviruses 6, 11, 7 and 13 had the highest frequency, identified in 23.7%, 14.4%, 12.7%, 11% and 10.2% of the NPEVs isolated from AFP cases, respectively. Four cases of echovirus 20 were identified, in 2 cases the patiets having died and in one the patient having been afflicted with residual paralysis. There have been no reports of death or residual paralysis (paralysis continuing after 60 days) due to echoviruse 20.
Conclusion: Considering the upward trend of AFP cases in Iran, even after wild poliovirus eradication, studies are needed to determine the frequency and type identification of NPEVs and the relationship between NPEVs and residual paralysis in the post-eradication era (2000 onwards).
Aziz Kassani, Mahmoud Reza Gohari, Mir Taher Mousavi, Mohsen Asadilari,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (24 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Social capital composed of networks, norms and values, which facilitates cooperation within and between groups to achieve mutual benefits and common goals. Social capital increases the benefits of investing in physical and human capital. In a society that favors more social capital, collaboration is easier. This study investigates the validity and reliability of a social capital tool, which had been administered through a large population-based survey using factor analysis.
Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-1) survey in Tehran. Factor analysis is a method of discovering structural position of variables to reduce them into a limited number of components which are more fundamental. The reliability of the questionnaire and main components of the tool were investigated through factor analysis.
Results: According to factor analysis, three main components of social capital including, individual trust, cohesion/ social support and social trust/associative relations, were recognized. These three components explained 66.14% of total variance of the social capital tool. Also, overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88 which indicates high reliability of the questionnaire.
Conclusion: Social capital tool, which was administered in Urban HEART project, covers the main components of social capital framework with high reliability and validity, which is suitable to be used in other population-based surveys.
Hashem Mohammadian, Seyed Gholam Abbas Mousavi, Hasan Eftekhar Ardebili, Jafar Kord Zanganeh,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: It is known that personal behavior influences one’s health. The present study was designed to investigate lifestyle of non-medical students of governmental and private (Azad) universities in Kashan, Iran and factors affecting it.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 520 non-medical students in Kashan, Iran, selected by convenience sampling, in academic year 2013-14. Data on demographic characteristics and health behaviors were collected using standard valid questionnaires, for the latter the questionnaire being the Pender’s Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II). The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, followed by t-test, and U Mann-Whitney test to compare the means of the two populations.
Results: The m ean age of the students was 21.75 ± 2.5 years. Their overall health-promoting lifestyle score was of 2.43 (SD = 0.38). This score, as well as scores for the subcategories ─ nutritional behavior, spiritual development, physical activity, health responsibility, and stress management ─ were lower for the subjects with an experience of stressful events. Further analysis of the data showed that t here were significant differences between boys and girls as regards physical activity (P = 0.000), between single and married students as regards nutritional status (P = 0.032), and between working and non-working students as regards spiritual development (P = 0.014).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that experienced stressful events lay the ground for the adoption of risky behaviors in university students. Therefore, universities should design and implement programs aiming at improving lifestyle of the students and promoting their health.
Mahshid Mousavi, Abbas Akhavan Sepahi, Taher Nezhad Sattari,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The petroleum contamination is one of the inevitable consequences of population increase and energy consumption. In this study, the method of Bioremediation and Bacillus bacteria have been used in order to remove the petroleum contamination.
Material and Methods: The samples of soil were collected and the bacteria were isolated and identified.Then, the production of Biosurfactant, the rate of naphthalene degradation and appropriate growth conditions of them were examined.
Results: The Bacillus sp. included Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus lactis, Bacillus fusiformis and Bacillus subtilis. The pure cultures and consortium have surface tension values less than 40 mN/m. Therefore, they were considered biosurfactant producers. The consortium had the tolerance ability of naphthalene up to 1000ppm.The appropriate conditions for the growth of Bacillus consortium was pH equal to 6, shaker rate 150 rpm, nitrogen source of Yeast extract and the concentration of naphthalene equal to 200ppm.
Conclusion: Bacillus consortium had more ability compared to single strains for reducing the surface tension, production of Biosurfactant, growth in culture media containing naphthalene and its degradation. It has indicated in several of the similar researches that Bacillus consortium or other bacteria have more ability in Biodegradation of organic contaminants.
Afsaneh Behroozpour, Mohsen Shams, Masoumeh Mousavi, Rahim Ostovar, Mostafa Maleki,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Self-medication, as a common risky health behavior, has financial and non-financial costs for Iranians. This study aimed at determining the situation of self-medication and factors influencing it among women in Yasuj, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 192 women referred to urban health care centers in Yasuj, selected randomly from the existing health files at the centers. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and analyzed by SPSS 16 statistical software.
Results: The most widely used medicines for self-medication were those for common cold and antibiotics from among over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and prescription-only-medicines (POM), respectively. Perceived susceptibility (17.63± 3.46) was the main construct associated with self-medication among women.
Conclusion: Once the causes of self-medication and its relationship with the Health Belief Model constructs are known, designing and implementing educational programs aiming at promoting awareness and perception of population groups, especially women, seems necessary.
Mostafa Maleki, Ali Mousavizadeh, Saadat Parhizkar, Mohsen Shamsi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In Iran the rate of Cesarean section is reported to be 48%, which is higher than the acceptable rate recommended by WHO (15%). This study was conducted to determine the effect of an intervention based on social marketing on the reduction of intention to choose Cesarean section by primigravidae in Boyer-Ahmad County, Iran in 2015.
Materials and Methods: In this field trial 39 primigravidae three to four months pregnant who had an intention to choose Cesarean section for delivery participated. A formative research (a quantitative survey and a qualitative study) was done to achieve the social marketing mix, and based on the results a tailored intervention was designed and pretested on the subjects. The final intervention was implemented for a period of one month and its effectiveness assessed after at least one month by a proportion test.
Results: The average age of the women was 25.82 years. The proportion of the women with a high school (or lower) and university education was 38.5% and 61.5%, respectively. One month after the intervention thirty of the pregnant women expressed willingness and intention to have a normal delivery, which was a statistically significant change (p=0.01).
Conclusion: An educational intervention based on the consumer-oriented social marketing theory can be effective in designing, implementing and evaluating a program aiming at reducing Cesarean section intention.
Masoumeh Majdpour, Mohsen Shams, Saadat Parhizkar, Ali Mousavizadeh, Zahra Rahimi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sexuality education is one of the most important educational needs of adolescents, and mothers can have a key role in sex education of their daughters. This study aimed at developing, implementing and evaluating a skill-based training program for mothers for sexuality education of adolescent girls in Mahshahr, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was a field trial conducted on 140 mothers having 12- to18-year-old girls between September and March 2012. Data were collected using two reliable questionnaires developed by the investigators ─ a "Parent-Child Relationship: Mother" questionnaire for assessing the mothers’ communication skills completed by the adolescent girls, and a "Knowledge and attitude about sexuality education of adolescents" questionnaire for assessing the mothers’ knowledge and attitude about sex matters and communication, skills completed by the mothers themselves. Based on the results, an educational intervention for mothers was designed consisting of three training sessions and implemented. The mothers’ knowledge, attitude and communication scores after a period of three months were compared with the respective baseline scores.
Results: Three months after the intervention, the mean scores of mothers’ knowledge and attitude about sexuality matters increased significantly (in both cases p <0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the initial and final scores of mothers’ communication skills (p = 0.37).
Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that the designed educational program was effective in improving the knowledge and attitudes of the mother about sexuality matters although it did not affect their communication skills. Promoting communication skills of mothers as an important factor for sexuality education of their daughters requires regular, continuous educational sessions, as well as practice and experiences.
Seyedeh Maryam Pourmousavi, Zoha Hajiha, Mohammad Marfat, Iman Zaghian, Hamed Moslehi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: The purpose of this research was to write a critical review of the available service packages in the Mental and Social Health and Addiction Office (MSHAO) of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the areas of drugs, alcohol and tobacco, which are currently used in the primary health care system. The content analysis method was used to extract the specialists’ critiques.
Materials and Methods: Initially the MSHAO sent 1362 pages of information in the form of 47 files to researchers to be reviewed. The files were classified, eliminating/removing additional, unrelated and duplicated items; finally 840 pages in 29 files were studied and carefully examined. Then, seven experts in the field of addiction were asked to criticize the packages, using the content analysis method to extract the experts' critiques.
Results: The findings showed that comprehensive information about drugs, alcohol and tobacco addiction is provided to the clients. However, based on a critical review of the existing packages four main critiques were extracted, namely, sources/references, epidemiology, incompatibility of Iranian-Islamic culture, and technical-specialist issues. In addition, criticisms were also extracted in the following areas/services: the number of files and the variety of interventions, editing and writing problems, interventions and discussions with inappropriate in-text sources/citations, some old sources/references (published in 2013 and 2014), old interventions, lack of appropriate compatibility with the culture of the Islamic society of Iran, and direct translation of some parts of the original texts and documents of international meetings/gatherings.
Conclusion: Despite the efforts of the Mental and Social Health and Addiction Office to cover the needs of the majority of people referring to the primary care system, it seems that the high number of interventions and additional information can cause confusion of/for the physician, mental health care provider, family health care provider, general health care provider and other relevant individuals. It is, therefore, suggested that some packages be merged with each other, duplicate items be removed and specific sections be added, some packages be fundamentally revised based on the suggested items, and updated packages be developed with due consideration of to the culture of the Iranian society.
